本试验旨在研究母猪饲粮中硒源和维生素E水平对初生仔猪和断奶仔猪器官指数和血清激素水平的影响。试验采用2×2双因子设计，设2个硒源[亚硒酸钠（SS）和酵母硒（SY）]，添加水平均为0.30 mg/kg（以硒计），设2个维生素E添加水平（30和90 IU/kg）。选用296头3~8胎次的"长×大"经产母猪，按胎次和体况均衡分配的原则随机分为4组，分别为0.30 mg/kg SS+30 IU/kg维生素E组、0.30 mg/kg SS+90 IU/kg维生素E组、0.30 mg/kg SY+30 IU/kg维生素E组和0.30 mg/kg SY+90 IU/kg维生素E组，每组74个重复，每个重复1头猪。试验期为母猪配种第1天至仔猪21日龄断奶。分别在母猪分娩和断奶当天，各组以窝为单位选取8头仔猪（每窝1头，体重接近窝平均个体重，且4公4母），称重后采血并制备血清，检测血清胰岛素（Ins）、胰高血糖素（Glu）、三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T₃）、四碘甲状腺原氨酸（T₄）和胰岛素样生长因子-1（IGF-1）水平。采血后立即屠宰仔猪，分离心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、胰腺、胸腺和甲状腺等器官并称重。结果表明：1）与添加SS相比，母猪饲粮添加SY对初生仔猪器官指数均无显著影响（P>0.05），但显著提高断奶仔猪甲状腺指数（P<0.05），极显著降低断奶仔猪胸腺指数（P<0.01），且提高初生仔猪血清Ins（P<0.05）、T₃（P<0.05）和IGF-1水平（P=0.086），极显著降低初生仔猪血清Glu和T₄水平（P<0.01），显著降低断奶仔猪血清T₄水平（P<0.05）。2）与添加30 IU/kg维生素E相比，母猪饲粮中添加90 IU/kg维生素E提高初生仔猪胰脏指数（P<0.05）、胸腺指数（P<0.05）以及断奶仔猪脾脏指数（P<0.01）和胰脏指数（P=0.056），显著降低初生仔猪血清Glu水平（P<0.05），但对断奶仔猪血清激素水平均无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）初生仔猪胸腺指数和断奶仔猪血清T₄水平受母猪饲粮中硒源和维生素E水平的交互作用影响（P<0.05）。由此可知，在母猪妊娠期和哺乳期饲粮中添加不同硒源和维生素E水平会影响到初生仔猪和断奶仔猪内脏器官的发育，并且添加SY比添加SS可提高初生仔猪血清IGF-1、Ins和T₃水平；此外，SY和维生素E可通过互作效应促进断奶仔猪血清中T₄向T₃转化。

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary selenium sources and vitamin E levels for sows on organ indices and serum hormone levels of their neonatal and weanling piglets. A 2×2 double factories design with two levels of vitamin E (30 and 90 IU/kg) and two kinds of selenium sources[sodium selenite (SS) and selenium yeast (SY)] at 0.30 mg/kg (calculated by selenium) was used. And a total of 296 Landrace×Yorkshire multiparity sows with 3 to 8 parities were allotted to four groups with 76 replicates each and 1 sow in each replicate according to parity and body condition. Four groups were 0.30 mg/kg SS+30 IU/kg vitamin E group, 0.30 mg/kg SS+90 IU/kg vitamin E group, 0.30 mg/kg SY+30 IU/kg vitamin E group and 0.30 mg/kg SY+90 IU/kg vitamin E group, respectively. The experiment was lasted from the first day of sow breeding to 21 days of age when piglets were weaned. On the day of farrowing and weaning, 8 piglets (1 pig in each nest, with similar body weight to the nest average weight, and 4 males and 4 females) from each group were selected, and after weighing, the blood was sampled to prepare serum samples, then serum levels of insulin (Ins), glucagon (Glu), triiodothyronine (T₃), tetraiodothyronine (T₄) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were determined. After the blood collection, the pigs were slaughtered, and the heart, liver, spleen, kidney, pancreas, thymus, thyroid and other organs were separated and weighed. The results were showed as follows:1) compared with SS supplementation, SY supplementation in sow's diets had no significant effects on organ indices of neonatal piglets (P>0.05), but significantly increased the thyroid index of weaned piglets (P<0.05), extremely significantly decreased thymus index of weaned piglets (P<0.01), significantly increased serum Ins and T₃ levels (P<0.05) and had a trend to improve serum IGF-1 level (P=0.086) of neonatal piglets, extremely significantly lowered serum Glu and T₄ levels of neonatal piglets (P<0.01), and significantly lowered serum T₄ level of weaned piglets (P<0.05). 2) Compared with supplementation of 30 IU/kg vitamin E, supplementation of 90 IU/kg vitamin E in sow's diets significantly increased pancreas and thymus indices of neonatal piglets (P<0.05), extremely significantly increased spleen index (P<0.01) and had a trend to increase pancreas index of weaned piglets (P=0.056), significantly lowered serum Glu level of neonatal piglets (P<0.05), and had no significant effects on serum hormone levels of weaned piglets (P>0.05). 3) The interaction between selenium source and vitamin E supplemental level significantly affected thymus index of neonatal piglets and serum T₄ level of weaned piglets (P<0.05). In summary, different dietary selenium source and different dietary vitamin levels during sow gestation and lactation period can affect the development of visceral organ of neonatal piglets and weaned piglets, and dietary SY can improve serum levels of IGF-1, Ins and T₃ of neonatal piglets compared to dietary SS. In addition, SY and vitamin E can promote mutually to transform serum T₄ to T₃ of weaned piglets.