动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 11: 4514 - 4525

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.11.028

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

多鳞对饲料中n-3高不饱和脂肪酸需要量的研究

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  • 1. 广东海洋大学水产学院, 水产动物营养与饲料实验室, 湛江 524088;
    2. 农业部华南水产与畜禽饲料重点实验室, 湛江 524000
何昊伦(1993-),男,广东深圳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物营养与饲料。E-mail:649410292@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-04-23

  网络出版日期: 2018-11-20

基金资助

渔港建设和渔业产业发展专项（A201608C06）；湛江市财政资金科技专项竞争性分配项目（2016A3022）；广东省省级科技计划项目（2015A020209170）；现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助（CARS-47）

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Requirement of Dietary n-3 Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids of Sillago sihama

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  • 1. Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524000, China

Received date: 2018-04-23

  Online published: 2018-11-20

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摘要

本试验旨在研究多鳞对饲料中n-3高不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）的需要量。挑选均重为（6.0±0.6）g的多鳞幼鱼540尾，随机分为6组，每组3个重复，每个重复30尾鱼。各组分别投喂n-3HUFA水平为0.53%、0.80%、1.22%、1.62%、2.12%和2.56%的等氮等脂饲料8周。结果表明：1）2.12%组的增重率和特定生长率最高，显著高于0.53%组（P<0.05）；2.12%组的饲料系数最低，显著低于0.53%组（P<0.05）；2.12%组的肝体比最低，显著低于0.53%组和0.80%组（P<0.05）；2.12%组的肥满度最高，显著高于除1.62%组外的其他各组（P<0.05）。2）各组之间的全鱼水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分含量无显著差异（P>0.05）；1.62%组的全鱼粗脂肪含量最高，显著高于除1.62%组外的其他各组（P<0.05）。3）2.56%组的血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量显著高于除2.12%组外的其他各试验组（P<0.05），0.80%组的血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），1.22%组的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性显著低于其他各组（P<0.05），0.80%组的血清谷草转氨酶（AST）活性显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）；0.53%组的血清总胆固醇（T-CHOL）、甘油三酯（TG）含量显著低于其他各组（P<0.05），0.80%组的血清CHOL、TG含量显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）。4）各组之间的血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和酸性磷酸酶（ACP）活性无显著差异（P>0.05），2.12%组和2.56%组的血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著低于除1.62%组外的其他各组（P<0.05），1.62%组的血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著低于除1.22%组和2.12%组外的其他各组（P<0.05）。5）随着饲料n-3HUFA水平的提高，肝脏C18∶3n-3、C20∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3含量显著升高（P<0.05），肝脏C18∶2n-6含量显著降低（P<0.05）。6）随着饲料n-3HUFA水平的提高，肌肉C18∶2n-6、C20∶4n-6含量呈降低趋势，2.12%组和2.56组显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）；肌肉C20∶5n-3、C22∶6n-3含量呈升高趋势，2.56%组显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）。由此可见，以增重率为依据，折线模型拟合得出多鳞幼鱼对饲料中n-3HUFA的需要量为2.21%。

关键词： 多鳞; n-3高不饱和脂肪酸; 生长性能; 血清生化指标; 组织脂肪酸含量

本文引用格式

何昊伦, 董晓慧, 谭北平, 杨奇慧, 迟淑艳, 刘泓宇, 章双, 杨原志, 张海涛 . 多鳞对饲料中n-3高不饱和脂肪酸需要量的研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(11) : 4514 -4525 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.11.028

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the requirement of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3HUFA) of Sillago sihama. A total of 540 juvenile Sillago sihama an with average body weight of (6.0±0.6) g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate. Fish in the six groups were fed the isonitrogenic and isolipidic diets for 8 weeks, and the dietary n-3HUFA levels were 0.53%, 0.80%, 1.22%, 1.62%, 2.12% and 2.56%, respectively. The results showed as follows:1) the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of 2.12% group were the highest and significantly higher than those of 0.53% group (P<0.05); the feed conversion rate of 2.12% group was the lowest and significantly lower than that of 0.53% group (P<0.05); the hepatosomatic index of 2.12% group was the lowest and significantly lower than that of 0.53% and 0.80% groups (P<0.05); the condition factor of 2.12% group was the highest and significantly higher than that of other groups except 1.62% group (P<0.05). 2) There were no significant differences on the contents of moisture, crude protein and crude ash of whole body among all groups (P>0.05); the whole body ether extract content of 1.62% group was the highest and significantly higher than that of other groups except 1.62% group (P<0.05). 3) The serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content of 2.56% group was significantly higher than that of other groups except 2.12% group (P<0.05), the serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) content of 0.80% group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05), the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity of 1.22% group was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05), the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity of 0.80% group was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05); the contents of total cholesterol (T-CHOL) and triglyceride (TG) in serum of 0.53% group were significantly lower than those of other groups (P<0.05), and the contents of T-CHOL and TG in serum of 0.80% group were significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0.05). 4) There were no significant differences on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in serum among all groups (P>0.05), the serum alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity of 2.12% and 2.56% groups was significantly lower than that of other groups except 1.62% group (P<0.05), the serum catalase (CAT) activity of 1.62% group was significantly lower than that of other groups except 1.22% and 1.12% groups (P<0.05). 5) With dietary n-3HUFA level increased, the contents of C18:3n-3, C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 in liver were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the liver C18:2n-6 content was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 6) With dietary n-3HUFA level increased, the contents of C18:2n-6 and C20:4n-6 in muscle were showed a decreasing trend, and those of 2.12% and 2.56% groups were significantly lower than those of other groups (P<0.05); the contents of C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 in muscle were showed a increasing trend, and those of 2.56% group were significantly higher than those of other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, based on the weight gain rate, the requirement of n-3HUFA level in diets for juvenile Sillago sihama determined by broken-line model is 2.21%.

Key words： Sillago sihama; n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid; growth performance; serum biological parameters; tissue fatty acid contents

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