动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 10: 3506 - 3513

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.10.011

禽营养 Poultry nutrition

相对湿度对间歇性偏热环境下肉鸡生长性能、行为及空肠形态结构的影响

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  • 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
厉秀梅(1993-),女,山东青岛人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:1427256636@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-03-13

  网络出版日期: 2017-09-28

基金资助

国家"十三五"重点研发计划课题"肉禽舒适环境的适宜参数及限值研究"（2016YFD0500509）；动物营养学国家重点实验室自主研究课题"热环境影响肉鸡健康生长的分子机制"（2004DA125184G1609）

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Effects of Relative Humidity at Intermittent Moderate Temperature on Growth Performance, Behavior and Jejunum Morphological Structure of Broilers

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  • State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2017-03-13

  Online published: 2017-09-28

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摘要

本试验旨在研究相对湿度（RH）对31℃偏热环境下肉鸡生长性能、行为及空肠形态结构的影响。试验选取180只22日龄爱拔益加肉鸡随机分成3组（Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组），转入环境控制舱，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸡（公母各占1/2）。预试期7 d，舱内温度21℃，RH 60%。正试期14 d，从29日龄开始，每天10：00-16：00（6 h）鸡舍环境温度都维持在31℃保持不变，Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组RH分别为30%、60%和85%，剩余时间环境温湿度与预试期相同。结果表明：1）第1~14天，Ⅲ组平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）、平均日饮水量显著低于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。2）试验第1、7和14天，Ⅱ组休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ组采食和饮水行为频次占比显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）。3）试验第1和7天，Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组坐着休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）；试验第7天，Ⅲ组伸展休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅱ组（P<0.05），试验第14天，Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组伸展休息行为频次占比显著低于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）；试验第1、7和14天，Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组俯伏休息行为频次占比显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。4）Ⅲ组空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。由此可见，31℃间歇性偏热环境下，不同RH对肉鸡生长性能、行为及空肠形态结构的影响不同，高湿对肉鸡ADG、ADFI和空肠形态结构的影响比低湿大，适宜的RH为60%。

关键词： 相对湿度; 间歇性偏热环境; 肉鸡; 生长性能; 行为; 空肠形态结构

本文引用格式

厉秀梅, 高杰, 冯京海, 周莹, 张敏红 . 相对湿度对间歇性偏热环境下肉鸡生长性能、行为及空肠形态结构的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(10) : 3506 -3513 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.10.011

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of relative humidity (RH) on growth performance, behavior and jejunum morphological structure of broilers at intermittent moderate temperature of 31℃. A total of 180 Arbor Acres broilers of 22-day-old were randomly divided into three environment chambers, each chamber contained six cages with ten birds per cage (with five males and five females), and each cage as a replicate. The pre-test period lasted for 7 days and broilers were kept at 21℃ and 60% RH. The trial period lasted for 14 days. When broilers were 29-day-old, the temperature of groupsⅠ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were kept constant at 31℃ each day at 10:00 to 16:00 (6 h), while regulating the RH to 30%, 60% and 85%, respectively; and the rest of time, broilers were kept at 21℃ and 60% RH. The results showed as follows:1) average daily food intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and average daily drinking water in group Ⅲ showed significantly lower than those in group Ⅱ (P<0.05) during 1 to 14 days of the trial. 2) At the first day, the seventh day and the fourteenth day of the trial period, the frequency of total resting behavior in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05), and the frequency of eating and drinking in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). 3) At the first day and the seventh day of the trial period, the frequency of sitting rest in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). At the seventh day of the trial period, the frequency of stretching rest in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05), and at the fourteenth day, the frequency of stretching rest in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). Moreover, at the first day, the seventh day and the fourteenth day, the frequency of prostration rest in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). 4) The ratio of villus height to crypt depth of jejunum in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05). In conclusion, at the intermittent thermal of 31℃, different RH levels can produce different effects on growth performance, behavior and jejunum morphological structure of broilers. And the high humidity has a greater impact on ADG, ADFI and jejunum morphological structure than the low humidity as well as the appropriate humidity is 60%.

Key words： relative humidity; intermittent moderate environment; broilers; growth performance; behavior; jejunum morphological structure

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