饲料营养 Feed science and technology

枯草芽孢杆菌对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、免疫器官指数、肠道菌群及肠道形态的影响

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  • 1. 武汉市农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 武汉 430208;
    2. 华中农业大学动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430070;
    3. 武汉市动物疫病预防控制中心, 武汉 430016
胡振华(1989-),男,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,从事家禽育种与繁殖研究。E-mail:1032155190@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-10-16

  网络出版日期: 2018-04-03

基金资助

国家水禽产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-42-48)

Effects of Bacillus subtilis on Growth Performance, Immune Organ Indices, Intestinal Flora and Intestinal Morphology of Cherry Valley Meat Ducks

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  • 1. Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430208, China;
    2. Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
    3. Wuhan Center For Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430016, China

Received date: 2017-10-16

  Online published: 2018-04-03

摘要

本试验旨在研究枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、免疫器官指数、肠道菌群及肠道形态的影响。试验选取2周龄体重相近、健康的樱桃谷肉鸭600只,随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复50只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 g/kg枯草芽孢杆菌(BS组)和1 g/kg复合芽孢杆菌(CB组)。试验期为4周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,BS组和CB组肉鸭第5周和第3~6周的平均日采食量均极显著降低(P<0.01),第5周的料重比显著降低(P<0.05);CB组第3~6周的料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)BS组和CB组肉鸭的胸腺指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各组之间的脾脏指数和法氏囊指数差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)BS组和CB组肉鸭盲肠中菌落总数、芽孢杆菌数量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),大肠杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);BS组肉鸭盲肠中乳酸菌数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)BS组和CB组肉鸭十二指肠绒毛高度、黏膜厚度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度以及空肠黏膜厚度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),并且空肠隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌可改善肠道形态,增加肠道内有益菌的数量以及刺激免疫器官的发育,促进肉鸭生长。

本文引用格式

胡振华, 杨永平, 杨宇, 叶胜强, 王丽霞, 邓兵, 陈星, 凌明湖, 龚萍, 龚炎长 . 枯草芽孢杆菌对樱桃谷肉鸭生长性能、免疫器官指数、肠道菌群及肠道形态的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(4) : 1504 -1512 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.04.035

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, immune organ indices, intestinal flora and intestinal morphology of cherry valley meat ducks. A total of 600 two-week-old healthy cherry valley meat ducks with similar weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 50 ducks per replicate. Ducks in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 1 g/kg Bacillus subtilis (BS group) and 2 g/kg composite Bacillus (CB group), respectively. The test lasted for four weeks. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of meat ducks in BS group and CB group was significantly decreased at the 5th week and the 3rd to 6th week (P<0.01), and the ratio of feed to gain in BS group and CB group was significantly decreased at the 5th week (P<0.05); the ratio of feed to gain in CB group was significantly decreased at the 3rd to 6th week (P<0.05). 2) The thymus index of meat ducks in BS group and CB group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), while the spleen index and bursa of Fabricius index were no significant differences among all groups (P>0.05). 3) The total numbers of colony and Bacillus number in cecum of meat ducks in BS group and CB group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), and the Escherichia coli number was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The cecum Lactobacillus number of meat ducks in BS group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). 4) The villus height, mucosa thickness, the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in duodenum and mucosa thickness in jejunum of meat ducks in BS group and CB group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), and the crypt depth in jejunum was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, Bacillus subtilis can improve intestinal morphology, increase intestinal beneficial bacteria numbers and improve immune organs development, and promote the growth of meat ducks.

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