动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 8: 3561 - 3570

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.017

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶仔猪消化能力、结肠氨氮含量和炎症损伤的影响

  • 董彦强 ,
  • 樊皓月 ,
  • 姚淑华 ,
  • 王昱茜 ,
  • 姚任杰 ,
  • 孔祥雨 ,
  • 杨菊 ,
  • 陈代文 ,
  • 任志华 ,
  • 邓俊良
展开
  • 1. 四川农业大学动物医学院, 动物疫病与人类健康四川省重点实验室, 环境公害与动物疾病四川省高校重点实验室, 成都 611130;
    2. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 成都 611130
董彦强(1993-),男,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养代谢病。E-mail:1763505902@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-01-31

  网络出版日期: 2019-08-19

基金资助

国家“十三五”重点研发计划“猪碳水化合物、蛋白质和能量代谢失衡防控技术研究”项目（2016YFD0501204）；四川农业大学双支计划（03570806）

收起

Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Digestive Ability, Colonic Ammonia Nitrogen Content and Inflammatory Injury of Weaned Piglets

  • DONG Yanqiang ,
  • FAN Haoyue ,
  • YAO Shuhua ,
  • WANG Yuxi ,
  • YAO Renjie ,
  • KONG Xiangyu ,
  • YANG Ju ,
  • CHEN Daiwen ,
  • REN Zhihua ,
  • DENG Junliang
Expand
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Animal Disease of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received date: 2019-01-31

  Online published: 2019-08-19

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶仔猪消化能力、结肠氨氮（AN）含量和结肠炎症损伤的影响。选取96头25日龄断奶的杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪，适应饲养7 d后随机分成4组，分别饲喂18%、20%、22%和24%粗蛋白质水平的饲粮，并于饲喂后6、24、48、72和96 h，每组选择4头仔猪前腔静脉采血后屠宰，采样测定胃内容物pH，胃蛋白酶和十二指肠糜蛋白酶活性，结肠AN、血清和结肠白细胞介素（IL）-1β和IL-10含量。结果表明：1）饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶仔猪生长性能无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）除饲喂后48 h外，其余时间点24%粗蛋白质组仔猪胃内容物pH均显著或极显著高于20%粗蛋白质组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；在整个试验期，24%粗蛋白质组仔猪胃蛋白酶、十二指肠糜蛋白酶活性均低于20%粗蛋白质组，其中胃蛋白酶活性在6、72 h时有显著差异（P<0.05），十二指肠糜蛋白酶活性在24、48 h时有显著差异（P<0.05）。3）除饲喂后6 h外，其余时间点24%粗蛋白质组仔猪结肠AN含量均高于18%、20%粗蛋白质组，在24、72 h时有显著或极显著差异（P<0.05或P<0.01）。4）24%粗蛋白质组仔猪结肠IL-1β含量在24~96 h时均显著或极显著高于20%粗蛋白质组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；在整个试验期内，24%粗蛋白质组结肠IL-10含量均低于20%粗蛋白质组，在24、72 h时有显著或极显著差异（P<0.05或P<0.01）。5）相关性分析发现，胃糜蛋白酶活性与结肠AN含量之间呈极显著负相关（P<0.01），结肠AN含量与IL-1β含量、结肠IL-1β与IL-10含量间分别呈显著正相关和负相关（P<0.05）。综上，给断奶仔猪饲喂20%粗蛋白质水平饲粮可通过降低仔猪胃内容物pH、升高胃蛋白酶和十二指肠糜蛋白酶活性来降低结肠AN含量，并降低结肠IL-1β含量、升高IL-10含量，从而减少结肠炎症损伤。

关键词： 断奶仔猪; 粗蛋白质水平; 消化能力; 氨氮; 炎症损伤

本文引用格式

董彦强 , 樊皓月 , 姚淑华 , 王昱茜 , 姚任杰 , 孔祥雨 , 杨菊 , 陈代文 , 任志华 , 邓俊良 . 饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶仔猪消化能力、结肠氨氮含量和炎症损伤的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(8) : 3561 -3570 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.017

