动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 3: 1073 - 1083

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.032

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

富硒和过瘤胃胆碱新型添加剂对围产期奶牛生产性能及健康状况的影响

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  • 光明牧业有限公司, 上海 200436
叶耿坪(1985-),男,上海人,高级畜牧师,博士,主要从事奶牛标准化养殖、营养管理、奶牛保健、奶牛添加剂和预混料新产品及易耗品研究。E-mail:ygphappy@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-09-19

  网络出版日期: 2018-03-05

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A New Type of Additive with Selenium and Rumen-Protected Choline: Effects on Production Performance and Health Condition of Dairy Cows in Transition Period

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  • Bright Farming Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200436, China

Received date: 2017-09-19

  Online published: 2018-03-05

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摘要

本试验旨在研究富硒和过瘤胃胆碱新型添加剂对围产期奶牛生产性能和健康状况的影响。采用完全随机区组设计，依据胎次、体况评分、上一泌乳周期总产奶量和预产期将96头荷斯坦奶牛随机分为4组，分别为对照组、低剂量（LD）组、中剂量（MD）组和高剂量（HD）组，每组24头。4组奶牛基础饲粮中分别添加0、40、80和120 g/（头·d）富硒和过瘤胃胆碱新型添加剂（过瘤胃胆碱含量≥ 95%，硒含量≥ 0.2%）。预试期为产前21 d至产前15 d，正试期为产前14 d至产后28 d。测定干物质采食量（DMI），血浆生化指标，肝脏组织中抗氧化指标、关键抗氧化蛋白和脂质转运蛋白的mRNA相对表达量。结果显示：1）各组DMI、体重变化、体况评分变化和产犊系数评分差异均不显著（P>0.05）。2）饲粮中添加富硒和过瘤胃胆碱新型添加剂对奶牛泌乳性能影响不显著（P>0.05），但MD组和HD组产奶量分别比对照组高1.8和1.6 kg/d。3）在产后，与对照组和LD组相比，MD组和HD组甘油三酯（TG）含量及谷草转氨酶（AST）和谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性显著降低（P<0.05）。4）MD组和HD组奶牛的血浆、肝脏组织和乳中硒含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。5）与对照组和LD组相比，MD组和HD组肝脏组织中TG含量显著降低（P<0.05）。6）MD组和HD组肝脏组织中的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性显著高于对照组和LD组（P<0.05），而肝脏组织中丙二醛（MDA）和过氧化氢（H2O2）含量显著低于对照组和LD组（P<0.05）。7）试验组肝脏组织中细胞型谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx1）、微粒体甘油三酯转运蛋白（MTTP）和载脂蛋白B100（ApoB100）的mRNA相对表达量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），但对肝脏组织中磷脂氢谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx4）的mRNA相对表达量无显著性影响（P>0.05）。结果提示，富硒和过瘤胃胆碱新型添加剂有提高产奶量的趋势，有效维护肝脏功能，最适添加量是80 g/（头·d）。

关键词： 过瘤胃胆碱; 硒; 新型添加剂; 围产期奶牛; 生产性能; 甘油三酯

本文引用格式

叶耿坪, 张晓峰, 王文丹, 刘光磊, 苏衍菁, 唐新仁 . 富硒和过瘤胃胆碱新型添加剂对围产期奶牛生产性能及健康状况的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(3) : 1073 -1083 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.03.032

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a new type of additive with selenium and rumen-protected choline on production performance and health condition of dairy cows in transition period. Ninety-six Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into four groups according to parity, body condition score, total milk yield of the last lactation period and expected date of confinement, which were control group, low dose (LD) group, medium dose (MD) group, and high dose (HD) group, respectively. Each group had 24 cows. Four groups of dairy cows were supplemented with 0, 40, 80 and 120 g/(head·d) the new type of additive with selenium and rumen-protected choline (rumen-protected choline content ≥ 95%, and selenium content ≥ 0.2%), respectively. The pre-test was from day 21 to 15 prepartum, and the test was from day 15 prepartum to day 28 postpartum. Dry matter intake (DMI), plasma biochemical indexes, and antioxidant indexes, mRNA relative expression levels of key antioxidant proteins and lipid transportation proteins in liver were determined. The results showed as follows:1) DMI, body weight change, body condition score change and delivery coefficient score of dairy cows were not significantly different among groups (P>0.05). 2) Dietary supplementation of the new type of additive with selenium and rumen-protected choline had no significant effects on lactation performance, but milk yield of MD group and HD group were 1.8 and 1.6 kg/d higher than that in control group, respectively. 3) At postpartum period, plasma triglyceride (TG) content, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in MD group and HD group were significantly lower than those in control group and LD group (P<0.05). 4) Selenium content in plasma, liver tissue and milk was significantly higher in MD group and HD group than in control group (P<0.05). 5) Compared with control group and LD group, TG content in liver tissue of MD group and HD group was significantly lower (P<0.05). 6) Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver tissue of MD group and HD group were significantly higher than those of control group and LD group (P<0.05), while contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were significantly lower than those of control group and LD group (P<0.05). 7) Compared with control group, the mRNA relative expression levels of cell type glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), microsomal triglyceride transporter (MTTP), and apolipoprotein B100 (ApoB100) in liver tissue of experimental groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), while there was no significant effects on phospholipid glutathione peroxidase (GPx4) mRNA relative expression level in liver tissue (P>0.05). The results indicate that the new type of additive with selenium and rumen-protected choline tends to increase milk yield, can effectively protected liver function, and the optimal supplemental level is 80 g/(head·d).

Key words： rumen-protected choline; selenium; new type of additive; transition dairy cows; production performance; triglyceride

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