动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 11: 4482 - 4489

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.11.025

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

达氏鳇幼鱼对6种蛋白质原料中营养物质的表观消化率

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  • 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所, 农业部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室, 武汉 430223
吴金平(1989-),男,湖北武汉人,助理研究员,硕士,从事鲟鱼营养与饲料研究。E-mail:Wujinping@yfi.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2018-04-20

  网络出版日期: 2018-11-20

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系专项资金（CARS-46）

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Nutrient Apparent Digestibility in Six Protein Ingredients for Juvenile Kaluga (Huso dauricus)

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  • Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, China

Received date: 2018-04-20

  Online published: 2018-11-20

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摘要

为了解达氏鳇（Huso dauricus）幼鱼对不同蛋白质原料的消化能力，以0.4%的二氧化钛（TiO2）为指示剂，分别将鱼粉、鸡肉粉、肉骨粉、羽毛粉、双低菜粕和玉米蛋白粉这6种蛋白质原料与基础饲料按照3∶7的比例配制试验饲料，测定达氏鳇幼鱼对这6种蛋白质原料中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能和总氨基酸的表观消化率。试验选取初始体质量为（66.79±2.18）g的达氏鳇幼鱼420尾，随机分为7组，每组3个重复，每个重复放鱼20尾。基础饲料投喂2周后，开始用试验饲料投喂，试验饲料投喂1周后采用捞网收集成形的粪便，共收集10 d。结果表明：达氏鳇幼鱼对鱼粉、鸡肉粉、肉骨粉、羽毛粉、双低菜粕和玉米蛋白粉这6种蛋白质原料中干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能和氨基酸的表观消化率分别为54.79%~88.07%、73.62%~89.47%、99.80%~100.74%、66.64%~89.24%、51.27%~98.62%。在6种蛋白质原料中，粗脂肪的表观消化率均在99%以上，而干物质、粗蛋白质和总能表观消化率则以鱼粉和鸡肉粉较高，玉米蛋白粉和双低菜籽粕次之，肉骨粉和羽毛粉较差。其中，鱼粉的粗蛋白质表观消化率最高，为89.47%，显著高于其他蛋白质原料（P<0.05）；鸡肉粉次之，为81.14%，与肉骨粉、双低菜籽粕和玉米蛋白粉差异不显著（P>0.05）；羽毛粉的粗蛋白质表观消化率最低，为73.62%，与肉骨粉差异不显著（P>0.05），与其他蛋白质原料差异显著（P<0.05）。各蛋白质原料中总氨基酸的表观消化率与粗蛋白质的表观消化率的变化趋势基本一致。由此可知，对于达氏鳇幼鱼饲料，鱼粉是最佳的蛋白质来源，鸡肉粉、玉米蛋白粉和双低菜籽粕亦可以作为其优质的蛋白质来源，而羽毛粉和肉骨粉作为蛋白质来源时，要控制其在饲料中的用量。

关键词： 达氏鳇幼鱼; 蛋白质原料; 营养物质; 表观消化率

本文引用格式

吴金平, 褚志鹏, 陈细华, 唐丹, 乔新美, 李创举, 岳华梅, 阮瑞, 刘伟 . 达氏鳇幼鱼对6种蛋白质原料中营养物质的表观消化率[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(11) : 4482 -4489 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.11.025

Abstract

In order to evaluate the digestive ability of different protein ingredients for juvenile kaluga (Huso dauricus), the test diets were consisted of 70% basal diet and 30% test ingredients, including fish meal, chick meal, feather meal, meat and bone meal, corn gluten meal and canola meal, and using 0.4% titanium dioxide (TiO2) as an indicator to determine the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, gross energy and amino acids. The juvenile kaluga with an average body weight of (66.79±2.18) g were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 20 fish per replicate. The test fish fed the basal diet for 2 weeks, then fed the test diets for 1 weeks, and the fecal samples were collected for 10 days with a fine mesh net. The results showed that the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, gross energy and total amino acids in fish meal, chick meal, meat and bone meal, feather meal, canola meal and corn gluten meal were 54.79% to 88.07%, 73.62% to 89.47%, 99.8% to 100.74%, 66.62% to 103.18% and 51.27% to 98.62%, respectively. Among the six protein ingredients, the apparent digestibility of crude lipid was ≥ 99%, the higher apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy was observed in fish meal and chick meal, followed by corn gluten meal and canola meal, and feather meal and meat and bone meal presented the worse. The crude protein apparent digestibility of fish meal was the highest, at 89.47%, which was significantly higher than other protein ingredients (P<0.05). The chicken meal was followed by 81.14%, and there was no significant difference compared with meat and bone meal, canola meal and corn gluten meal (P>0.05); the crude protein apparent digestibility of feather meal was the lowest, at 73.62%, and there was no significant difference compared with meat and bone meal (P>0.05)and it was significantly different from other protein ingredients (P<0.05). The variation trend of the apparent digestibility of total amino acids was basically consistent with that of crude protein apparent digestibility. In conclusion, for juvenile kaluga diet, fish meal is the best protein source, chick meal, canola meal and corn gluten meal may be used as the good protein sources. When the feather meal and meat and bone meal are added as the protein sources, the added level in the diet must be controlled.

Key words： juvenile kaluga (Huso dauricus); protein ingredient; nutrient; apparent digestibility

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