Abstract

To investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) level on digestive ability, colonic ammonia nitrogen (AN) content and inflammatory injury of colon of weaned piglets, ninety-six 25-day-old weaned piglets were selected and randomly divided into four groups after 7 days of adaptive feeding. The piglets were fed diets with 18%, 20%, 22% and 24% CP levels, respectively. Four piglets were selected in each group, and collected blood and slaughtered after feeding 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The samples were used for measuring pH, pepsin and duodenal chymotrypsin activities, colonic AN content, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 contents in serum and colon. The results showed as follows:1) dietary CP levels had no significant effect on growth performance of weaned piglets (P>0.05). 2) The pH in gastric contents in 24% CP group was significantly higher than that in 20% CP group (P<0.05 or P<0.01) except for feeding 48 h; the activities of pepsin and duodenal chymotrypsin in 24% CP group were lower than those in 20% CP group during the whole experiment period:the difference in activity of pepsin was significant at 6 and 72 h (P<0.05), and the difference in activity of duodenal chymotrypsin was significant at 24 and 48 h (P<0.05). 3) The content of AN in colon in 24% CP group was higher than that in 18% and 20% CP groups during the experiment except for feeding 6 h, and the difference was significant at 24 and 72 h (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 4) The colonic IL-1β content in 24% CP group was significantly higher than that in 20% CP group at 26 to 96 h (P<0.05 or P<0.01). During the whole experiment period, the colonic IL-10 content in 24% CP group was lower than that in 20% CP group, and the difference was significant at 24 and 72 h (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 5) The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between chymotrypsin activity and AN content in colon (P<0.01), significant positive and negative correlation between AN and IL-1β contents in colon, IL-1β and IL-10 contents in colon, respectively (P<0.05). In conclusion, feeding the diet with 20% CP level to weaned piglets can reduce the content of AN in colon by increasing the activity of chymotrypsin, and decrease the content of IL-1β, increase content of IL-10 in colon, thus reducing the inflammatory injury of colon of weaned piglets.

Key words： weaned piglets; crude protein level; digestive ability; ammonia nitrogen; inflammatory injury

