动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 3: 1342 - 1351

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.041

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

牛至油和过瘤胃赖氨酸组合添加对奶牛产奶性能和氮排泄的影响

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  • 1. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院, 青岛 266109;
    2. 莱阳市团旺畜牧兽医工作站, 莱阳 265217;
    3. 青岛市崂山区农业和水利局, 青岛 266061;
    4. 平度市畜牧兽医局, 青岛 266700
张凯祥(199-),男,山东莱州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:18363976021@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-08-02

  网络出版日期: 2019-03-18

基金资助

山东省现代农业产业技术体系牛产业创新团队（SDAIT-09-08）

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Effects of Combined Supplementation of Oregano Oil and Rumen-Protected Lysine on Lactation Performance and Nitrogen Excretion of Dairy Cows

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
    2. Workstation of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Tuanwang for Laiiyang City, Laiyang 265217, China;
    3. Agriculture and Water Conservancy Bureau of Laoshan, Qingdao 266061, China;
    4. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Pingdu, Qingdao 266700, China

Received date: 2018-08-02

  Online published: 2019-03-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究牛至油（Oo）和过瘤胃赖氨酸（RPLys）组合添加对奶牛产奶性能和氮排泄的影响。选取年龄、体重、胎次、产奶量、乳成分及泌乳期[（105±15）d]相近，体况良好的荷斯坦奶牛40头，随机分为10组，每组4头。对照组（C组）饲喂基础饲粮，各试验组在基础饲粮中添加不同水平组合的Oo和RPLys。其中，Oo设3个添加水平，分别为11.5（L）、13.0（M）、14.5 g/（d·头）（H）；RPLys设3个添加水平，分别为27.5（L）、30.0（M）、32.5 g/（d·头）（H），共组成9个组合，分别为LL、LM、LH、ML、MM、MH、HL、HM、HH组（第1个字母为Oo添加水平，第2个字母为RPLys添加水平）。预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果显示：1）各试验组的产奶量均极显著高于C组（P<0.01），以MM组最高。2）各试验组的乳脂率和乳蛋白率不同程度地高于C组，且以MM组最高，极显著高于C组（P<0.01）；各试验组的乳体细胞数均极显著低于C组（P<0.01），以MM组最低。3）各试验组的乳氮、氮沉积和氮表观消化率均极显著高于C组（P<0.01），且均以MM组最高；LL、LM、LH、ML、MM、MH、HL、HM、HH组总氮排泄量比C组分别降低了6.63%（P<0.01）、9.29%（P<0.01）、7.73%（P<0.01）、11.81%（P<0.01）、18.21%（P<0.01）、15.06%（P<0.01）、10.83%（P<0.01）、11.27%（P<0.01）和6.95%（P<0.01），以MM组最低。本试验结果表明，饲粮中联合添加Oo和RPLys可以提高奶牛的产奶性能、降低氮排泄量；综合考虑以上各指标，最佳组合为Oo 13.0 g/（d·头）、RPLys 30.0 g/（d·头）。

关键词： 牛至油; 过瘤胃赖氨酸; 产奶性能; 氮排泄

本文引用格式

张凯祥, 邢德芳, 高许雷, 滕乐帮, 吕永艳, 孙国强 . 牛至油和过瘤胃赖氨酸组合添加对奶牛产奶性能和氮排泄的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(3) : 1342 -1351 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.041

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of combined supplementation of oregano oil (Oo) and rumen-protected lysine (RPLys) on lactation performance and nitrogen excretion of dairy cows. Forty healthy Holstein lactating dairy cows with similar age, body weight, parity, milk yield, milk composition and lactation period[(105±15) days post-calving)] were divided into 10 groups with 4 cows per group. The cows in control (C) group were fed a basal diet, while those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with different supplemental levels of Oo[11.5 (L), 13.0 (M) and 14.5 g/(d·cow) (H)] and RPLys[27.5 (L), 30.0 (M) and 32.5 g/(d·cow) (H)] to constitute 9 combinations, which were named as LL, LM, LH, ML, MM, MH, HL, HM and HH groups (first letter indicated Oo supplemental level, and the second letter indicated RPLys supplemental level), respectively. The pre-experiment lasted for 15 days, and the experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) milk yield in experimental groups was extremely significantly higher than that in C group (P<0.01), and it in MM group had the highest value. 2) Milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage in experimental groups were higher than those in C group in different degrees, and both of them in MM group had the highest values, which were extremely significantly higher than those in C group (P<0.01); milk somatic cell count in experimental groups was extremely significantly reduced compared with C group (P<0.01), and MM group was the lowest. 3) Compared with C group, milk nitrogen, nitrogen deposition and nitrogen apparent digestibility in experimental groups were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01), and all of them in MM group had the lowest values; compared with C group, total nitrogen excretion in LL, LM, LH, ML, MM, MH, HL, HM and HH groups was decreased by 6.63% (P<0.01), 9.29% (P<0.01), 7.73% (P<0.01), 11.81% (P<0.01), 18.21% (P<0.01), 15.06% (P<0.01), 10.83% (P<0.01), 11.27% (P<0.01) and 6.95% (P<0.01), respectively, and MM group was the lowest. The results indicate that combined supplementations of Oo and RPLys can improve lactation performance and reduce nitrogen excretion; considering all the above indexes, the optimal combination is 13.0 g/(d·cow) Oo and 30.0 g/(d·cow) RPLys.

Key words： oregano oil; rumen-protected lysine; lactation performance; nitrogen excretion

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