动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 12: 5221 - 5229

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.12.051

研究简报 Short communications

多孔氧化锌对断奶仔猪粪便中微量元素含量、盲肠内容物与粪便中短链脂肪酸含量及肠道菌群多样性的影响

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  • 1. 湖南农业大学动物科技学院, 长沙 410128;
    2. 唐人神集团股份有限公司院士工作站, 株洲 412002;
    3. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 中国科学院亚热带农业生态工程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
彭鹏(1981-),男,湖南岳阳人,博士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:pp20130515@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-05-28

  网络出版日期: 2018-12-19

基金资助

国家十三五重点研发计划课题（2018YFD0500605）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（31572419）

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Effects of Porous Zinc Oxide on Fecal Microelement Contents, Short Chain Fatty Acid Contents in Cecum Content and Feces and Intestinal Bacterial Diversity of Weaned Piglets

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China;
    2. Academician Workstation of Tangrenshen Group, Zhuzhou 412002, China;
    3. Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China

Received date: 2018-05-28

  Online published: 2018-12-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加多孔氧化锌对断奶仔猪粪便中微量元素含量、盲肠内容物与粪便中短链脂肪酸含量及肠道菌群多样性的影响。选取192头体重为（6.32±0.24） kg的21日龄断奶仔猪，随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复8头仔猪（公母各占1/2）。其中，A组（正对照组）饲喂在基础饲粮中添加3 000 mg/kg普通氧化锌的饲粮，B组（负对照组）饲喂基础饲粮；C组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加750 mg/kg多孔氧化锌的饲粮，D组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1 500 mg/kg多孔氧化锌的饲粮。试验期14 d。结果显示：1）与A组相比，B组、C组和D组仔猪粪便中锌含量显著降低（P<0.05）；C组仔猪粪便中锰含量显著高于A组和D组（P<0.05），与B组差异不显著（P>0.05）。2）与B组相比，A组、C组和D组盲肠内容物中乙酸含量分别增加33.58%、44.74%、39.79%（P<0.05），C组和D组盲肠内容物中丙酸含量显著增加（P<0.05）；与A组相比，C组和D组盲肠内容物中各短链脂肪酸含量均无显著变化（P>0.05）；各组粪便中各短链脂肪酸含量均无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）与A组相比，B组、C组和D组空肠内容物特有可操作分类单元（OTUs）数大幅度提高，且B组、C组、D组Chao1、ACE指数逐步提高（P>0.05），并有提高Simpson指数的趋势（P=0.095 9）。从菌群门水平分布看，随着多孔氧化锌添加量的增加，厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度增加，变形杆菌门（Proteobacteria）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）相对丰度降低；从菌群属水平分布看，与B组相比，A组、D组链球菌属（Streptococcus）相对丰度增加，乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）相对丰度降低，A组、C组罗斯氏菌属（Rothia）相对丰度增加。由此可见，在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加多孔氧化锌能够提高盲肠内容物中短链脂肪酸含量，有利于提高肠道菌群多样性并改善肠道微生态环境；相比于普通氧化锌，多孔氧化锌还能减少断奶仔猪粪便锌的排放，节约锌资源，减少环境污染。

关键词： 多孔氧化锌; 微量元素; 短链脂肪酸; 肠道菌群; 断奶仔猪

本文引用格式

彭鹏, 陈思佳, 蒋再慧, 汤小朋, 李成良, 邓敦, 罗杰, 王跃丽, 印遇龙, 方热军 . 多孔氧化锌对断奶仔猪粪便中微量元素含量、盲肠内容物与粪便中短链脂肪酸含量及肠道菌群多样性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(12) : 5221 -5229 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.12.051

Abstract

This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of diet supplemented with porous zinc oxide (P-ZnO) on fecal microelement contents, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) contents in cecum content and feces and intestinal bacterial diversity of weaned piglets. A total of 192 piglets weaned at 21 d with the body weight of (6.32±0.24) kg were allocated into 4 groups with 6 replicates and 8 piglets (half male and half female) per replicate. The piglets in group A (positive control group) were fed a basal diet supplemented with 3 000 mg/kg common zinc oxide, the piglets in group B (negative control group) were fed the basal diet, and the piglets in groups C and D were fed the basal diet supplemented with 750 and 1 500 mg/kg P-ZnO, respectively. The experiment lasted for 14 days. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the group A, zinc content in feces of groups B, C and D was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Manganese content in feces of group C was significantly higher than that of groups A and D (P<0.05), but had no significant difference compared with group B (P>0.05). 2) Compared with group B, acetic acid content in cecum content of groups A, C and D was increased by 33.58%, 44.74% and 39.79% (P<0.05), respectively, and propionic acid content in cecum content of groups C and D was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with group A, each SCFA content in cecum content of groups C and D had no significant change (P>0.05). No significant difference in each SCFA content in feces among groups (P>0.05). 3) Compared with group A, operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of groups B, C and D raised substantially, Chao1 and ACE indices raised gradually (P>0.05), and Simpson index had higher tendency (P=0.095 9). Seen from the bacterial distribution at phylum level, the relative abundance of Firmicutes was increased, while the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were decreased. Seen from the bacterial distribution at genus level, compared with group B, the relative abundance of Streptococcus was increased and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was decreased of groups A and D, and the relative abundance of Rothia of groups A and C was increased. In conclusion, the diet of weaned piglet supplemented with porous zinc oxide can increase SCFA contents in cecum content and intestinal bacterial diversity and improve intestinal microenvironment. Compares with zinc oxide, common porous zinc oxide also can decrease fecal zinc emission to save zinc resources and reduce environment pollution.

Key words： porous zinc oxide; microelement; short chain fatty acids; intestinal flora; weaned piglets

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