动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 1: 126 - 137

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.01.017

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

饲料脂肪水平对大口黑鲈形体指标、组织脂肪酸组成、血清生化指标及肝脏抗氧化性能的影响

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  • 宁波大学海洋学院鱼类营养研究室, 宁波 315211
朱婷婷(1993-),女,浙江温州人,硕士研究生,从事水生动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:648294230@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-07-11

  网络出版日期: 2018-01-04

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31272670）；宁波市农业科技攻关重大项目（2012C10025）；国家科技部星火重大计划项目（2014GA701001）；浙江省重中之重一级学科（水产）开放基金

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Effects of Dietary Lipid Level on Morphology Indexes, Tissue Fatty Acid Composition, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Liver Antioxidant Indexes of Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)

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  • Laboratory of Fish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2017-07-11

  Online published: 2018-01-04

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摘要

为探讨饲料脂肪水平对大口黑鲈形体指标、组织脂肪酸组成、血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标的影响，以平均体质量为（4.12±0.02） g的大口黑鲈为研究对象，进行8周的饲养试验。将270尾试验鱼随机分成3组，每组3个重复，每个重复30尾鱼。以鱼油、豆油、大豆卵磷脂为脂肪源，配制脂肪水平分别为5.76%、11.05%、17.65%的试验饲料。结果显示：1）饲料脂肪水平对大口黑鲈肥满度、肝体比的影响不显著（P>0.05）；脂体比随着饲料脂肪水平的升高而上升，17.65%脂肪组显著高于5.76%脂肪组（P<0.05）；脏体比随着饲料脂肪水平的升高先升高后下降，以11.05%脂肪组最高，显著高于5.76%和17.65%脂肪组（P<0.05）。2）5.76%脂肪组肌肉多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和n-6高不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）比例显著低于11.05%和17.65%脂肪组（P<0.05），而n-3 HUFA/n-6 HUFA显著高于11.05%和17.65%脂肪组（P<0.05）；5.76%脂肪组肝脏n-3 HUFA比例显著高于17.65%脂肪组（P<0.05），n-3 HUFA/n-6 HUFA显著高于11.05%和17.65%脂肪组（P<0.05），而n-6 HUFA比例显著低于11.05%和17.65%脂肪组（P<0.05）。3）饲料脂肪水平由5.76%升高到11.05%或17.65%，大口黑鲈血清中碱性磷酸酶活性以及总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白含量均显著升高（P<0.05），而谷丙转氨酶活性则显著下降（P<0.05），但上述指标在11.05%和17.65%脂肪组之间均没有显著差异（P>0.05）。11.05%脂肪组大口黑鲈血清中甘油三酯含量显著高于5.76%和17.65%脂肪组（P<0.05）。4）饲料脂肪水平对大口黑鲈肝脏超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响均不显著（P>0.05），但11.05%脂肪组肝脏过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著高于其他2组（P<0.05），而17.65%脂肪组肝脏谷草转氨酶（AST）活性显著高于其他2组（P<0.05）。由此得出，饲料脂肪水平能够影响大口黑鲈的脂肪沉积，改变大口黑鲈组织脂肪酸组成，并且通过影响血清中高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白的含量，改变大口黑鲈对脂肪的转运和利用能力。

关键词： 大口黑鲈; 脂肪水平; 形体指标; 脂肪酸组成; 血清生化指标; 抗氧化指标

本文引用格式

朱婷婷, 金敏, 孙蓬, 李晨晨, 马红娜, 罗嘉翔, 袁野, 周歧存 . 饲料脂肪水平对大口黑鲈形体指标、组织脂肪酸组成、血清生化指标及肝脏抗氧化性能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(1) : 126 -137 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.01.017

Abstract

An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid level on morphology indexes, tissue fatty acid composition, serum biochemical indexes and liver antioxidant indexes of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Three experimental diets were prepared, in which fish oil, soybean oil and soybean lecithin were used as lipid sources, and the lipid levels of three experimental diets were 5.76%, 11.05% and 17.65%, respectively. A total of 270 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of (4.12±0.02) g were randomly divided into 3 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 largemouth bass for each replicate. The results showed as follows:1) dietary lipid level had no significant effects on condition factor (CF) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of largemouth bass (P>0.05); the intraperitoneal fat ratio (IPF) was increased with the dietary lipid level increasing, and it in 17.65% fat group was significantly higher than that in 5.76% lipid group (P<0.05); the viscerasomatic index (VSI) was firstly increased and then decreased with the dietary lipid level increasing, ant the 11.05% lipid group had the highest value, which was significantly higher than that in 5.76% and 17.65% lipid groups (P<0.05). 2) The proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and n-3 high unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) in muscle of largemouth bass in 5.76% lipid group were significantly lower than those in 11.05% and 17.65% lipid groups (P<0.05), but the n-3 HUFA/n-6 HUFA was significantly higher than that in 11.05% and 17.65% lipid groups (P<0.05). The proportion of n-3 HUFA in liver of largemouth bass in 5.76% lipid group was significantly higher than that in 17.65% lipid group (P<0.05), and the n-3 HUFA/n-6 HUFA was significantly higher than that in 11.05% and 17.65% lipid groups (P<0.05), but the proportion of n-6 HUFA was significantly lower than that in 11.05% and 17.65% lipid groups (P<0.05). 3) When dietary lipid level increased from 5.76% to 11.05% or 17.65%, the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and the contents of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in serum of largemouth bass were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the alanine transaminase activity was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but the differences in those indexes were not significant between 11.05% and 17.65% lipid groups (P>0.05). The triglyceride (TG) content in serum of largemouth bass in 11.05% lipid group was significantly higher than that in 5.76% and 17.65% lipid groups (P<0.05). 4) The activity superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver of largemouth bass were not significant affected by dietary lipid level (P>0.05). The activity of catalase (CAT) in liver of largemouth bass in 11.05% lipid group was significantly higher than that in other two groups (P<0.05), while the activity of aspartate transaminase (AST) in liver of largemouth bass in 17.65% lipid group was significantly higher than that in other two groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary lipid level can affect the lipid deposition of largemouth bass, alter the fatty acid composition in tissues, and change the ability of lipid transport and utilization by affecting the HDL and LDL contents in serum,

Key words： largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides); lipid level; morphology indexes; tissue fatty acid composition; serum biochemical indexes; antioxidant indexes

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