高蛋白质高钙饲粮对雏鹅内脏型痛风发生、肾脏功能及肠道微生物区系的影响

奚雨萌, 闫俊书, 应诗家, 林丽娟, 施振旦

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.02.017

动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 2: 612 - 621

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.02.017

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

高蛋白质高钙饲粮对雏鹅内脏型痛风发生、肾脏功能及肠道微生物区系的影响

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1. 江苏省农业科学院畜牧研究所, 南京 210014;
2. 福建省畜牧总站, 福州 350003

奚雨萌(1989-),女,河北张家口人,博士,从事水禽健康养殖方向的研究。E-mail:xiyumeng@jaas.ac.cn

收稿日期: 2018-07-04

网络出版日期: 2019-02-18

基金资助

江苏省博士后科研资助计划（2018K060B）

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Effects of High Protein and Calcium Diets on Visceral Gout Development, Kidney Function and Intestinal Microbial Community of Goslings

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1. Animal Husbandry Institute, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
2. Fujian Animal Husbandry Station, Fuzhou 350003, China

Received date: 2018-07-04

Online published: 2019-02-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究高蛋白质高钙饲粮对雏鹅内脏型痛风发生、肾脏功能及肠道微生物区系的影响。选取1日龄扬州白鹅72只，随机分为4组，分别为对照组（蛋白质水平16%、钙水平1%）、高蛋白质组（蛋白质水平22%、钙水平1%）、高钙组（蛋白质水平16%、钙水平3%）、高蛋白质高钙组（蛋白质水平22%、钙水平3%），每组18只。试验期共21 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，高蛋白质组、高钙组和高蛋白质高钙组平均采食量从12日龄起均有不同程度的下降。10日龄时，高蛋白质高钙组体重显著高于高钙组（P<0.05）；21日龄时，高蛋白质组体重显著高于高蛋白质高钙组（P<0.05）。2）试验期间，高蛋白质组、高钙组和高蛋白质高钙组高尿酸血症发病率均接近40%。15日龄时，高蛋白质组、高钙组和高蛋白质高钙组血清尿酸含量均达到阈值，且以高蛋白质高钙组血清尿酸含量最高；高蛋白质组血清尿素氮含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05），高钙组和高蛋白质高钙组血清尿素氮含量极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。21日龄时，各组雏鹅肾脏功能好转。3）高蛋白质组和高钙组盲肠中肠球菌属丰度显著高于对照组（P<0.05），高钙组盲肠中Enterococcus massiliensis丰度显著高于对照组（P<0.05），高蛋白质高钙组盲肠中变形杆菌属丰度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。由此可见，高蛋白质饲粮和高钙饲粮均可造成雏鹅肾脏损伤，诱发痛风，饲粮高钙的危害比高蛋白质更加严重；这种饲粮因素诱发的肾脏损伤与肠球菌属、变形杆菌属等有害菌群丰度增高有关。

关键词： 高蛋白质; 高钙; 雏鹅内脏型痛风; 肾脏功能; 肠道微生物

本文引用格式

奚雨萌, 闫俊书, 应诗家, 林丽娟, 施振旦 . 高蛋白质高钙饲粮对雏鹅内脏型痛风发生、肾脏功能及肠道微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(2) : 612 -621 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.02.017

Abstract

The present study aimed to study of high protein and calcium diets on visceral gout development, kidney function and intestinal microbial community of goslings. Seventy-two 1-day-old Yangzhou goslings were randomly allotted to 4 groups, which were control group (protein level 16%, calcium level 1%), high protein group (protein level 22%, calcium level 1%), high calcium group (protein level 16%, calcium level 3%) and high protein and calcium group (protein level 22%, calcium level 3%), each group contained 18 goslings. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows:1) compare with the control group, the average feed intake of high protein group, high calcium group and high protein and calcium group was decrease in varying degrees. On 10 days of age, the body weight of high protein and calcium group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05); on 21 days of age, the body weight of high protein group was significantly higher than that of high protein and calcium group (P<0.05). 2) The morbidity of hyperuricaemia of high protein group, high calcium group and high protein and calcium group was close to 40% during the experiment period. On 15 days of age, the serum uric acid content of high protein group, high calcium group and high protein and calcium group all reached a threshold level, especially in high protein and calcium group; the serum urea nitrogen content of high protein group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the serum urea nitrogen content of high calcium group and high protein and calcium group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). On 21 days of age, the kidney function of goslings of all groups became better. 3) The abundance of cecum Enterococcus abundance of high protein group and high calcium group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), the cecum Enterococcus massiliensis abundance of high calcium group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), the cecum Proteus abundance of high protein and calcium group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). These results suggest that high protein and calcium diets can damage the kidney of goslings, induce the gout, and dietary high calcium is more harmful than high protein. These kidney injuries caused by dietary factors may related to the high abundance of harmful bacteria such as Enterococcus and Proteus, and so on.

Key words： high protein; high calcium; gosling visceral gout; kidney function; intestinal microorganisms

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