动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 11: 4729 - 4737

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.11.051

研究简报 Short communications

不同分子质量及不同浓度的壳聚糖对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数及甲烷排放的影响

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  • 1. 北京农学院动物科技学院, 奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室, 北京 102206;
    2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193
张婕(1994-),女,北京人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养与免疫。E-mail:l19791031l@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-04-27

  网络出版日期: 2018-11-20

基金资助

国家“十三五”重点研发计划（2016YFD0700201，2016YFD0700205）；北京市农业局“北京市现代农业产业技术体系奶牛创新团队”；国家自然科学基金项目（31772629，31702302）；2015年大北农青年教师科研基金；2016年北京农学院青年教师科研基金；2017年北京市教委科技计划项目（SQKM201710020011）

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Effects of Different Molecular Weights and Different Concentrations of Chitosan on Rumen in Vitro Fermentation Parameters and Methane Emission in Dairy Cows

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  • 1. Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition of Beijing, College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2018-04-27

  Online published: 2018-11-20

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摘要

本研究旨在探究不同分子质量及不同浓度的壳聚糖对奶牛体外瘤胃发酵参数及甲烷排放的影响。试验选用3头体况相近、健康状况良好、装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛作为试验动物，用于瘤胃液的采集。试验选择分子质量分别为1 000、3 000和50 000 u的壳聚糖，每种分子质量的壳聚糖再分别以底物0.4%、0.8%及1.6%的浓度添加到底物中，共设9个试验组，另外设1组对照组（不添加壳聚糖），每组4个重复，共重复3个批次。体外发酵24 h后，测定产气量、甲烷产量及瘤胃发酵参数。结果表明：与对照组相比，添加壳聚糖可以使瘤胃发酵液氨态氮浓度显著降低（P<0.05），丙酸浓度显著升高（P<0.05），乙酸/丙酸显著降低（P<0.05），促进瘤胃发酵模式的改变。浓度为1.6%、分子质量为50 000 u和浓度为0.8%、分子质量为50 000 u的壳聚糖在不影响干物质消化率的基础上使发酵液甲烷产量有降低趋势（0.05≤P<0.10）。综上，在体外条件下，添加壳聚糖可以有效调节瘤胃微生物发酵状态，综合考虑，添加浓度为1.6%、分子质量为50 000 u的壳聚糖最为适宜。

关键词： 壳聚糖; 瘤胃体外发酵; 奶牛

本文引用格式

张婕, 童津津, 张华, 杨德莲, 孙铭维, 蒋林树, 熊本海 . 不同分子质量及不同浓度的壳聚糖对奶牛瘤胃体外发酵参数及甲烷排放的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(11) : 4729 -4737 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.11.051

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chitosan with different molecular weights and different concentrations on the ruminal fermentation parameters and methane emission of dairy cows. Three healthy Holstein cows with good health status and permanent rumen fistulas were used as experimental animals for the collection of rumen fluid. The chitosan with three different molecular weights of 1 000, 3 000 and 50 000 u were selected for the trial, and each molecular weight of chitosan was added to the substrate at the concentration of 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.6% of the substrate, respectively. A total of nine experimental groups and 1 control group were set up with four replicates in each group and three batches were repeated. After 24 h of in vitro fermentation, gas production, methane production and rumen fermentation parameters were determined. The results showed that compared with the control group, the addition of chitosan significantly reduced the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the rumen fermentation liquor (P<0.05), significantly increased the propionic acid concentration (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the acetate/propionic acid (P<0.05), which promoted changes in the rumen fermentation mode. The chitosan with a concentration of 1.6% and a molecular weight of 50 000 u and with a concentration of 0.8% and a molecular weight of 50 000 u reduced the CH4 production in the fermentation liquor without affecting the dry matter digestibility (0.05 ≤ P<0.10). In summary, the addition of chitosan can effectively regulate the rumen microbial fermentation state under in vitro conditions. Overall consideration, the chitosan with a concentration of 0.6% and a molecular weight of 50 000 u is most suitable.

Key words： chitosan; rumen fermentation in vitro; dairy cow

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