饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

玉米秸秆青贮、羊草、燕麦草与精饲料组合效应的研究

  • 张一帆 ,
  • 李妍 ,
  • 刘涛 ,
  • 郑玉琳 ,
  • 曹玉凤 ,
  • 高艳霞 ,
  • 张秀江 ,
  • 刘泽 ,
  • 李秋凤 ,
  • 李建国
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  • 1. 河北农业大学动物科技学院, 保定 071001;
    2. 河北农业大学动物医学院, 保定 071001;
    3. 石家庄市动物卫生监督所, 石家庄 050000;
    4. 河北省牛羊胚胎工程技术研究中心, 保定 071001;
    5. 保定市农业局, 保定 071000
张一帆(1995-),男,河北秦皇岛人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物奶牛养殖。E-mail:1093234679@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-02-13

  网络出版日期: 2019-08-19

基金资助

农业部公益性行业专项(201503134);河北省奶牛创新团队项目(HBCT2018120203);国家现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-36)

Combined Effect of Corn Straw Silage, Chinese Wildrye, Oat Grass and Concentrate

  • ZHANG Yifan ,
  • LI Yan ,
  • LIU Tao ,
  • ZHENG Yulin ,
  • CAO Yufeng ,
  • GAO Yanxia ,
  • ZHANG Xiujiang ,
  • LIU Ze ,
  • LI Qiufeng ,
  • LI Jianguo
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
    2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
    3. Shijiazhuang Animal Health Inspection Institute, Shijiazhuang 050000, China;
    4. Embryo Engineering and Technological Center of Cattle and Sheep of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China;
    5. Baoding Animal Husbandry Workstation, Baoding 071000, China

Received date: 2019-02-13

  Online published: 2019-08-19

摘要

本试验旨在利用体外产气法探究混合粗饲料(玉米秸秆青贮+羊草+燕麦草)与精饲料间的最优组合效应。试验采用单因素试验设计进行组合效应筛选,混合粗饲料玉米秸秆青贮∶羊草∶燕麦草为20∶30∶50,与精饲料以100∶0、80∶20、60∶40、50∶50、40∶60、20∶80以及0∶100的比例进行组合,每个组合3个重复。采用体外产气法分析累积产气量和不同组合比例时pH、干物质降解率(DMD)及微生物蛋白(MCP)、氨态氮(NH3-N)、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量变化,计算各组合的单项组合效应指数和多项组合效应指数。结果表明:1)混合粗饲料和精饲料的不同组合比例对产气量均有显著影响(P<0.05),其中48 h产气量的单项组合效应指数在80∶20组最大。2)混合粗饲料和精饲料的不同组合比例对pH影响显著(P<0.05),且0∶100组最低。3)混合粗饲料和精饲料的不同组合比例对DMD影响显著(P<0.05),DMD的单项组合效应指数在20∶80组最大。4)NH3-N含量受混合粗饲料和精饲料的不同组合比例影响显著(P<0.05),以50∶50组NH3-N含量的单项组合效应指数最大。5)混合粗饲料和精饲料的不同组合比例对MCP含量具有显著影响(P<0.05),MCP含量的单项组合效应指数最高值出现在50∶50组。6)混合粗饲料和精饲料的不同组合比例对乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量均有显著影响(P<0.05)。根据多项组合效应指数得出玉米秸秆青贮∶羊草∶燕麦草∶精饲料最优组合比例为10∶15∶25∶50。

本文引用格式

张一帆 , 李妍 , 刘涛 , 郑玉琳 , 曹玉凤 , 高艳霞 , 张秀江 , 刘泽 , 李秋凤 , 李建国 . 玉米秸秆青贮、羊草、燕麦草与精饲料组合效应的研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(8) : 3853 -3862 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.047

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the optimal combined effect between mixed roughage (corn straw silage+Chinese wildrye+oat grass) and concentrate by in vitro gas production method. The single factor experiment design was used to screen the combined effect, the corn straw silage:Chinese wildrye:oat grass was 20:30:50, and the mixed roughage was combined with a concentrate at 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100, respectively, and each combination was repeated three times. In vitro gas production method was used to analyze the cumulative gas production and the changes of pH, dry matter degradation (DMD) and microprotein (MCP), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) contents in different combinations. The single combination effect index (SFAEI) and multiple combination effect index (MFAEI) were calculated. The results showed as follows:1) different combination ratios of mixed roughage to concentrate had significant effects on gas production (P<0.05), and the single combination effect index of gas production at 4 h was the largest in 80:20 group. 2) Different combination ratios of mixed roughage to concentrate had significant effect on pH (P<0.05), and the 0:100 group had the lowest effect. 3) Different combination ratios of mixed roughage to concentrate had significant effects on DMD (P<0.05), and the single combination effect index of DMD was the highest in 20:80 group. 4) The content of NH3-N was significantly affected by different combination ratios of mixed roughage to concentrate (P<0.05), and the single combination effect index of NH3-N content was the highest in 50:50 group. 5) Different combination ratios of mixed roughage to concentrate had significant effect on MCP content (P<0.05), and the highest single combination effect index of MCP content appeared in 50:50 group. 6) The effects of different combination ratios of mixed roughage to concentrate on acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid contents were significant (P<0.05). According to multiple combination effect index, the optimal combination ratio of corn straw silage:Chinese wildrye:oat grass:concentrate is 10:15:25:50.

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