动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 7: 2690 - 2699

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.07.029

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

抗菌肽Sublancin对肉鸡生长性能、养分利用及盲肠菌群的影响

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  • 1. 北京龙科方舟生物工程技术有限公司, 北京 100193;
    2. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 北京 100193;
    3. 华中农业大学动医动科学院, 武汉 430070;
    4. 北京生物饲料添加剂重点实验室, 北京 100193
丁修良(1980-),男,山东莱芜人,硕士研究生,从事抗菌肽、微生态制剂和发酵饲料研究。E-mail:dingxl@nferc.org

收稿日期: 2018-04-01

  网络出版日期: 2018-07-20

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0501308）

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Effects of Antimicrobial Peptide Sublancin on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Cecal Microbiota of Broilers

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  • 1. Beijing Longkefangzhou Bio-Engineering Tchnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
    4. Beijing Bio-Feed Additive Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2018-04-01

  Online published: 2018-07-20

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摘要

通过2个试验研究抗菌肽Sublancin对肉鸡生长性能、养分利用和盲肠菌群的影响。试验1：选取432只1日龄爱拔益加肉公鸡，随机分为4组（每组6个重复，每个重复18只鸡），分别为对照组（饲喂不含抗生素的基础饲粮）、抗生素组（饲喂基础饲粮+20 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素）、低剂量抗菌肽组（饲喂基础饲粮+150 mg/kg Sublancin）和高剂量抗菌肽组（饲喂基础饲粮+300 mg/kg Sublancin），试验持续42 d。于试验第1天、第21天和第42天时，对肉鸡称重、结料，计算平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料转化率；于试验第21和第42天时，每个重复随机抽取1只鸡，收集盲肠食糜用于分析盲肠菌群。试验2：选取288只1日龄爱拔益加肉公鸡，随机分成3组（每组8个重复，每个重复12只鸡），分别为对照组（饲喂不含抗生素的基础饲粮）、抗生素组（饲喂基础饲粮+80 mg/kg金霉素）和抗菌肽组（饲喂基础饲粮+300 mg/kg Sublancin），试验持续28 d。于试验第1天和第21天，对肉鸡称重、结料，计算平均日采食量、平均日增重和饲料转化率；试验第19~21天收集粪尿，测定养分表观代谢率和氮沉积；于试验第22天，每只肉鸡灌服1 mL大肠杆菌K88菌悬液（109 CFU/mL），第28天时每个重复选取1只鸡，收集盲肠食糜用于分析盲肠菌群。结果显示：与对照组相比，饲粮中添加300 mg/kg抗菌肽Sublancin或20 mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素显著提高试验前期（1~21 d）、后期（22~42 d）以及全期（1~42 d）肉鸡的平均日增重和饲料转化率（P<0.05），并显著降低试验第21天和第42天肉鸡盲肠中大肠杆菌和总需氧菌数量（P<0.05）。300 mg/kg Sublancin组与抗生素组肉鸡的生长性能无显著差异（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，饲粮添加300 mg/kg抗菌肽Sublancin或80 mg/kg抗生素金霉素显著提高了粗蛋白质表观代谢率和氮沉积率（P<0.05）。抗菌肽组肉鸡的养分表观代谢率和氮沉积率与抗生素组没有显著差异（P>0.05）。抗菌肽组肉鸡的氮沉积量显著高于对照组和抗生素组（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，饲粮添加300 mg/kg抗菌肽Sublancin或80 mg/kg抗生素金霉素显著降低了感染大肠杆菌K88肉鸡盲肠中大肠杆菌的数量（P<0.05），抗菌肽组与抗生素组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。由此得出，抗菌肽Sublancin用于肉鸡饲粮中抗生素替代物具有潜在的价值。饲粮中添加300 mg/kg抗菌肽Sublancin可通过提高养分利用率，减少肠道有害细菌数量来提高肉鸡的生长性能。

关键词： 抗菌肽Sublancin; 肉鸡; 生长性能; 肠道菌群; 抗生素替代物

本文引用格式

丁修良, 赵建飞, 王帅, 于海涛, 曾祥芳, 陈红羽, 谯仕彦 . 抗菌肽Sublancin对肉鸡生长性能、养分利用及盲肠菌群的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(7) : 2690 -2699 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.07.029

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of antimicrobial peptide Sublancin on growth performance, nutrient utilization and cecal microbiota of broilers. In experiment 1 (Exp.1), a total of 432 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were allotted to 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 broilers per replicate. The broilers in control group were fed a basal diet without antibiotic, and the broilers in antibiotic group, low-dose antimicrobial peptide group and high-dose antimicrobial peptide group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg colistin sulfate, 150 mg/kg Sublancin and 300 mg/kg Sublancin, respectively. The Exp.1 lasted for 42 days. On the day 1, 21 and 42, the broilers were weighted and the feed intakes were counted to calculate the average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR); on the day 21 and 42, one broiler was selected in each replicate, and the cecal digesta were collected to analyze the cecal bacterial populations. In experiment 2 (Exp.2), a total of 288 one-day-old Arbor Acres male broilers were assigned to 3 groups with 8 replicates per group and 12 broilers per replicate. The broilers in control group were fed the basal diet without antibiotic, and the broilers in antibiotic group and antimicrobial peptide group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 80 mg/kg chlortetracycline and 300 mg/kg Sublancin, respectively. The Exp.2 lasted for 28 days. On the day 1 and 21, the broilers were weighted and the feed intakes were counted to calculate the ADFI, ADG and FCR; on the day 19 to 21, feces and urine were collected to measured the nutrient apparent metabolic rate and nitrogen retention; on the day 22, each broiler administered orally 1 mL bacterial suspension of Escherichia coli (E. coli) K88 (109 CFU/mL), one broiler was selected in each replicate on day 28, and the cecal digesta were collected to analyze the cecal bacterial populations. The results showed as follows:compared with the control group, diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide Sublancin or 20 mg/kg antibiotic colistin sulfate could significantly increase the ADG and FCR in starter phase (1 to 21 days), finisher phase (22 to 42 days) and overall phase (1 to 42 days) of Exp.1 (P<0.05), and could significantly decrease the populations of total aerobic bacteria and E. coli in cecum on day 21 and 42 (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in growth performance between 300 mg/kg Sublancin group and antibiotic group (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide Sublancin or 80 mg/kg antibiotic chlortetracycline could significantly increase the crude protein apparent metabolic rate and nitrogen retention rate (P<0.05). No significant differences were found in nutrient apparent metabolic rate and nitrogen retention rate between antimicrobial peptide group and antibiotic group (P>0.05). The nitrogen retention in antimicrobial peptide group was significantly higher than that in control group and antibiotic group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide Sublancin or 80 mg/kg antibiotic chlortetracycline could significantly decrease the populations of cecal E. coli of broilers after challenge with E. coli K88 (P<0.05), but the populations of cecal E. coli in antimicrobial peptide group and antibiotic group had no significant difference (P>0.05). Results from this study suggest that antimicrobial peptide Sublancin could be used as a potential antibiotic alternative in broilers' diets. Diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg antimicrobial peptide Sublancin can enhance broilers' growth performance through increasing nutrient utilization and reducing the populations of intestinal pathogens.

Key words： antimicrobial peptide Sublancin; broilers; growth performance; intestinal microbiota; antibiotic alternative

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