综述 Review

瘤胃上皮短链脂肪酸的吸收和代谢

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  • 华中农业大学动物科技学院, 武汉 430070
高景(1994-),女,湖北武汉人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:1424304879@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-10-16

  网络出版日期: 2018-04-03

基金资助

国家重点研发项目(2016YFD0500507);湖北省科技支撑计划项目(2014BBA205);大北农基金青年学者提升专项

Absorption and Metabolism of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Ruminal Epithelium

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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Received date: 2017-10-16

  Online published: 2018-04-03

摘要

短链脂肪酸是反刍动物瘤胃发酵的重要产物,以乙酸、丙酸、丁酸等短链脂肪酸为主,主要通过瘤胃上皮吸收,丙酸在肝脏经过糖异生产生葡萄糖,为机体供能。随着对短链脂肪酸研究的深入,发现其在瘤胃上皮的吸收是通过被动扩散和特异性载体运输进行的,相关转运载体包括单羧酸转运蛋白(MCT)、Na+/H+交换体(NHE)和阴离子交换剂2(AE2)等。短链脂肪酸在瘤胃上皮的转运吸收还与瘤胃内腔及胞内pH有关,载体间相互作用共同维持瘤胃内腔及细胞内pH平衡。而在被吸收进入细胞后,短链脂肪酸在胞内会进行代谢,主要代谢途径有胆固醇合成和酮体合成途径,酮体合成在线粒体中进行,胆固醇合成在细胞质以及内质网中进行,2种途径的反应前体物均为3-羟基3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)。合成的酮体被MCT转运出上皮细胞,进入外周组织供能。本文就短链脂肪酸在瘤胃上皮的吸收和代谢调控机制进行综述,为后续研究提供理论依据。

本文引用格式

高景, 齐智利 . 瘤胃上皮短链脂肪酸的吸收和代谢[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(4) : 1271 -1278 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.04.009

Abstract

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the important products of rumen fermentation, mainly including acetate, propionate and butyrate, which are absorbed by ruminal epithelium and propionate enters the process of gluconeogenesis in liver for providing energy for body. With the increase of studies, it is found that SCFAs are transported by passive diffusion and transportation of specific transporters such as monocarboxylate/H+ co-transporters (MCT), Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) and anion exchanger 2 (AE2). SCFAs adsorption and transportation in ruminal epithelium is associated with pH in rumen lumen and ruminal epithelium cell. Transporters are working together to maintain the pH. After absorbed into cells, SCFA enter metabolism pathways mainly including synthesis of ketone body and cholesterol. Ketone body synthesis takes place in mitochondria, while cholesterol is synthesized in cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum. Both subtracts of pathways are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). Synthetic ketone body is transported out of cell and into extra tissues by MCT for energy supply. This article reviewed the adsorption and metabolism mechanisms of SCFAs to provide references for further study.

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