动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 3: 1003 - 1011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.03.034

研究简报 Short communications

发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪生长性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响

展开
  • 1. 安徽农业大学动物科技学院, 合肥 230036;
    2. 安徽瑞福祥食品有限公司, 亳州 236800
许翔(1992-),男,安徽芜湖人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:747532237@qq.com

收稿日期: 2016-08-08

  网络出版日期: 2017-03-09

基金资助

国家星火技术重点项目（2014GA710002）；安徽省教育厅自然科学研究重大项目（KJ2014ZD15）

收起

Effects of Fermented Biogas Residue of Wheat after Alcohol Production on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Meat Quality of Growing-Finishing Pigs

Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
    2. Anhui Ruifuxiang Food Co. Ltd., Bozhou 236800, China

Received date: 2016-08-08

  Online published: 2017-03-09

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪生长性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响。选用128头体重为40 kg左右的“杜×长×大”杂交猪，根据性别随机分为4个组，每组4个重复，每个重复8头猪（公母各占1/2）。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验1、2和3组饲粮分别用5%、10%和15%发酵小麦制酒精沼渣替代基础饲粮中的部分豆粕。预试期7 d，试验期60 d，分为前期（1~30 d）和后期（31~60 d）2个阶段。结果表明：1）试验前期，各组生长肥育猪的生长性能指标均无显著差异（P>0.05）。试验后期，试验1、2和3组的平均日增重均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），分别增加了16.47%、25.88%和20.00%，且试验2组的平均日增重极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）；试验1、2和3组的平均日采食量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；而各组的料重比无显著差异（P>0.05）。试验全期，试验2和3组的平均日增重显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。2）饲粮中添加发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性以及总蛋白（TP）、尿素氮（UN）含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）饲粮中添加发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪背最长肌的pH1 h、亮度（L*）、红度（a*）、黄度（b*）、滴水损失、蒸煮损失、剪切力、硬度、弹性、内聚性、回复性以及肌内脂肪含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。试验1和2组背最长肌中苏氨酸、赖氨酸、脯氨酸、非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量显著高于对照组和试验3组（P<0.05），试验2组的谷氨酸、试验1组的甘氨酸以及试验1和2组的丝氨酸、丙氨酸含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪背最长肌中脂肪酸含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。结果提示，饲粮中添加5%和10%发酵小麦制酒精沼渣能提高生长肥育猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量，并可提高部分鲜味氨基酸的含量，进而改善肉的风味。

关键词： 发酵小麦制酒精沼渣; 生长肥育猪; 生长性能; 血清生化指标; 肉品质

本文引用格式

许翔, 李吕木, 李彬, 郭文杰, 朱本国, 李姗, 鲁陈, 卫爱莲, 丁小玲, 许发芝, 陈丽娟 . 发酵小麦制酒精沼渣对生长肥育猪生长性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(3) : 1003 -1011 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.03.034

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented biogas residue of wheat after alcohol production on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs. One hundred and twenty-eight "Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire" hybrid pigs with the body weight about 40 kg were randomly allocated into four groups with four replicates per group and eight pigs per replicate by gender (males and females in half). The pigs in the control group were fed the basal diet, and those in experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 were fed the basal diet supplemented with 5%, 10% and 15% fermented biogas residue of wheat after alcohol production replacing the part of soybean meal, respectively. The pre-test lasted for 7 days, and the experiment lasted for 60 day consisting of early period from 1 to 30 days and later period from 31 to 60 days two periods. The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in growth performance indices of growing-finishing pigs among all groups in early period (P>0.05). In later period, the average daily gain (ADG) in experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in the control group and increased by 16.47%, 25.88% and 20.00%, respectively (P<0.05), and ADG in experimental group 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01); the average daily feed intake (ADFI) in experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05); and the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) had no significant difference among all groups (P>0.05). ADG in experimental groups 2 and 3 was significantly higher that than in the control group in whole period (P<0.05). 2) Dietary fermented biogas residue of wheat after alcohol production had no significant effects on the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the contents of urea nitrogen (UN) and total protein (TP) in serum of growing-finishing pigs (P>0.05). 3) Dietary fermented biogas residue of wheat after alcohol production had no significant effects on pH1 h, L*, a*, b*, drip loss, cooking loss, shear force, hardness, elasticity, cohesion, resilience and the content of intramuscular fat in longissimus dorsi muscle of growing-finishing pigs (P>0.05). The contents of threonine (Thr), lysine (Lys), proline (Pro), non-essential amino acids and total amino acid in longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs in experimental groups 1 and 2 were significantly higher than those in the control group and experimental group 3 (P<0.05), and the content of glutamate (Glu) in experimental group 2, glycine (Gly) in exprimental group 1 and serine (Ser) and alanine (Ala) in experimental groups 1 and 2 in longissimus dorsi muscle were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Dietary fermented biogas residue of wheat after alcohol production had no significant effects on the contents of fatty acids in longissimus dorsi muscle of growing-finishing pigs (P>0.05). The results suggest that dietary 5% and 10% fermented biogas residue of wheat after alcohol production can increase the ADG and ADFI of growing-finishing pigs and improve the contents of part of delicious amino acid to improve the meat flavor.

Key words： fermented biogas residue of wheat after alcohol production; growing-finishing pigs; growth performance; serum biochemical parameters; meat quality

参考文献

[1] DRESCHKE G,PROBST M,WALTER A,et al.Lactic acid and methane:improved exploitation of biowaste potential[J].Bioresource Technology,2015,176:47-55.

[2] CHEN Y,HU W,FENG Y Z,et al.Status and prospects of rural biogas development in China[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2014,39:679-685.

