本试验旨在研究博落回生物碱和茶籽多糖对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及脂质过氧化的影响。选取1日龄健康黄羽肉鸡750羽，随机分为5个组，每组6个重复，每个重复25只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加抗生素（1~28日龄为10 mg/kg抗敌素，29~56日龄为5 mg/kg黄霉素；抗生素组）、茶籽多糖（0.04%；多糖组）、博落回生物碱（1~28日龄为10 mg/kg，29~56日龄为20 mg/kg；博落回组）、茶籽多糖（0.04%）+博落回生物碱（1~28日龄为10 mg/kg，29~56日龄为20 mg/kg；多糖+博落回组）。试验期56 d，分为1~28日龄和29~56日龄2个阶段进行。结果表明：1）1~28日龄时，各组黄羽肉鸡的平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）和料重比（F/G）均无显著差异（P>0.05）。29~56日龄和1~56日龄时，博落回组的ADFI显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）；各组的ADG和F/G均无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）28日龄时，与对照组相比，其他各组黄羽肉鸡的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性和尿素氮（UN）含量显著降低（P<0.05），血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性极显著降低（P<0.01）；多糖组、博落回组和多糖+博落回组的血清ALP活性极显著低于抗生素组（P<0.01）。56日龄时，与对照组相比，其他各组的血清ALP活性极显著降低（P<0.01），血清LDH活性显著降低（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，博落回组黄羽肉鸡的胸肌率和腿肌率、多糖组和多糖+博落回组的腿肌率均显著提高（P<0.05）；与抗生素组相比，博落回组和多糖+博落回组的胸肌率和腿肌率及多糖组的腿肌率均显著提高（P<0.05）；博落回组的胸肌率显著高于多糖组（P<0.05）。肌肉于4℃保存2、4、6 d后，与对照组相比，其他各组的肌肉丙二醛（MDA）含量极显著降低（P<0.01）；与抗生素组相比，多糖组、博落回组和多糖+博落回组4℃保存2 d后的肌肉MDA含量极显著降低（P<0.01），4℃保存6 d后的肌肉MDA含量显著降低（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加博落回生物碱和茶籽多糖对黄羽肉鸡的生长性能和血清生化指标均有改善作用，其中，博落回生物碱的作用效果优于茶籽多糖，且二者均能延长鸡肉在4℃时的保存时间；这说明博落回生物碱和茶籽多糖均能替代抗生素在肉鸡中的使用，且二者联用与单独添加效果相当。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Macleaya cordata alkaloids and tea seed polysaccharide on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes and lipid peroxidation of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 750 one-day-old healthy yellow-feathered broilers were randomly allocated to 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 25 broilers per replicate. Broilers in control group were fed a basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with antibiotic (10 mg/kg colistin at 1 to 28 days of age and 5 mg/kg flavomycin at 29 to 56 days of age, antibiotic group), tea seed polysaccharide (0.04%, polysaccharide group), Macleaya cordata alkaloids (10 mg/kg at 1 to 28 days of age and 20 mg/kg at 29 to 56 days of age, Macleaya cordata group), tea seed polysaccharide (0.04%) and Macleaya cordata alkaloids (10 mg/kg at 1 to 28 days of age and 20 mg/kg at 29 to 56 days of age, polysaccharide+Macleaya cordata group). The experiment lasted for 56 days consisting of 2 stages of 1 to 28 days of age and 29 to 56 days of age. The results showed as follows:1) there were no significant differences in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) of yellow-feathered broilers in all groups at 1 to 28 days of age (P>0.05). At 29 to 56 days of age and 1 to 56 days of age, ADFI in Macleaya cordata group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in ADG and F/G in all groups (P>0.05). 2) At 28 days of age, compared with control group, the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and urea nitrogen (UN) content in serum of yellow-feathered broilers in the other groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum in the other groups was significantly decreased (P<0.01). The activity of ALP in serum in polysaccharide group, Macleaya cordata group and polysaccharide+Macleaya cordata group was significantly lower than that in antibiotic group (P<0.01). At 56 days of age, compared with control group, the activities of ALP (P<0.01) and LDH (P<0.05) in serum in the other groups were significantly decreased. 3) Compared with control group, breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate of yellow-feathered broilers in Macleaya cordata group and leg muscle rate in polysaccharide group and polysaccharide+Macleaya cordata group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with antibiotic group, breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate in Macleaya cordata group and polysaccharide+Macleaya cordata group and leg muscle rate in polysaccharide group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Breast muscle rate in Macleaya cordata group was significantly higher than that in polysaccharide group (P<0.05). After 2, 4 and 6 days of muscle preservation at 4℃, compared with control group, muscle malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the other groups was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with antibiotic group, muscle MDA content in polysaccharide group, Macleaya cordata group and polysaccharide+Macleaya cordata group after 2 (P<0.01) and 6 days (P<0.05) of muscle preservation at 4℃ was significantly decreased. In conclusion, dietary Macleaya cordata alkaloids and tea seed polysaccharide can improve growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of yellow-feathered broilers, and the effects of Macleaya cordata alkaloids were better than that of tea seed polysaccharides, and both of them can prolong the storage time of chicken at 4℃. That indicate Macleaya cordata alkaloids and tea seed polysaccharide can replace antibiotic used in broilers, and combined effects are equivalent to individual addition effects.