动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 9: 4024 - 4032

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.09.014

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响

  • 邓波 ,
  • 门小明 ,
  • 吴杰 ,
  • 吕金辉 ,
  • 卢德秋 ,
  • 冯尚连 ,
  • 徐子伟
展开
  • 1. 浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 杭州 310021;
    2. 哈尔滨兴普饲料有限公司, 哈尔滨 150038
邓波(1972-),男,黑龙江呼兰人,研究员,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:hljdengbo@126.com

收稿日期: 2019-02-25

  网络出版日期: 2019-09-17

基金资助

浙江省重点研发项目（2018C02044）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-36）；浙江省畜禽新品种选育重大科技专项（2016C02054）

收起

Effect of Flaxseed on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Composition of Growing-Finishing Pigs

  • DENG Bo ,
  • MEN Xiaoming ,
  • WU Jie ,
  • LYU Jinhui ,
  • LU Deqiu ,
  • FENG Shanglian ,
  • XU Ziwei
Expand
  • 1. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
    2. Harbin Xingpu Feed Co., Ltd., Harbin 150038, China

Received date: 2019-02-25

  Online published: 2019-09-17

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响。试验选用（52.31±2.28）kg的生长猪72头，按体重随机分为3组，每组4个重复，每个重复6头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加5%和10%亚麻籽的饲粮。试验分2个阶段（50~80 kg和81~110 kg），每个阶段结束时对猪进行称重，试验结束后每栏选2头接近平均体重猪进行麻醉屠宰。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，饲粮添加5%和10%亚麻籽显著降低了生长育肥猪50~80 kg阶段平均日采食量、料重比及50~110 kg阶段料重比（P<0.05），并且10%添加量还显著提高了50~80 kg阶段平均日增重（P<0.05）。2）饲粮添加亚麻籽能显著增加生长育肥猪眼肌面积（P<0.05），但对胴体长、屠宰率、平均背膘厚等胴体性状无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）饲粮添加5%和10%亚麻籽能显著降低生长育肥猪背最长肌n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）值（P<0.05），显著提高α-亚麻酸、二十二碳烯酸、二十二碳二烯酸含量及PUFA总含量（P<0.05），且当添加量达到10%时，还能显著提高背最长肌中油酸和亚油酸含量（P<0.05）。结果提示，亚麻籽能一定程度提高生长育肥猪生长性能，增加背最长肌中n-3 PUFA含量，降低n-6/n-3 PUFA值，且对胴体性状及肉质无负面影响。

关键词： 亚麻籽; 生长育肥猪; 生长性能; 胴体性状; 肉质; 脂肪酸组成

本文引用格式

邓波 , 门小明 , 吴杰 , 吕金辉 , 卢德秋 , 冯尚连 , 徐子伟 . 亚麻籽对生长育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉质和脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(9) : 4024 -4032 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.09.014

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary flaxseed on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality and fatty acid composition of growing-finishing pigs. Seventy-two growing-finishing pigs with average body weight of (52.31±2.28) kg were randomly allotted into 3 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 6 pigs in each replicate. Pig in the control group were fed a basal diet, while those in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 5% and 10% flaxseed, respectively. The entire experiment was divided into two phases (50 to 80 kg and 81 to 110 kg body weight), and all pigs were weighted at the end of each phase. In the end, two pigs with average body weight in each replicate were anaesthetized and slaughtered. The results were showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, 5% and 10% flaxseed supplementation significantly decreased average feed intake and feed to gain ratio of pigs in 50 to 80 kg phase and significantly deceased feed to gain ratio of pigs in 50 to 110 kg phase (P<0.05). Meanwhile, 10% flaxseed supplementation significantly increased average daily gain of pigs in 50 to 80 kg period (P<0.05). 2) The flaxseed supplementation significantly increased eye muscle area (P<0.05), while no significant differences were observed on carcass length, slaughter rate and average backfat thickness of pigs (P>0.05). 3) 5% and 10% flaxseed supplementation significantly decreased the ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (P<0.05), significantly increased the contents of α-linoleic acid, decosahedaenoic acid, docosadienoic acid and total PUFA (P<0.05). Moreover, when the supplementation level reached 10%, the contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid in longissimus dorsi were significantly increased (P<0.05). These results indicate that the supplementation of flaxseed can improve growth performance, increase n-3 PUFA content and decrease n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratio in longissimus dorsi, and show no negative effects on carcass traits and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs.