[3] 康连虎,李吕木,司雄元,等.小麦制酒精残渣发酵菌种筛选及其产物小肽的抗氧化活性[J].食品与发酵工业,2014,40(7):72-76.

[4] BIAN B G,LI L M,SI X Y,et al.Safety and nutritional evaluation of biogas residue left after the production of biogas from wastewater[J].Italian Journal of Animal Science,2015,14(3):3681.

[5] 许翔,卞宝国,李吕木,等.小麦制酒精废水生产沼气后沼渣饲喂鸡的营养价值评定[J].饲料工业,2015,36(17):23-26.

[6] 杨小婷,李吕木,许发芝,等.日粮蛋白水平对圩猪生长性能、肉质和血清生化指标的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2013,41(10):1-8.

[7] REEDS P J,BURRIN D G,STOLL B,et al.Intestinal glutamate metabolism[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2000,130(4):978S-982S.

[8] APPER-BOSSARD E,FENEUIL A,WAGNER A,et al.Use of vital wheat gluten in aquaculture feeds[J].Aquatic Bio-systems,2013,9(1):21.

[9] LÓPEZ-PEDROSA J M,MANZANO M,BAXTER J H,et al.N-Acetyl-L-glutamine,a liquid-stable source of glutamine,partially prevents changes in body weight and on intestinal immunity induced by protein energy malnutrition in pigs[J].Digestive Diseases and Sciences,2007,52(3):650-658.  

[10] HANCZAKOWSKA E,NIWINSKA B,GRELA E R,et al.Effect of dietary glutamine,glucose and/or sodium butyrate on piglet growth,intestinal environment,subsequent fattener performance,and meat quality[J].Czech Journal of Animal Science,2014,59(10):460-470.

[11] WU G Y,MEIER S A,KNABLE D A.Dietary glutamine supplementation prevents jejunal atrophy in weaned pigs[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1996,126(10):2578-2584.

[12] RICHERT B T,HANCOCK J D,MORRILL J L.Effects of replacing milk and soybean products with wheat glutens on digestibility of nutrients and growth performance in nursery pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,1994,72(1):151-159.

[13] KIM Y G,LOHAKARE,J D,YUN J H,et al.Effect of feeding levels of microbial fermented soy protein on the growth performance,nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2007,20(3):399-404.  

[14] 程伟,王国强,常娟,等.微生物发酵复合蛋白质原料对生长猪生长性能和营养物质消化率的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(5):1279-1286.

[15] 孙建广.发酵乳酸杆菌对生长肥育猪生长性能和肉品质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.长沙:湖南农业大学,2009:29-30.

[16] JANG Y H,YEO Y S. Effect of nutrition density and zeolite level in diet on body weight gain, nutrient utilization and serum characteristics of broilers[J].Korean Journal of Animal Science, 1983,25:598-602.

[17] NYBLOM H,BERGGREN U,BALLDIN J,et al.High AST/ALT ratio may indicate advanced alcoholic liver disease rather than heavy drinking[J].Alcohol and Alcoholism,2004,39(4):336-339.  

[18] BOGIN E,PEH H C,AVIDAR Y,et al.Sex and genotype dependence on the effects of long-term high environmental temperatures on cellular enzyme activities from chicken organs[J].Avian Pathology,1997,26(3):511-524.  

[19] ZHU M,LIN K F,YEUNG R Y,et al.Evaluation of the protective effects of Schisandra chinensis on phase I drug metabolism using a CCl4 intoxication model[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,1999,67(1):61-68.  

[20] KATANBAF M N,JONES D E,DUNNINGTON E A,et al.Anatomical and physiological responses of early and late feathering broiler chickens to various feeding regimes[J].Archives Geflügelkeit,1988,52:119-126.

[21] KILIÇ A,AKAY M T.A three generation study with genetically modified Bt corn in rats:biochemical and histopathological investigation[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2008,46(3):1164-1170.  

[22] LIU J B,HE J.Effects of birth weight and postnatal high-fat diet on growth performance,carcass and meat quality in pigs[J].The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences,2014,24(6):1606-1612.

[23] LI Y J,LI J L,ZHANG L,et al.Effects of dietary energy sources on post mortem glycolysis,meat quality and muscle fibre type transformation of finishing pigs[J].PLoS One,2015,10(6):e0131958.

[24] LIU Y Y,KONG X F,JIANG G L,et al.Effects of dietary protein/energy ratio on growth performance,carcass trait,meat quality,and plasma metabolites in pigs of different genotypes[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2015,6:36.

[25] HEYER A,LEBRET B.Compensatory growth response in pigs:effects on growth performance,composition of weight gain at carcass and muscle levels,and meat quality[J].Journal of Animal Science,2007,85(3):769-778.  

[26] CAMERON N D,ENSER M,NUTE G R,et al.Genotype with nutrition interaction on fatty acid composition of intramuscular fat and the relationship with flavour of pig meat[J].Meat Science,2000,55(2):187-195.  

[27] CAMERON N D,ENSER M B.Fatty acid composition of lipid in Longissimus dorsi muscle of Duroc and british landrace pigs and its relationship with eating quality[J].Meat Science,1991,29(4):295-307.  

[28] FENG J,LIU X,XU Z R,et al.Effects of fermented soybean meal on intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities in weaned piglets[J].Digestive Disease and Science,2007,52(8):1845-1850.  

[29] 吴东,钱坤,徐鑫,等.发酵菜籽饼用作肥育猪饲料的营养价值评定[J].养猪,2015(3):10-13.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2