动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 3: 1091 - 1102

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.014

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

母猪妊娠后期和泌乳期饲粮中添加小麦水解蛋白对初乳中氨基酸含量、生长因子和仔猪肠道发育的影响

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  • 1. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193;
    2. 德克萨斯州农工大学动物科学院, 大学城 77843;
    3. 郑州新威营养技术有限公司, 郑州 450100
寇娇(1993-),女,四川苍溪人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与生化研究。E-mail:sckoujiao@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-08-02

  网络出版日期: 2019-03-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31272450，31572412）；智慧郑州1125聚才计划

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Effects of Dietary Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten to Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation on Amino Acid Contents and Growth Factors in Colostrum and Intestine Development of Piglets

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Department of Animal Science, Texas A & M University, College Station 77843, USA;
    3. Zhengzhou Newwill Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450100, China

Received date: 2018-08-02

  Online published: 2019-03-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究母猪妊娠后期和泌乳期饲粮中添加小麦水解蛋白（HWG）对初乳中氨基酸含量、生长因子和仔猪肠道发育的影响，为其在母猪饲粮配制中的应用提供试验依据。试验选用3~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠母猪33头，随机分为3组，每组11头母猪。对照组母猪饲喂基础饲粮，试验组母猪于妊娠第90天至泌乳第21天在基础饲粮中分别添加1%和2% HWG，所有饲粮均等能等氮。结果发现：1）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加1%和2% HWG显著提高了15~21日龄仔猪的平均日增重和仔猪21日龄时的断奶体重（P<0.05），添加1% HWG显著提高了仔猪平均初生重（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加1%和2% HWG显著提高了初乳中组氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸和胰岛素生长因子-I含量（P<0.05），添加1% HWG显著提高了初乳中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、色氨酸和酪氨酸含量（P<0.05），添加2% HWG显著提高了初乳中甘氨酸、丝氨酸、胰岛素和表皮生长因子含量（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加1%和2% HWG显著降低了断奶仔猪血清中的氨含量以及空肠中炎性细胞因子[白细胞介素（IL）-8、IL-6、IL-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）]和回肠中炎性细胞因子（IL-8和TNF-α）的mRNA相对表达量（P<0.05），并显著提高了断奶仔猪十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度的比值（P<0.05）；添加2% HWG显著提高了断奶仔猪血清中白蛋白含量（P<0.05），显著降低了断奶仔猪回肠中炎性细胞因子IL-6的mRNA相对表达量和回肠的隐窝深度（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加1% HWG显著提高了断奶仔猪空肠紧密连接蛋白-4（claudin-4）的表达（P<0.05），添加2% HWG显著提高了断奶仔猪空肠紧密连接蛋白-3（claudin-3）、claudin-4和闭合蛋白（occludin）的表达（P<0.05）。综上所述，母猪妊娠后期和泌乳期饲粮中添加HWG可提高初乳中氨基酸和生长因子水平以及蛋白质的利用效率，改善仔猪的肠道健康和促进生长发育。

关键词： 小麦水解蛋白; 母猪; 氨基酸; 生长因子; 断奶仔猪; 肠道形态; 肠道炎症

本文引用格式

寇娇, 崔璐, 贾海, 陈辉, 戴兆来, 伍国耀, 朱芳周, 武振龙 . 母猪妊娠后期和泌乳期饲粮中添加小麦水解蛋白对初乳中氨基酸含量、生长因子和仔猪肠道发育的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(3) : 1091 -1102 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.014

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary hydrolyzed wheat gluten (HWG) to sows during late gestation and lactation on amino acid contents and growth factors in colostrum and intestine development of piglets, in order to provide the experimental basis for its application in sows feeding preparation. Thirty-three pregnant sows with 3 to 4 parities and similar due dates were selected and randomly allocated to one of three groups with 11 sows per group. The sows in the control group were fed a basal diet, and those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1% and 2% HWG from the 90th day of gestation to the 21st day of lactation, respectively. All the diets were made iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, dietary 1% and 2% HWG significantly increased the average daily gain of piglets from 15 to 21 days of age and the weanling body weight of piglets at 21 days of age (P<0.05), dietary 1% HWG significantly increased the average birth weight of piglets (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, dietary 1% and 2% HWG significantly increased the contents of histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, threonine and insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ in sow's colostrum (P<0.05), dietary 1% HWG significantly increased the contents of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, tryptophan and tyrosine in sow's colostrum (P<0.05), and dietary 2% HWG significantly increased the contents of glycine, serine, insulin and epidermal growth factor in sow's colostrum (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the control group, dietary 1% and 2% HWG significantly decreased the serum ammonia content and mRNA relative expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the jejunum such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and in the ileum such as IL-8 and TNF-α of weaned piglets (P<0.05), and significantly increased the ratio of the villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of weaned piglets (P<0.05). Dietary 2% HWG significantly increased serum albumin content of weaned piglets (P<0.05), significantly decreased the ileal IL-6 mRNA relative expression level and the ileal crypt depth (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, dietary 1% HWG significantly enhanced the protein abundance of claudin-4 (P<0.05), while dietary 2% HWG resulted in enhancing protein abundances of claudin-3, claudin-4 and occludin in the jejunum of weaned piglets (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary HWG to sows during late gestation and lactation can improve the levels of amino acids and growth factors in colostrum and the utilization efficiency of protein, thus promoting the intestinal health and growth of piglets.

Key words： hydrolyzed wheat gluten; sows; amino acids; growth factors; weaned piglets; intestine morphology; intestine inflammation

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