我国四川、山东、河北省蛋鸡配合饲料中镉、铬、铅污染程度评估

罗成, 张军民, 赵青余, 王建萍, 白世平, 丁雪梅, 张克英, 吴彩梅

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.08.030

动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 8: 2851 - 2866

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.08.030

饲料安全 Feed Security

我国四川、山东、河北省蛋鸡配合饲料中镉、铬、铅污染程度评估

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1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 四川省动物抗病营养重点实验室, 农业部动物抗病营养与饲料重点实验室, 成都 611130;
2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193

罗成(1991—),男,重庆人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学专业研究。E-mail:459167895@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-02-01

网络出版日期: 2017-08-02

基金资助

国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAD13BO5）

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Contamination of Cadmium, Chromium and Lead in Compound Feed of Laying Hens in Sichuan, Shandong and Hebei Provinces

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1. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feedstuffs of China Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
2. Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2017-02-01

Online published: 2017-08-02

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摘要

本试验旨在测定我国四川、山东、河北省（包括京津冀地区）蛋鸡养殖场产蛋高峰期配合饲料中镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铅（Pb）含量，评估蛋鸡养殖大省3种重金属污染程度。采集四川、山东、河北省67个养殖场268份蛋鸡配合饲料，采用高分辨率连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法（HR-CS FAAS）测定其Cd、Cr、Pb含量。结果表明：1）四川省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cd、Cr、Pb含量最大检出值所在城市分别为成都、乐山、乐山，最大检出值分别为0.48、15.94、14.12 mg/kg；Cr、Pb含量最高超标率所在城市分别为乐山、崇州，超标率分别为30%、50%。2）山东省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cd、Cr、Pb含量最大检出值所在城市分别为青岛和日照、菏泽、日照，最大检出值分别为0.45、5.88、4.11 mg/kg。3）河北省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cd、Cr、Pb含量最大检出值所在城市分别为张家口、张家口、保定，最大检出值分别为0.45、15.38、8.38 mg/kg；Cr、Pb含量最高超标率所在城市分别为张家口和保定，超标率均为20%。4）3省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cd、Cr、Pb平均含量分别为，四川：0.24、5.01、3.67 mg/kg；山东：0.26、4.19、2.61 mg/kg；河北：0.25、5.66、3.25 mg/kg。参照我国《饲料卫生标准》，3省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cd含量及山东省Cd、Cr、Pb含量均未超标；四川、河北省Cr、Pb含量超标率分别为9.38%、17.19%和6.73%、14.42%。5）河北省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cr、Pb平均含量显著高于山东省（P<0.05）；大规模养殖场配合饲料中Cd、Cr、Pb平均含量显著低于小规模养殖场（P<0.05）。综上所述，山东省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cd、Cr、Pb含量均未超标。四川、河北省蛋鸡配合饲料中Cd含量未超标，但有超标风险，Cr、Pb含量均有不同程度超标，Pb含量超标最为严重，应引起重视。

关键词： 高分辨率连续光源火焰原子吸收光谱法; 蛋鸡配合饲料; 重金属; 镉; 铬; 铅

本文引用格式

罗成, 张军民, 赵青余, 王建萍, 白世平, 丁雪梅, 张克英, 吴彩梅 . 我国四川、山东、河北省蛋鸡配合饲料中镉、铬、铅污染程度评估[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(8) : 2851 -2866 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.08.030

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to determine the contamination of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) in the compound feed of laying hens in Sichuan, Shandong and Hebei (included Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei) provinces, to evaluated the heavy metal pollution degree in 3 laying hens breeding big province. The contents of Cd, Cr and Pb in 268 samples from 67 farms in Sichuan, Shandong and Hebei provinces were determined by high resolution-continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometry (HR-CS FAAS). The results showed as follows: 1) the maximum detection values of Cd, Cr and Pb contents in the compound feed of laying hens in Sichuan province were 0.48, 15.94 and 14.12 mg/kg, which maxed in the cities of Chengdu, Leshan and Leshan, respectively; and the over-limit rates of Cr and Pb contents were the highest in the cities of Leshan and Chongzhou, with the values of 30% and 50%, respectively. 2) The maximum detection values of Cd, Cr and Pb contents in the compound feed of laying hens in Shandong province were 0.45, 5.88 and 4.11 mg/kg in the cities of Qingdao and Rizhao, Heze, Rizhao, respectively. 3) The maximum detection values of Cd, Cr and Pb contents in the compound feed of laying hens in Hebei province were in the cities of Zhangjiakou, Zhangjiakou and Baoding, with the values of 0.45, 15.38 and 8.38 mg/kg, respectively; and the over-limit rates of Cr, Pb content were 20%, which in the cities of Zhangjiakou and Baoding. 4) The average contents of Cd, Cr and Pb in compound feeds of laying hens in Sichuan, Shandong and Hebei provinces were 0.24, 5.01 and 3.67 mg/kg; 0.26, 4.19 and 2.61 mg/kg; 0.25, 5.66 and 3.25 mg/kg, respectively. The contents of Cd, Cr and Pb in the compound feed of laying hens in Shandong province did not exceed the Notional Hygienic Standard for Feeds, and the content of Cd in three provinces did not exceed the Notional Hygienic Standard for Feeds. However, the over-limit rates of Cr and Pb in Sichuan province were 9.38% and 17.19%, and those in Heibei province were 6.73% and 14.42%, respectively. 5) The average contents of Cr and Pb in the compound feed of laying hens in Heibei and Shandong provinces were significantly higher than those in Sichuan province (P<0.05). The average contents of Cd, Cr and Pb in the compound feed of laying hens in large scale farm were significantly lower than those in small scale farm (P<0.05). In summary, the contents of Cd, Cr and Pb in the compound of laying hens of Shandong province do not exceed the standard. The content of Cd in Heibei and Sichuan provinces do not exceed the standard, but there is excessive risk, the Cr and Pb contents are exceed its limits levels in Heibei and Sichuan provinces, and the Pb content is exceeded the most serious, which should pay more attention in future.

Key words： HR-CS FAAS; compound feed of laying hens; heavy metal; Cd; Cr; Pb

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