动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 6: 2172 - 2181

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.020

反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminant and herbivore nutrition

早期断奶羔羊饲喂不同中性洗涤纤维水平饲粮对羔羊育肥期生长性能、血清学指标和屠宰性能的影响

展开
  • 1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院, 太谷 030801;
    2. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081
解彪(1991-),男,山西清徐人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:xiebiao1122@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-11-09

  网络出版日期: 2018-06-20

基金资助

公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费（201303143，201403049）

收起

Effects of Feeding Different Neutral Detergent Fiber Level Diets for Early Weaned Lambs on Growth Performance, Serological Parameters and Slaughter Performance of Lambs at Fattening Stage

Expand
  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2017-11-09

  Online published: 2018-06-20

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究早期断奶羔羊饲喂不同中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平饲粮对羔羊育肥期生长性能、血清学指标和屠宰性能的影响。选用100只体况良好、体重（6.10±0.10）kg、（18±2）日龄的湖羊公羔，随机分为4组，每组5个重复，每个重复5只羔羊。试验配制NDF水平分别为10%（10N组，作为对照组）、15%（15N组）、20%（20N组）、25%（25N组）的4种饲粮。在21~90日龄阶段，各组羔羊饲喂不同NDF水平的饲粮；在91~150日龄，所有羔羊饲喂同一全混合日粮（TMR），饲粮NDF水平为30%。150日龄时，每组挑选与平均体重相近的6只羔羊，测定血清学指标、屠宰性能和组织器官发育指标。结果表明：1）在90日龄时，15N组、20N组和25N组体重均显著高于10N组（P<0.05）；在120日龄时，20N组和25N组体重均显著高于10N组（P<0.05）；在150日龄时，20N组和25N组体重较10N组有增加的趋势（P=0.079）。90~120日龄阶段，20N组和25N组羔羊平均日增重显著高于10N组和15N组（P<0.05），20N组羔羊平均干物质采食量显著高于10N组（P<0.05）；然而，在120~150日龄阶段，20N组和25N组羔羊平均日增重显著低于10N组和15N组（P<0.05）。在90~150日龄阶段，羔羊平均日增重、平均干物质采食量及料重比各组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）20N组血清总蛋白含量显著高于10N组（P<0.05），20N组和25N组血清白蛋白含量显著高于10N组（P<0.05），25N组血清β-羟丁酸含量显著高于10N组和15N组（P<0.05）。3）20N组和25N组羔羊胴体重较10N组有增加趋势（P=0.061）。4）10N组头占宰前活重的比例显著高于20N组（P<0.05），其余指标各组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。综合得出，早期断奶羔羊饲喂NDF水平不低于15%的饲粮能够提高育肥期羔羊的生长性能。

关键词： 中性洗涤纤维; 早期断奶羔羊; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 代谢印记

本文引用格式

解彪, 张乃锋, 崔凯, 王世琴, 吕小康, 张春香, 刁其玉 . 早期断奶羔羊饲喂不同中性洗涤纤维水平饲粮对羔羊育肥期生长性能、血清学指标和屠宰性能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(6) : 2172 -2181 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.020

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of feeding different neutral detergent fiber (NDF) level diets for early weaned lambs on growth performance, serological parameters and slaughter performance of lambs at fattening stage. One hundred healthy Hu lambs with body weight of (6.10±0.10) kg and (18±2) days of age were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates in each group and five lambs per replicate. Four diets were formulated, which contained 10% (10N group, as control group), 15% (15N group), 20% (20N group) and 25% (25N group) NDF, respectively. At 21 to 90 days of age, lamps in four groups were fed different NDF level diets; at 91 to 150 days of age, all lambs were fed the same total mixed ration. Six lambs in each group were selected to determine serological parameters, slaughter performance and organ development indices at 150 days of age. The results showed as follows:1) at 90 days of age, body weight in 15N, 20N and 25N groups was significantly higher than that in 10N group (P<0.05); at 120 days of age, body weight in 20N and 25N groups was significantly higher than that in 10N group (P<0.05); at 150 days of age, body weight in 20N and 25N groups had an increasing trend compared with 10N group (P=0.079). Average daily gain in 20N and 25N groups was significantly higher than that in 10N and 15N groups during 90 to 120 days of age (P<0.05), while it was significantly lower in 20N and 25N groups than that in 10N and 15N groups during 120 to 150 days of age (P<0.05). Average dry matter intake in 20N group was significantly higher than that in 10N group during 90 to 120 days of age (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in average daily gain, average dry matter intake and feed to gain ratio during 90 to 150 days of age among all groups (P>0.05). 2) Serum total protein (TP) content in 20N group was significantly higher than that in 10N group (P<0.05), serum albumin (ALB) content in 20N and 25N groups was significantly higher than that in 10N group (P<0.05), and serum β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) content in 25N group was significantly higher than that in 10N and 15N groups (P<0.05). 3) Carcass weight in 20N and 25N groups had an increasing trend compared with 10N group (P=0.061). 4) Proportion of head to live weight before slaughter was significantly higher for lambs in 10N group than that in 20N group (P<0.05), and no significant differences were found in other parameters (P>0.05). In conclusion, the diets of early weaned lambs containing more than 15% NDF can promote the growth performance of lambs at fattening stage.

Key words： neutral detergent fiber; early weaned lambs; growth performance; slaughter performance; metabolic imprinting

参考文献

[1] LUCAS A.Programming by early nutrition in man[J].CIBA Foundation Symposium,1991,156:38-50.

