动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 12: 4886 - 4897

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.12.016

猪营养 Swine Nutrition

低出生重对仔猪免疫功能的影响及精氨酸的营养效应

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  • 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室, 雅安 625014
田一航(1993-),女,贵州铜仁人,硕士研究生,从事猪的营养研究。E-mail:1041365342@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-05-10

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金青年项目（31501963）

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Effects of Low Birth Weight on Immune Function of Piglets and the Nutritional Effects of Arginine

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  • Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China

Received date: 2018-05-10

  Online published: 2018-12-19

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摘要

本研究旨在探讨低出生重（LBW）对仔猪免疫功能的影响及饲粮添加精氨酸的营养效应。试验选用30头4日龄的仔猪，包括10头正常出生重（NBW）和20头LBW仔猪，NBW仔猪饲喂基础饲粮（Ⅰ组），LBW仔猪分别饲喂基础饲粮（Ⅱ组）和在基础饲粮中添加1.0% L-精氨酸的饲粮（Ⅲ组），人工乳饲喂21 d。结果表明：1）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅱ组仔猪末重、平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）显著降低（P<0.05），血清免疫球蛋白G含量显著降低（P<0.05），脾脏肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-10和转化生长因子-β1表达量显著降低（P<0.05），脾脏Toll样受体2、核转录因子-κB、髓样分化因子88（MyD88）和p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p38 MAPK）表达量显著降低（P<0.05），胸腺MyD88和p38 MAPK表达量显著降低（P<0.05），胸腺精氨酸酶2（ARG2）表达量显著降低（P<0.05）。2）与Ⅱ组相比，Ⅲ组仔猪末重、ADG和ADFI显著提高（P<0.05），料重比有降低的趋势（P=0.07），脾脏指数显著提高（P<0.05），胸腺指数有提高的趋势（P=0.07），血清免疫球蛋白A（IgA）含量显著提高（P<0.05），血清免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量有提高趋势（P=0.05），脾脏干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）表达量显著提高（P<0.05），脾脏p38 MAPK表达量有提高的趋势（P=0.08）。综上，在本试验条件下，与NBW相比，LBW降低仔猪生长性能、血清IgG含量、脾脏细胞因子基因表达量、脾脏和胸腺免疫相关基因表达量和胸腺ARG2表达量；饲粮添加1.0%精氨酸提高LBW仔猪生长性能、血清IgA和IgM含量、脾脏指数和脾脏IFN-γ表达量，说明饲粮添加精氨酸有改善LBW仔猪免疫功能的作用，部分指标可达到NBW仔猪的水平。

关键词： 低出生重; 精氨酸; 脏器指数; 免疫; 细胞因子

本文引用格式

田一航, 陈代文, 余冰, 何军, 虞洁, 毛湘冰, 罗玉衡, 黄志清, 罗钧秋, 郑萍 . 低出生重对仔猪免疫功能的影响及精氨酸的营养效应[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(12) : 4886 -4897 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.12.016

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low birth weight (LBW) on immune function and the nutritional effects of arginine supplementation for piglets. A total of 30 piglets (4-day-old) including ten normal birth weight (NBW) piglets and twenty LBW piglets were selected. NBW piglets were fed a basal diet (group Ⅰ), and LBW piglets were fed the basal diet (group Ⅱ) and the basal diet supplemented with 1.0% L-arginine (group Ⅲ), respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days feeding the artificial milk. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with group Ⅰ, the final weight, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) content was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β1 in spleen were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the gene expression levels of Toll-like receptor 2, nuclear factor-κB, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) in spleen were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the gene expression levels of p38 MAPK and MyD88 in thymus were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the arginase 2 (ARG2) gene expression level in thymus was significantly decreased (P<0.05) of piglets in group Ⅱ. 2) Compared with group Ⅱ, the final weight, ADG and ADFI were significantly increased (P<0.05), the ratio of feed to gain trended to be increased (P=0.07), the spleen index was significantly increased (P<0.05) and the thymus index tended to be increased (P=0.07), the serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) content was significantly increased and the serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) content tended to be increased (P=0.05), the interferon-γ (IFN-γ) gene expression level in spleen was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the p38 MAPK gene expression level in spleen tended to be increased (P=0.08) of piglets in group Ⅲ. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, the LBW decreases growth performance and serum IgG content, down-regulates the expression level of cytokine genes in spleen, decreases the expression levels of immune function-related genes in spleen and thymus, and reduces ARG2 gene expression level in thymus of piglets. Dietary 1.0% arginine increases growth performance, serum contents of IgA and IgM, spleen index, and IFN-γ gene expression level in spleen, suggesting that arginine improves the immune functions of LBW piglets, some indices can reach the level of NBW piglets.

Key words： low birth weight; arginine; organ index; immune; cytokine

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