动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 7: 2407 - 2415

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.07.024

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

饲粮中短期内单独及混合添加高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖和微晶纤维素对小鼠生长性能、器官指数和粪便细菌群落结构的影响

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  • 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 教育部动物抗病营养重点实验室, 成都 611130
张玲(1991—),女,云南会泽人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:mosejinnian@163.com

收稿日期: 2016-12-15

  网络出版日期: 2017-07-05

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31301987）

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Short-Term Adding High-Level Oat β-Glucan, Microcrystalline Cellulose and Their Mixture in Diets Affects Growth Performance, Organ Indexes and Fecal Bacterial Community Structure of Mice

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  • Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2016-12-15

  Online published: 2017-07-05

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中短期内单独及混合添加高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖和微晶纤维素（MCC）对小鼠生长性能、器官指数、粪便细菌群落结构的影响。选取36只健康的体重为（17.95±0.95） g的BALB/c小鼠，按体重随机分为4组：对照组（CON组），饲粮不含燕麦β-葡聚糖和微晶纤维素；葡聚糖组（G组），饲粮含28%燕麦β-葡聚糖；MCC组（M组），饲粮含20%MCC；混合组（GM组），饲粮含14%燕麦β-葡聚糖和10%MCC。试验期为21 d。结果显示：1）各组小鼠全期（第1~21天）平均日增重（ADG）差异不显著（P>0.05），而全期平均日采食量（ADFI）则差异显著（P<0.05），表现为G组P>0.05），各纤维添加组（G组、M组、GM组）与CON组小鼠附睾脂肪垫指数差异不显著（P>0.05），但G组和M组小鼠附睾脂肪垫指数均显著低于GM组（P<0.05）。3）试验第4天和第7天，G组小鼠粪便细菌香农-威纳指数显著低于CON组（P<0.05）。聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）图谱聚类分析显示，试验第13天、第17天时，各组小鼠粪便细菌群落结构差异明显，各组样品在进化树上各自聚类。由此可见，在小鼠饲粮中短期单独或混合添加高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖和MCC均可降低小鼠的ADFI，但不影响小鼠的ADG和脾脏指数；燕麦β-葡聚糖和MCC混合添加比单独添加更能促进小鼠附睾脂肪的沉积；高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖可降低小鼠粪便细菌的多样性；燕麦β-葡聚糖和MCC的添加均可改变小鼠粪便微生物区系，暗示小鼠后肠可能存在特异性利用这2种纤维的核心菌群。

关键词： 燕麦β-葡聚糖; 微晶纤维素; BABL/c小鼠; 生长性能; 器官指数; 粪便微生物区系

本文引用格式

张玲, 陈代文, 余冰, 何军, 虞洁, 罗钧秋, 毛湘冰, 黄志清, 郑萍, 罗玉衡 . 饲粮中短期内单独及混合添加高水平燕麦β-葡聚糖和微晶纤维素对小鼠生长性能、器官指数和粪便细菌群落结构的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(7) : 2407 -2415 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.07.024

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of adding high-level oat β-glucan, microcrystalline cellulose as well as their mixture in diets on the growth performance, organ indexes and fecal bacterial community structure of mice with a short-term feeding experiment. Thirty-six healthy BALB/c mice with the body weight of (17.95±0.95) g were selected and randomly allocated to four groups according to body weight, and each group had nine mice. Mice in control group (CON group) were fed a diet without oat β-glucan and microcrystalline cellulose, while mice in the other three groups were fed diets with 28% oat β-glucan (G group), 20% microcrystalline cellulose (M group), and 14% oat β-glucan+10% microcrystalline cellulose (GM group), respectively. Each animal was raised in a single cage, and the experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) during the whole experimental period, the average daily gain (ADG) of mice showed no significant difference among groups (P>0.05), but the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of mice showed significantly different among groups (P<0.05), and the trend was presented as G groupP>0.05). The epididymal fat index of mice showed no significant difference between CON group and the three fiber supplemented groups (G, M and GM groups) (P>0.05), but it showed significantly lower in G and M groups than GM group (P<0.05). 3) Bacterial Shannon-Wiener index of feces of mice in G group was significantly lower than that in CON group (P<0.05). According the cluster analysis of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) profile, fecal bacterial community structure of mice had obvious difference in among groups, fecal samples from each group could be clustered into separate clade on experimental day 13 and 17. In conclusion, short-term adding high-level oat β-glucan, microcrystalline cellulose or their mixture in diets can decrease the ADFI of mice, bur with no effect on the ADG and spleen index. The supplementation of oat β-glucan and microcrystalline cellulose mixture stimulates the epididymal fat deposition rather than the supplementation of single-type fiber. The high-level oat β-glucan can decrease the bacterial diversity in the hindgut of mice. Both of the oat β-glucan and microcrystalline cellulose can alter the fecal microflora of mice, indicating that there may be different core bacterial groups specifically utilizing the two types of dietary fibers.

Key words： oat β-glucan; microcrystalline cellulose; BABL/c mice; growth performance; organ indexes; fecal microflora

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