[2] HOCHBERG Z,FEIL R,CONSTANCIA M,et al.Child health,developmental plasticity,and epigenetic programming[J].Endocrine Reviews,2010,32(2):159-224.

[3] EWIEDMEIER J,AJOSS-MOORE L,HLANE R,et al.Early postnatal nutrition and programming of the preterm neonate[J].Nutrition Reviews,2011,69(2):76-82.  

[4] FAITH J J,GURUGE J L,CHARBONNEAU M,et al.The long-term stability of the human gut microbiota[J].Science,2013,341(6141):1237439.

[5] MOALLEM U,WERNER D,LEHRER H,et al.Long-term effects of ad libitum whole milk prior to weaning and prepubertal protein supplementation on skeletal growth rate and first-lactation milk production[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(6):2639-2650.  

[6] SOBERON F,RAFFRENATO E,EVERETT R W,et al.Preweaning milk replacer intake and effects on long-term productivity of dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(2):783-793.  

[7] 侯生珍,吕凯,王志有,等.蛋白水平及Lys/Met配比对早期断奶藏羔羊肌肉组织学形态的影响[J].山东农业大学学报,2013(4):543-549.

[8] CASTELLS L,BACH A,TERRÉ M.Short-and long-term effects of forage supplementation of calves during the preweaning period on performance,reproduction,and milk yield at first lactation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(7):4748-4753.  

[9] STEELE M A,MALMUTHUGE N,GUAN L L.Dietary factors influencing the development of the ruminant gastrointestinal tract[J].Chemosphere,2015,41(7):1007-1010.

[10] 柴建民,王海超,刁其玉,等.断奶时间对羔羊生长性能和器官发育及血清学指标的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(26):4979-4988.

[11] 郭江鹏,郝正里,李发弟,等.早期断奶对舍饲肉用羔羊消化器官发育的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2013,44(7):1078-1089.

[12] 王彩莲,郝正里,李发弟,等.0-56日龄放牧羔羊消化道的解剖特点和瘤胃功能变化[J].畜牧兽医学报,2010,41(4):417-424.

[13] YANG B,HE B,WANG S S,et al.Early supplementation of starter pellets with alfalfa improves the performance of pre-and postweaning Hu lambs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2015,93(10):4984-4994.  

[14] 赵新德,于满满,姜雨轩,等.不同日粮组成对羔羊生长性能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017(19):128-131.

[15] 吕佳颖.粗饲料来源对育肥羔羊生产性能和瘤胃微生物区系的影响[D].硕士学位论文.兰州:兰州大学,2017.

[16] 张立涛.25-50 kg杜寒杂交F1代肉用绵羊日粮NDF适宜水平的研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2013.

[17] 解彪,张乃峰,崔凯,等.不同中性洗涤纤维水平饲粮对早期断奶羔羊生长性能、血清指标、屠宰性能和组织器官发育的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(3):963-972.

[18] 祁敏丽,马铁伟,刁其玉,等.饲粮营养限制对断奶湖羊羔羊生长、屠宰性能以及器官发育的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(8):1601-1609.

[19] 张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2003.

[20] SUÁREZ B J,VAN REENEN C G,STOCKHOFE N,et al.Effect of roughage source and roughage to concentrate ratio on animal performance and rumen development in veal calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(5):2390-2403.  

[21] 陈玲,吕晓阳,王庆增,等.湖羊生长发育曲线模型预测及趋势分析[J].中国畜牧兽医,2014,41(12):239-243.

[22] SUÁREZ B J,VAN REENEN C G,BELDMAN G,et al.Effects of supplementing concentrates differing in carbohydrate composition in veal calf diets:Ⅰ.Animal performance and rumen fermentation characteristics[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(11):4365-4375.  

[23] HINDERS R G,OWEN F G.Relation of ruminal parakeratosis development to volatile fatty acid absorption[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1965,48(8):1069-1073.  

[24] PICCIONE G,CASELLA S,LUTRI L,et al.Reference values for some haematological,haematochemical,and electrophoretic parameters in the Girgentana goat[J].Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,2014,34(2):197-204.

[25] KHAN M A,BACH A,WEARY D M,et al.Invited review:transitioning from milk to solid feed in dairy heifers[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(2):885-902.  

[26] LANE M A,BALDWIN R L V,JESSE B W.Sheep rumen metabolic development in response to age and dietary treatments[J].Journal of Animal Science,2000,78(7):1990-1996.  

[27] OMIDI-MIRZAEI H,KHORVASH M,GHORBANI G R,et al.Effects of the step-up/step-down and step-down milk feeding procedures on the performance,structural growth,and blood metabolites of Holstein dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(11):7975-7981.  

[28] NEMATI M,AMANLOU H,KHORVASH M,et al.Effect of different alfalfa hay levels on growth performance,rumen fermentation,and structural growth of Holstein dairy calves[J].Journal of Animal Science,2016,94(3):1141-1148.  

[29] ECKERT E,BROWN H E,LESLIE K E,et al.Weaning age affects growth,feed intake,gastrointestinal development,and behavior in Holstein calves fed an elevated plane of nutrition during the preweaning stage[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(9):6315-6326.  

[30] DEELEN S M,LESLIE K E,STEELE M A,et al.Validation of a calf-side β-hydroxybutyrate test and its utility for estimation of starter intake in dairy calves around weaning[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(9):7624-7633.  
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2