动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 7: 2807 - 2816

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.07.042

饲料资源开发 Feed Resources Development

发酵白酒糟对断奶仔猪生长性能、消化代谢和氮排放的影响

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  • 1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 动物营养生理与代谢过程实验室, 长沙 410125;
    2. 南京农业大学, 动物医学院, 南京 210095
黎智华(1992-),女,四川仪陇人,硕士研究生,从事中草药饲料添加剂研究。E-mail:zhli92@126.com

收稿日期: 2017-12-14

  网络出版日期: 2018-07-20

基金资助

长沙市科技计划重大专项（kq1703007）；湖南省重点研发计划项目（2016NK2208）；湖南省战略性新兴产业科技攻关项目（2014GK1007）

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Effects of Fermented Distiller's Grains on Growth Performance, Digestibility and Metabolism, and Nitrogen Excretion of Weaned Piglets

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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received date: 2017-12-14

  Online published: 2018-07-20

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摘要

为了研究发酵白酒糟对断奶仔猪生长性能、消化代谢和氮排放的影响，选用21日龄断奶的去势杜×长×大公猪24头，随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复1头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别用2%、4%和6%发酵白酒糟等比例替代基础饲粮。分别于平均体重为10和25 kg左右时，试验猪转入代谢笼内进行消化代谢试验。每个试验期为1周，前4 d为适应期，后3 d为粪尿收集期。记录仔猪的日采食量，并于每次试验开始和结束时称取空腹体重。采用全收粪法测定断奶仔猪对常规营养成分和氨基酸的表观消化率以及氮排放量。结果表明：与对照组相比，在10 kg断奶仔猪试验中，2%发酵白酒糟组的表观消化能和尿氮量显著降低（P<0.05），其他营养物质表观消化率无显著差异（P>0.05）；4%和6%发酵白酒糟组的总能、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和脯氨酸的表观消化率、表观代谢能和表观消化能均显著降低（P<0.05）。在25 kg断奶仔猪试验中，2%发酵白酒糟组的干物质、粗灰分和粗脂肪表观消化率差异不显著（P>0.05），平均日增重显著增加（P<0.05）；6%发酵白酒糟组的蛋氨酸表观消化率显著下降（P<0.05）；2%、4%和6%发酵白酒糟组的摄入氮量、吸收氮量、沉积氮量、粗蛋白质和总能的表观消化率、氮表观消化率、表观代谢能和表观消化能均显著降低（P<0.05），粪氮量显著增加（P<0.05）。由上可见，饲粮添加2%发酵白酒糟不影响断奶仔猪对干物质的表观消化率，可增加其生长性能；长期高剂量添加发酵白酒糟在一定程度上降低了断奶仔猪对常规营养成分的消化代谢。

关键词： 发酵白酒糟; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 消化率; 氮排放

本文引用格式

黎智华, 张婷, 苏家宜, 王德云, 孔祥峰 . 发酵白酒糟对断奶仔猪生长性能、消化代谢和氮排放的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(7) : 2807 -2816 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.07.042

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented distiller's grains (FDG) on growth performance, digestibility and metabolism, and nitrogen (N) excretion of weaned piglets. A total of 24 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire barrows weaned at 21 days of age were randomly assigned into one of four groups with 6 replicates in each group and 1 pig in each replicate. The piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet, and in the other three groups were fed the basal diet containing 2%, 4% or 6% FDG, respectively. The digestion and metabolism trials were carried out at 10 kg and 25 kg of average body weight (BW), respectively, after the piglets were transferred to metabolic cages. Each trial lasted for one week, including a 4-day adaptation period followed by 3 days for collection of feces and urine. Feed intake per piglet was recorded daily, and the BW was got at the beginning or end of each trail. The digestibility rates of routine nutrients and amino acids were calculated with total collection of feces and urine, as well as nitrogen excretion of piglets. The results showed that, in the trial of 10 kg BW, compared with the control group, the apparent digestible energy (ADE) and urinary N in the 2% FDG group decreased (P<0.05), while apparent digestibility rates of other nutrients had no significant differences (P>0.05); apparent digestibility rates of gross energy (GE), lysine, methionine (Met) and proline significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the 4% and 6% FDG groups, as well as apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and ADE (P<0.05). In the trial of 25 kg BW, compared with the control group, apparent digestibility rates of dry matter (DM), crude ash and ether extract had no significant differences in the 2% FDG group (P>0.05), but the average daily gain significantly increased (P<0.05); digestibility rate of Met significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the 6% FDG group; the contents of N intake, absorbed N, retained N and N apparent digestibility significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the 2%, 4%, and 6% FDG groups, as well as the apparent digestibility rates of crude protein, GE, AME and ADE (P<0.05), while the fecal N content significantly increased (P<0.05). These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with 2% FDG does not affect the DM apparent digestibility and improves growth performance of weaned piglets; supplementation with higher levels of FDG for long period decreases the digestion and metabolism of routine nutrients to a certain extent.

Key words： fermented distiller's grains; weaned piglets; growth performance; digestibility; nitrogen excretion

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