限饲对妊娠中期母羊血液生化指标及内脏脂肪组织脂肪代谢的影响

杨宏, 周小玲, 颜琼娴, 谭支良

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.021

动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 6: 2182 - 2193

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.021

反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminant and herbivore nutrition

限饲对妊娠中期母羊血液生化指标及内脏脂肪组织脂肪代谢的影响

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1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术研究中心, 农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站;长沙 410125;
2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
3. 塔里木大学动物科学学院, 阿拉尔 843300;
4. 湖南省植物功能成分利用协同创新中心, 长沙 410128;
5. 湖南省畜禽安全生产协同创新中心, 长沙 410128

杨宏(1992-),男,土家族,湖南湘西人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:742875934@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-12-04

网络出版日期: 2018-06-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31402105，31760678）；中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所青年创新团队（2017QNCXTD_ZCS）

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Effects of Feeding Restriction on Blood Biochemical Indexes and Lipid Metabolism of Visceral Adipose Tissue in Mid-Pregnancy Dams

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1. Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha 410125, China;
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China;
4. Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China;
5. Hunan CoInnovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2017-12-04

Online published: 2018-06-20

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摘要

本试验旨在研究限饲对妊娠中期母羊血液生化指标、内脏脂肪组织（VAT）脂肪酸组成及脂肪代谢相关基因表达的影响。选取妊娠湘东黑山羊16只，妊娠（45±3）d，体重（29.86±3.07）kg，随机分配至对照组（C组，100%妊娠营养需求）和限饲组（R组，60%妊娠营养需求），每组8只，试验期为妊娠45~100 d。妊娠101 d时，检测血液生化指标以及瘤胃网膜、肠系膜和肾周脂肪组织中脂肪酸组成、脂肪代谢和能量感知相关基因的表达。结果表明，R组与C组相比：1）血液胰高血糖素、游离脂肪酸含量显著升高（P<0.05），血液瘦素、脂联素和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著降低（P<0.05）。2）网膜脂花生四烯酸、棕榈油酸、亚油酸、二十碳三烯酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）；系膜脂豆蔻酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）；肾周脂亚油酸、花生四烯酸、二十碳三烯酸和多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著降低（P<0.05）。3）网膜脂腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶的催化亚基α2（AMPKα2）基因表达有上调的趋势（0.05≤P≤0.10）；系膜脂脂肪酸合成酶（FASN）、硬脂酰辅酶A脱氢酶1（SCD1）、解偶联蛋白2（UCP2）基因表达有下调的趋势（0.05≤P≤0.10），过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体γ（PPARγ）基因表达有上调的趋势（0.05≤P≤0.10）；肾周脂FASN、UCP2基因表达显著下调（P<0.05），腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶的非催化亚基β1（AMPKβ1）基因表达显著上调（P<0.05），肉碱脂酰转移酶1A（CPT1A）基因表达有上调的趋势（0.05≤P≤0.10）。综上所述，妊娠中期限饲导致母羊血液中脂肪代谢调控因子（瘦素和脂联素）含量下降，脂肪代谢产物（游离脂肪酸）含量上升，导致VAT的脂肪酸组成（PUFA含量下降），并经下调脂肪合成基因（FASN和SCD1）、上调脂肪动员基因（CPT1A）及下调基础能量代谢基因（UCP2）表达的途径，使母体VAT脂肪合成作用减弱、脂质分解作用增强来调节机体能量稳态。

关键词： 限饲; 妊娠中期; 脂肪酸; 脂肪代谢; 山羊

本文引用格式

杨宏, 周小玲, 颜琼娴, 谭支良 . 限饲对妊娠中期母羊血液生化指标及内脏脂肪组织脂肪代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(6) : 2182 -2193 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.06.021

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding restriction on blood biochemical indexes, fatty acid composition and gene expressions related to lipid metabolism of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in mid-pregnancy ewes. Sixteen Xiangdong black goats[gestation time of (45±3) d], body weight of (29.86±3.07) kg] were chosen and randomly assigned to control group (C group, 100% of pregnancy nutritional requirements) and restricted group (R group, 40% of pregnancy nutritional requirements), and each group comprised of 8 dams. The experiment period was 45 to 100 d of gestation. At day 101 of gestation, blood biochemical indexes, fatty acid composition and gene expressions related to lipid metabolism and energy sensing in omental, mesenteric and perirenal adipose tissues were detected. The results showed that R group compared with C group:1) blood contents of glucagon and free fatty acid were significantly increased (P<0.05), and blood contents of leptin, adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) The contents of arachidonic acid (C20:4n6), palmitoleic acid (C16:1), linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (C20:3n6) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in omental adipose tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.05); the content of myristic acid in mesenteric adipose tissue was significantly decreased (P<0.05); the contents of linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and PUFA in perirenal adipose tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) The expression of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase α2 (AMPKα2) gene in omental adipose tissue tended to be increased (0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10); the expressions of fatty acid synthetase (FASN), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) genes in mesenteric adipose tissue tended to be decreased (0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10), and the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) gene tended to be increased (0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10); in perirenal adipose tissue, the expressions of FASN and UCP2 genes were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while that of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase β1 (AMPKβ1) gene was significantly increased (P<0.05), and that of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) gene tended to be increased (0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10). These results indicate that feeding restriction during mid-gestation decreases contents of lipid metabolism regulator factors (leptin and adiponectin), increases contents of lipid metabolites (free fatty acids), and affects fatty acid composition (decreases PUFA content), down-regulates gene (FASN and SCD1) expressions related to lipid synthesis, up-regulates gene (CPT1A) expression related to lipid mobilization, and down-regulates gene (UCP2) expression related to basal energy metabolism in VAT of dams, thereby attenuates lipid anabolism and enhances lipid mobilization in VAT to regulate body energy balance.

Key words： feeding restriction; mid-gestation; fatty acids; lipid metabolism; goat

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