动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 8: 3784 - 3793

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.040

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

伊利石对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化和免疫功能及肠道形态的影响

  • 胡江旭 ,
  • 龙沈飞 ,
  • 朴香淑
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  • 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
胡江旭(1994-),男,河南周口市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:hujx1007@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-01-29

  网络出版日期: 2019-08-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31772612）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-35）

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Effects of Illite on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity and Intestinal Morphology of Weaned Pigs

  • HU Jiangxu ,
  • LONG Shenfei ,
  • PIAO Xiangshu
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  • State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2019-01-29

  Online published: 2019-08-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加伊利石对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、血清抗氧化和免疫功能、肠道形态及粪便氮素排放的影响。选取144头28日龄健康"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪[平均体重（7.27±0.89）kg]，按完全随机区组设计分为3组，每组8个重复，每个重复6头猪（公母各占1/2）。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 000和4 000 mg/kg伊利石（替代等量的玉米）。试验期28 d。结果表明，与对照组相比：1）试验第1~14天和第1~28天，4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪平均日增重和增重耗料比显著提高（P<0.05）；试验第1~14天，4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪腹泻率显著降低（P<0.05）。2）4 000 mg/kg伊利石组仔猪干物质、粗蛋白质和总能表观消化率在试验第1~14天显著提高（P<0.05），粗蛋白质表观消化率在试验第15~28天显著提高（P<0.05）。3）试验第14天，4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪血清免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白G含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著提高（P<0.05），血清丙二醛含量则显著降低（P<0.05）；试验第28天，4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪血清T-AOC显著提高（P<0.05）。4）4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪空肠和回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度（V/C）值显著升高（P<0.05），试验组回肠绒毛高度（P=0.07）和十二指肠V/C值（P=0.06）有升高的趋势。5）4 000 mg/kg伊利石添加组仔猪每千克体增重粪氮排放量在试验第1~14天显著降低（P<0.05），试验组仔猪在试验第15~28天每千克体增重粪氮排放量有降低的趋势（P=0.06）。综上，饲粮添加4 000 mg/kg伊利石可显著提高断奶仔猪机体抗氧化和免疫功能，改善肠道形态，降低腹泻率，提高养分消化率，减少粪便氮素排放，促进仔猪生长。

关键词： 伊利石; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 抗氧化能力; 养分消化率; 肠道形态

本文引用格式

胡江旭 , 龙沈飞 , 朴香淑 . 伊利石对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化和免疫功能及肠道形态的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(8) : 3784 -3793 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.040

Abstract

The objective of this study was to test the effects of dietary illite on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, serum antioxidant capacity and immunity, intestinal morphology and manure nitrogen output of weaned pigs. A total of 144 weaned pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire), average weight of (7.27±0.89) kg, were randomly allotted to 3 groups with 8 replicate pens (3 barrows and 3 gilts per pen) per group in a randomized complete block design. The pigs in the control group were fed a corn-soybean meal type basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 2 000 and 4 000 mg/kg illite via replacing equal amounts of corn, respectively. The experiment period lasting for 28 d. The results showed that, compared with the control group:1) pigs in 4 000 mg/kg illite supplemental group had significantly greater average daily gain and gain to feed ratio in day 1 to 14 and day 1 to 28 (P<0.05). Pigs in 4 000 mg/kg illite supplemental group had significantly decreased diarrhea rate in day 1 to 14 (P<0.05). 2) Pigs in 4 000 mg/kg illite supplemental group had significantly increased apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy in day 1 to 14, and also had significantly increased crude protein apparent digestibility in day 15 to 28 (P<0.05). 3) Pigs in 4 000 mg/kg illite supplemental group had significantly increased serum contents of immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G, superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as had significantly decreased serum malondialdehyde content at day 14 (P<0.05). Pigs in 4 000 mg/kg illite supplemental group had significantly increased serum T-AOC at day 28 (P<0.05). 4) Pigs in 4 000 mg/kg illite supplemental group had significantly greater villus height to crypt depth ratio (V/C) in jejunum and ileum (P<0.05), and those in the experimental groups tended to have greater villus height in ileum (P=0.07) and V/C in duodenum (P=0.06). 5) The fecal nitrogen excretion per weight gain of pigs in 4 000 mg/kg illite supplemental group was significantly decreased in day 1 to 14 (P<0.05), and that in the experimental groups tended to be decreased in day 15 to 28 (P=0.06). In conclusion, dietary 4 000 mg/kg illite can improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility by means of improving antioxidant capacity, immunity, intestinal morphology, as well as decreasing diarrhea rate and manure nitrogen output of weaned pigs.

Key words： illite; weaned pigs; growth performance; antioxidant capacity; nutrient digestibility; intestinal morphology

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