动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 3: 999 - 1006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.024

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

维生素D添加水平对养成中期吉富罗非鱼生长性能、体组成和血清生化指标的影响

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  • 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所, 农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室, 武汉 430223
喻丽娟(1988-),女,湖北荆州人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事鱼类营养学研究。E-mail:yulijuan@whu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2017-09-13

  网络出版日期: 2018-03-05

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助（CARS-46）

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Effects of Vitamin D on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Serum Biochemical Indices of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Growth Mid-Stage

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  • Key Lab of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China

Received date: 2017-09-13

  Online published: 2018-03-05

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摘要

选用初始体重为（78.58±1.93）g的吉富罗非鱼270尾，随机分成6组（每组3个重复，每个重复15尾鱼），分别饲喂维生素D水平为0（对照组）、200、400、800、1 600、3 200 IU/kg的6种饲料（粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量分别为30%和7.6%），饲养12周后，通过对其生长性能、体组成、血清生化指标进行测定，确定养成中期吉富罗非鱼饲料中维生素D的适宜添加水平。结果表明：各维生素D添加组吉富罗非鱼的增重率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），且200、400、800、1 600 IU/kg组饲料效率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。全鱼水分和粗蛋白质含量各组间无显著差异（P>0.05）；随着饲料维生素D添加水平的升高，全鱼粗脂肪含量先升高后下降，在200 IU/kg组达到最高，显著高于其余5组（P<0.05）；各维生素D添加组全鱼粗灰分含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），但各维生素D添加组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。随饲料维生素D添加水平的升高，血清中碱性磷酸酶活性先增加后下降，200、400、800 IU/kg组显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；血清中总胆固醇、总蛋白和白蛋白含量均在200 IU/kg组达到最大值，并显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。由此得出，饲料中适量添加维生素D可促进养成中期吉富罗非鱼的生长，维生素D添加过量可能会造成肝脏损伤，影响脂肪代谢。以增重率为评价指标，通过回归分析确定养成中期吉富罗非鱼饲料中维生素D的适宜添加水平为259.8 IU/kg。

关键词： 吉富罗非鱼; 维生素D; 需要量; 生长; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

喻丽娟, 文华, 周书华, 田娟, 蒋明, 吴凡, 刘伟, 杨长庚, 陆星 . 维生素D添加水平对养成中期吉富罗非鱼生长性能、体组成和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(3) : 999 -1006 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.024

Abstract

A total of 270 genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis nilticus) with an average initial body weight of (78.58±1.93) g were randomly distributed into 6 groups consisting of 3 replicates (15 fish per replicate), and each group was fed a diet with vitamin D supplemental level was 0 (basal diet), 200, 400, 800, 1 600 or 3 200 IU/kg for 12 weeks. The contents of crude protein and crude lipid in six diets were all 30% and 7.6%, respectively. After 12 weeks, the growth performance, body composition and serum biochemical indices were measured to detect the suitable supplemental level of vitamin D in the diet of GIFT. The results showed as follows:the weight gain rate of fish in vitamin D-added groups was significantly higher than that of fish in control group (P<0.05), and the feed efficiency in 200, 400, 800 and 1 600 IU/kg groups was significantly higher than that of fish in control group (P<0.05). The contents of crude protein and moisture in whole body had no significant differences among various groups (P>0.05). Moreover, the crude lipid content in whole body was firstly increased and then decreased as the dietary vitamin D supplemental level increasing, and it was the highest in 200 IU/kg group which was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The ash content in whole body of fish in vitamin D-added groups was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), but no significant differences existed in the vitamin D-added groups (P>0.05). With the dietary vitamin D supplemental level increasing, serum alkaline phosphatase activity was firstly increased and subsequently decreased with the dietary vitamin D supplemental level increasing, and it was significantly higher in 200, 400, 800 IU/kg groups than that in control group (P<0.05). Serum total cholesterol, albumin and total protein contents reached the highest in 200 IU/kg group,and it significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the appropriate dietary vitamin D supplementation promotes the growth of GIFT in growth mid-stage, but high supplemental levels of vitamin D may cause liver damage and affect fat metabolism. According to the regression analysis with the weight gain rate as the evaluation index, the suitable vitamin D supplemental level for GIFT in growth mid-stage is 259.8 IU/kg diet.

Key words： genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis nilticus); vitamin D; requirement; growth; serum biochemical indices

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