参考文献

[1] RUSSELL W R,GRATZ S W,DUNCAN S H,et al.High-protein,reduced-carbohydrate weight-loss diets promote metabolite profiles likely to be detrimental to colonic health[J].The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2011,93(5):1062-1072.  
[2] 董国忠,周安国,杨凤,等.饲粮蛋白质水平对早期断奶仔猪大肠蛋白质腐败作用和腹泻的影响[J].畜牧兽医学报,1996,27(4):293-302.
[3] 臧凯宏,吴建军,段海婧,等.黄芪甲苷Ⅳ对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠的作用及其机制研究[J].中国临床药理学杂志,2019,35(1):50-53.
[4] 熊鹰,陈如山,王建平,等.结肠康泰对大鼠结肠炎肠组织内TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平的影响[J].中国病理生理杂志,2002,18(9):1137-1138.
[5] 谢全喜,亓秀晔,陈振,等.复合微生态制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(3):850-858.
[6] BRODERICK G A,KANG J H.Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1980,63(1):64-75.  
[7] 罗洪明,陈代文.不同蛋白水平对早期断奶仔猪生产性能、血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料研究,2005(8):3-8.
[8] ALMEIDA V V,NUÑEZ A J C,SCHINCKEL A P,et al.Interactive effect of dietary protein and dried citrus pulp levels on growth performance,small intestinal morphology,and hindgut fermentation of weanling pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2017,95(1):257-269.
[9] ZHENG L F,WEI H K,CHENG C S,et al.Supplementation of branched-chain amino acids to a reduced-protein diet improves growth performance in piglets:involvement of increased feed intake and direct muscle growth-promoting effect[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2016,115(12):2236-2245.  
[10] DUBESKI P L.The living gut:an introduction to micro-organisms in nutrition[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1997,68(1/2):190-192.
[11] PARTANEN K H,MROZ Z.Organic acids for performance enhancement in pig diets[J].Nutrition Research Reviews,1999,12(1):117-145.  
[12] 崔志杰,王利剑,吴飞,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶仔猪胃肠分泌及血清激素水平的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(12):3689-3698.
[13] NYACHOTI C M,OMOGBENIGUN F O,RADEMACHER M,et al.Performance responses and indicators of gastrointestinal health in early-weaned pigs fed low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets[J].Journal of Animal Science,2006,84(1):125-134.  
[14] 郝瑞荣,岳文斌,范志勇,等.日粮蛋白质水平对断奶仔猪肠道发育的影响[J].激光生物学报,2009,18(3):383-388.
[15] EFIRD R C,ARMSTRONG W D,HERMAN D L.The development of digestive capacity in young pigs:effects of age and weaning system[J].Journal of Animal Science,1982,55(6):1380-1387.  
[16] 侯振平,蒋桂韬,吴端钦,等.葡萄糖氧化酶对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标和抗氧化功能及养分消化率的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(10):3482-3488.
[17] 陈代文,杨凤,陈可容,等.仔猪补饲及不同类型的饲粮蛋白质对仔猪小肠黏膜形态结构的影响[J].动物营养学报,1996,8(2):18-24.
[18] 郗伟斌,陈乃明,穆新元,等.不同来源蛋白质及其水平对早期断奶仔猪肠道形态和功能的影响[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2004,35(2):122-126.
[19] MOUILLÉ B,ROBERT V,BLACHIER F.Adaptative increase of ornithine production and decrease of ammonia metabolism in rat colonocytes after hyperproteic diet ingestion[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2004,287(2):G344-G351.
[20] RIST V T S,WEISS E,EKLUND M,et al.Impact of dietary protein on microbiota composition and activity in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets in relation to gut health:a review[J].Animal,2013,7(7):1067-1078.  
[21] LIN H C,VISEK W J.Colon mucosal cell damage by ammonia in rats[J].The Journal of Nutrition,1991,121(6):887-893.  
[22] DARCY-VRILLON B,CHERBUY C,MOREL M T,et al.Short chain fatty acid and glucose metabolism in isolated pig colonocytes:modulation by NH4+[J].Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry,1996,156(2):145-151.  
[23] CLINTON S K,BOSTWICK D G,OLSON L M,et al.Effects of ammonium acetate and sodium cholate on N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced colon carcinogenesis of rats[J].Cancer Research,1988,48(11):3035-3039.
[24] BIKKER P,DIRKZWAGER A,FLEDDERUS J,et al.The effect of dietary protein and fermentable carbohydrates levels on growth performance and intestinal characteristics in newly weaned piglets[J].Journal of Animal Science,2006,84(12):3337-3345.  
[25] PIEPER R,KRÖGER S,RICHTER J F,et al.Fermentable fiber ameliorates fermentable protein-induced changes in microbial ecology,but not the mucosal response,in the colon of piglets[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2012,142(4):661-667.  
[26] WEN X L,WANG L,ZHENG C T,et al.Fecal scores and microbial metabolites in weaned piglets fed different protein sources and levels[J].Animal Nutrition,2018,4(1):31-36.  
[27] 许欣,于成功.中医药治疗溃疡性结肠炎的实验研究[J].长春中医药大学学报,2012,28(1):81-83.
[28] 张海峰,周国雄,张彬.IL-1β在溃疡性结肠炎中的表达及意义[J].南通大学学报(医学版),2016,36(5):417-420.
[29] 吴云鹏,蒋宗勇,林英才,等.饲粮蛋白质来源与水平对21日龄断奶仔猪腹泻机理的研究[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会2013年学术年会论文集.北京:中国畜牧兽医学会,2013.
[30] VAN DER MEIDE P H,SCHELLEKENS H.Cytokines and the immune response[J].Biotherapy,1996,8(3/4):243-249.
[31] 刘青梅,韩辅,陈曦,等.肠康饮对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠血清IL-6、IL-10的影响[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2008,3(5):266-268.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2