动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 8: 3905 - 3913

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.053

研究简报 Short communications

饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶驴驹营养物质消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响

  • 张士敏 ,
  • 张桂国 ,
  • 张崇玉
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  • 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室, 泰安 271018
张士敏(1988-),男,山东济宁人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:1140593286@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-01-31

  网络出版日期: 2019-08-19

基金资助

山东省现代农业产业技术体系驴创新团队（SDAIT-27）；山东省现代农业产业技术体系牧草产业创新团队（SDAIT-23-05）；山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目“粮改饲高产高效生产利用模式与关键技术的集成示范”；山东省“双一流”奖补资金（SDSYL2016）；山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程（CXGC2017B02）

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Effects of Dietary Crude Protein Level on Nutrient Digestion and Metabolism and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Weaned Donkey Foals

  • ZHANG Shimin ,
  • ZHANG Guiguo ,
  • ZHANG Chongyu
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  • Key Laboratory of Animal Biological Engineering and Disease Control in Shangdong Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

Received date: 2019-01-31

  Online published: 2019-08-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮粗蛋白质（CP）水平对断奶驴驹营养物质消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响。选取体况良好的5~6月龄公驴驹30匹，体重（88.21±5.79）kg，随机分为3组，每组10匹，分别饲喂消化能一致而CP水平分别为12.10%（Ⅰ组）、13.95%（Ⅱ组）和15.87%（Ⅲ组）的试验饲粮。试验期70 d，预试期10 d，正试期60 d；其中前31天为试验前期，后29天为试验后期。结果表明：1）Ⅰ组的粗脂肪（EE）和碳水化合物（CHO）的表观消化率有高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的趋势（P=0.083、P=0.077）。2）Ⅰ组的钙、磷摄入量极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（P<0.01），Ⅲ组的粗纤维（CF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）摄入量极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.01）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的粪中磷含量显著高于Ⅲ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组的粪中ADF含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组的尿中钙含量显著高于Ⅲ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ组的尿中磷含量显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅲ组（P<0.05）。3）Ⅲ组的食入氮极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.01），Ⅲ组的粪氮和沉积氮显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组的尿氮显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅰ组的氮的生物学价值显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组的尿能极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组（P<0.01）。4）试验前期，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的血清总氨基酸含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅰ组的血清免疫球蛋白M（IgM）含量显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05），Ⅲ组的血清补体3（C3）含量显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。试验后期，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的血清总氨基酸含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲粮CP水平的提高增加了CF、ADF摄入量及氮的摄入量、沉积量，提高了血清总氨基酸含量，降低了钙、磷的摄入量及EE、CHO的消化率和氮的生物学价值，同时降低了能量利用率，对钙、磷、CF、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、ADF的消化代谢无影响。本试验条件下，驴驹饲粮的适宜CP水平为12.10%。

关键词： 粗蛋白质水平; 驴驹; 消化代谢; 氨基酸; 免疫

本文引用格式

张士敏 , 张桂国 , 张崇玉 . 饲粮粗蛋白质水平对断奶驴驹营养物质消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(8) : 3905 -3913 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.08.053

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary crude protein (CP) level on nutrient digestion and metabolism and serum biochemical indexes of weaned donkey foals. Thirty 5 to 6-month-old male donkey foals with good body conditions were selected, and the weight was (88.21±5.79) kg, randomly divided into 3 groups, each group contained 10 donkey foals. Donkey foals in the 3 groups were fed the experimental diets which had the same digestive energy and CP levels of 12.10% (group Ⅰ), 13.95% (group Ⅱ) and 15.87% (group Ⅲ), respectively. The trial period lasted for 70 days, with pre-feeding period of 10 days and formal trial period of 60 days, the first 31 days were the early trial stage and the last 29 days were the later trial stage. The results showed as follows:1) the ether extract (EE) and carbohydrate (CHO) apparent digestibility of group Ⅰ were tend to higher than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P=0.083,P=0.077). 2) The intake of calcium and phosphorus of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.01), the intake of crude fiber (CF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.01). The fecal phosphorus content of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅲ (P<0.05), the fecal ADF content of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). The urine calcium content of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅲ (P<0.05), and the urine phosphorus content of groupⅡ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P<0.05). 3) The nitrogen intake of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.01), the fecal nitrogen and retention nitrogen of group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05), the urinary nitrogen of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the biological value of nitrogen of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05), and the urine energy of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.01). 4) In early trial stage, the serum total amino acid content of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05), the serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) content of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ (P<0.05), and the serum complement 3 (C3) content of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ (P<0.05). In later trial stage, the serum total amino acid content of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary CP level increasing can increase the CF, ADF intake and nitrogen intake, and deposition, increase serum total amino acid content, decrease calcium, phosphorus intake and EE, CHO digestibility and biological value of nitrogen, reduce the energy efficiency, but have no effects on digestion and metabolism of calcium, phosphorus, CF, NDF and ADF. Under this experimental condition, the dietary appropriate CP level for donkey foals is 12.10%.

Key words： crude protein level; donkey foals; digestion and metabolism; amino acid; immune

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