动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 3: 1442 - 1451

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.053

研究简报 Short Communications

低氮条件下饲粮能量水平对藏羊体外发酵特性及产气量的影响

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  • 1. 草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州大学生命科学学院, 兰州 730000;
    2. 青藏高原生态系统管理国际中心, 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 兰州 730020;
    3. 中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院, 兰州 730000
王文基(1994-),男,甘肃武威人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail:wangwj2016@lzu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2018-08-23

  网络出版日期: 2019-03-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31601960，31672453）；青海省2018年重点研发与转化计划项目（2018-SF-145）；甘肃省科技重大专项（17ZD2WA017）；中央高校基本科研业务费（lzujbky-2018-ct06）

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Effects of Dietary Energy Level under Low Nitrogen Condition on in Vitro Fermentation Characteristics and Gas Production in Tibetan Sheep

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  • 1. School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. International Centre for Tibetan Plateau Ecosystem Management, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3. Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resource, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received date: 2018-08-23

  Online published: 2019-03-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究低氮条件下不同能量水平饲粮对藏羊体外发酵特性及产气量的影响。试验以消化能（DE）分别为7.37（低能，LE）、8.45（中低能，MLE）、9.54（中高能，MHE）和10.62 MJ/kg（高能，HE）且粗蛋白质含量（6.26%）相同的4种饲粮作为发酵底物，以6只自然放牧的藏羊为瘤胃液供体，采用体外发酵法培养72 h，并对产气量、营养物质降解率以及挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度等参数进行测定。结果表明：1）在发酵48和72 h时，HE组干物质降解率（DMD）均显著高于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。在发酵4、8、12、24和72 h时，HE组中性洗涤纤维降解率（NDFD）均显著高于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。在发酵各时间点，HE组酸性洗涤纤维降解率（ADFD）均显著高于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。2）在发酵4、12和24 h时，HE组总产气量均显著高于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。在发酵4、8、12、24和48 h时，HE组甲烷产量均显著低于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。3）在发酵各时间点，HE组氨态氮（NH3-N）浓度均显著高于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。4）在发酵8、12、24、48和72 h时，HE组pH均显著低于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。在发酵各时间点，HE组总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度均显著高于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。在发酵各时间点，HE组丙酸比例均显著高于MHE、MLE和LE组（P<0.05）。综上所述，在低氮条件下，提高饲粮能量水平可显著提高藏羊体外发酵的营养物质降解率，增加TVFA浓度，降低甲烷排放；同时，这也说明了在冷季对藏羊补饲能量饲粮，可优化其瘤胃发酵特性，提高饲粮能量转化效率。

关键词： 藏羊; 能量水平; 体外发酵; 发酵特性

本文引用格式

王文基, 郭亚敏, 康婧鹏, 景小平, 许卫星, 龙瑞军, 尚占环, 周建伟 . 低氮条件下饲粮能量水平对藏羊体外发酵特性及产气量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(3) : 1442 -1451 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.03.053

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary energy level under low nitrogen condition on in vitro fermentation characteristics and gas production in Tibetan sheep. Six Tibetan sheep were chosen as donors for ruminal fluid. Four diets with the same crude protein (6.26%) content but different digestion energy (DE) levels[7.37 (low energy, LE), 8.45 (middle low energy, MLE group), 9.54 (middle high energy, MHE) and 10.62 MJ/kg (high energy, HE)] were selected as substrates for in vitro fermentation. The samples were incubated for 72 h, and gas production, nutrient digestibility and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration were determined. The results showed as follows:1) at 48 and 72 h of fermentation, dry matter degradation in HE group was significantly higher than that in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). At 4, 8, 12, 24 and 72 h of fermentation, neutral detergent fiber degradation in HE group was significantly higher than that in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). At each time point of fermentation, acid detergent fiber degradation in HE group was significantly higher than that in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). 2) At 4, 12 and 24 h of fermentation, total gas production in HE group was significantly higher than that in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). At 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 h of fermentation, methane production in HE group was significantly lower than that in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). 3) At each time point of fermentation, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) concentration in HE group was significantly higher than that in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). 4) At 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of fermentation, pH in HE group was significantly lower than that in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). At each time point of fermentation, total volatile fatty acids concentration and propionic acid percentage in HE group were significantly lower than those in MHE, MLE, LE groups (P<0.05). It is concluded that increasing dietary energy level under low nitrogen condition can increase nutrient degradability and VFA concentration, but decrease methane production. Therefore, supplementing energy feedstuff to improve the energy intake of Tibetan sheep in cold season can improve the rumen fermentation characteristics.

Key words： Tibetan sheep; energy level; in vitro fermentation; fermentation characteristic

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