猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

重庆地区3个地方品种哺乳仔猪和断奶仔猪结肠菌群比较研究

  • 刘志云 ,
  • 钟晓霞 ,
  • 黄健 ,
  • 谢跃伟 ,
  • 黄金秀
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  • 重庆市畜牧科学院, 农业农村部养猪科学重点实验室, 养猪科学重庆市市级重点实验室, 荣昌 402460
刘志云(1990-),女,河南修武人,硕士研究生,从事饲料资源开发研究。E-mail:liuzhiyun2009.6@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-01-23

  网络出版日期: 2019-08-19

基金资助

国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0500500);农业部饲料资源开发与利用创新团队;国家农用微生物数据观测监测

Comparative Study of Colon Bacteria in Sucking Piglets and Weaned Piglets of Three Different Breeds in Chongqing

  • LIU Zhiyun ,
  • ZHONG Xiaoxia ,
  • HUANG Jian ,
  • XIE Yuewei ,
  • HUANG Jinxiu
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  • Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Rongchang 402460, China

Received date: 2019-01-23

  Online published: 2019-08-19

摘要

本研究旨在通过监测重庆地区特色动物品种合川黑猪、盆周山地猪和荣昌猪断奶前后的结肠菌群结构,比较分析不同猪种断奶前后的结肠菌群组成特点,探讨断奶前后2个阶段以及不同品种对仔猪肠道菌群的影响。试验样品采集于2018年4月,每个猪种随机选取5头哺乳仔猪(21~25日龄,35日龄断奶)和5头断奶仔猪(30~40日龄),无菌采集每头猪的结肠内容物,提取总DNA,利用细菌通用引物对16S rRNA的V3~V4区进行扩增,通过Illumina Hiseq测序平台对扩增产物进行高通量测序,对优化后的测序序列进行统计分析。结果表明:3个地方猪种哺乳仔猪和断奶仔猪的结肠内容物菌群主要由厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)组成。beta多样性分析发现,哺乳仔猪和断奶仔猪的结肠菌群明显分成了2簇,而3个猪种间的结肠菌群未出现明显组内聚类。在门水平上,梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)在哺乳仔猪结肠内容物中的相对丰度均显著高于断奶仔猪(P<0.05),而不同品种间各菌门相对丰度没有显著差异(P>0.05)。在属水平上,拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、红螺菌属(Rhodospirillum)和Bradymonadales 5个主要细菌属在哺乳仔猪结肠内容物中的相对丰度显著高于断奶仔猪(P<0.05),而普氏菌属(Prevotella)、Intestinibacter和溶杆菌属(Solobacterium)等8个主要细菌属在断奶仔猪结肠内容物中的相对丰度显著高于哺乳仔猪(P<0.05);不同品种间仔猪结肠内容物中的真细菌属(Eubacterium)、红螺菌属(Rhodospirillum)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)和琥珀酸弧菌属(Succinivibrio)的相对丰度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,断奶前后2个生长阶段对仔猪结肠菌群的影响较不同品种更为明显。

本文引用格式

刘志云 , 钟晓霞 , 黄健 , 谢跃伟 , 黄金秀 . 重庆地区3个地方品种哺乳仔猪和断奶仔猪结肠菌群比较研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(8) : 3571 -3581 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.018

Abstract

This study was conducted to monitor the colonic flora structure of Hechuan Black pigs, Penzhou Mountain pigs and Rongchang pigs in Chongqing, and compared and analyzed the colonic flora composition characteristics of different pig breeds before and after weaning, then discussed the influence of different breeds on intestinal flora of piglets at two stages before and after weaning. The test samples were collected in April, 2018. Five suckling piglets with 21 to 25 days of age and weaned at 35 days of age as well as five weaned piglets with 30 to 40 days of age were randomly selected from each different breed. After sacrifice, the intestinal content samples from colon of each piglet were collected under aseptic conditions. The total genomic DNA was extracted from the intestinal content samples, and was used as templates to amplify the V3 to V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene by PCR with the universal primers of bacteria. The PCR products were then subjected to high-throughput sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq sequencing platform. Subsequently, the majorized sequences were processed and analyzed. The results showed that the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the major phyla of colon bacterial in both suckling piglets and weaned piglets of 3 pig breeds. Beta diversity analysis result showed that there was an obvious clustering inner group in sucking piglets group and weaned piglets group, while a low clustering result in 3 different pig breeds. At phylum level, the relative abundance of Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia in colon contents of suckling piglets was significantly higher than that of weaned piglets (P<0.05). However, there were no significantly different phyla in 3 pig breeds (P>0.05). At genus level, the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Desulfovibrio, Rhodospirillum and Bradymonadales in colon contents of suckling piglets was significantly higher than that of weaned piglets (P<0.05). The relative abundance of 8 genera, such as Prevotella, Intestinibacter and Solobacterium, was significantly higher in colon contents of weaned piglets than that of suckling piglets (P<0.05). In 3 different pig breeds, the relative abundance of Eubacterium, Rhodospirillum, Ruminococcus and Succinivibrio was significantly different (P<0.05). It is concluded that growth phases of pre- and post-weaning have a more remarkable impact on intestinal flora of piglets than breeds.

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