Key words： flaxseed; growing-finishing pigs; growth performance; carcass traits; meat quality; fatty acid composition

参考文献

[1] VERKERK A,VAN GINNEKEN A,BERECKI G,et al.Incorporated sarcolemmal fish oil fatty acids shorten pig ventricular action potentials[J].Cardiovascular Research,2006,70(3):509-520.  
[2] WIJENDRAN V,HAYES K C.Dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acid balance and cardiovascular health[J].Annual Review of Nutrition,2004,24(1):597-615.  
[3] SHIROUCHI B,NAGAO K,INOUE N,et al.Effect of dietary omega 3 phosphatidylcholine on obesity-related disorders in obese otsuka long-evans tokushima fatty rats[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2007,55(17):7170-7176.  
[4] NUERNBERG K,FISCHER K,NUERNBERG G,et al.Effects of dietary olive and linseed oil on lipid composition,meat quality,sensory characteristics and muscle structure in pigs[J].Meat Science,2005,70(1):63-74.  
[5] CORINO C,MUSELLA M,MOUROT J.Influence of extruded linseed on growth,carcass composition,and meat quality of slaughtered pigs at one hundred ten and one hundred sixty kilograms of liveweight[J].Journal of Animal Science,2008,86(8):1850-1860.  
[6] JUÁREZ M,DUGAN M E R,ALDAI N,et al.Feeding co-extruded flaxseed to pigs:effects of duration and feeding level on growth performance and backfat fatty acid composition of grower-finisher pigs[J].Meat Science,2010,84(3):578-584.  
[7] THACKER P A,RACZ V J,SOITA H W.Performance and carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs fed barley-based diets supplemented with Linpro (extruded whole flaxseed and peas) or soybean meal[J].Canadian Journal of Animal Science,2004,84(4):681-688.  
[8] WOOD J D,ENSER M.Factors influencing fatty acids in meat and the role of antioxidants in improving meat quality[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1997,78(Suppl. 1):S49-S60.
[9] GUILLEVIC M,KOUBA M,MOUROT J.Effect of a linseed diet on lipid composition,lipid peroxidation and consumer evaluation of French fresh and cooked pork meats[J].Meat Science,2009,81(4):612-618.  
[10] BIDNER B S,ELLIS M,WITTE D P,et al.Influence of dietary lysine level,pre-slaughter fasting,and rendement napole genotype on fresh pork quality[J].Meat Science,2004,68(1):53-60.  
[11] BERTRAM H C,ANDERSEN H J,KARLSSON A H,et al.Prediction of technological quality (cooking loss and napole yield) of pork based on fresh meat characteristics[J].Meat Science,2003,65(2):707-712.  
[12] 门小明.肌肉纤维类型组成对猪肉品质的影响及其机理研究[D].博士学位论文.无锡:江南大学,2012.
[13] SUKHIJA P S,PALMQUIST D L.Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1988,36(6):1202-1206.  
[14] 石宝明,郎婧,单安山.亚麻籽和维生素E对育肥猪胴体脂肪酸构成的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(13):48-51.
[15] 刘则学.亚麻籽中多不饱和脂肪酸在猪不同组织中的富集规律及对猪胴体品质的影响[D].博士学位论文.武汉:华中农业大学,2006.
[16] INRA J N.猪的能量体系:新概念[J].陈春梅,译.饲料与畜牧,2008(2):43-45.
[17] ROSSMEISL M,MACEK J Z,KUDA O,et al.Metabolic effects of n-3 PUFA as phospholipids are superior to triglycerides in mice fed a high-fat diet:possible role of endocannabinoids[J].PLoS One,2012,7(6):e38834.
[18] ?ERVEK M,GEISTER M,PREVOLNIK M,et al.Effect of linseed supplementation on carcass,meat quality and fatty acid composition in pigs[J].Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus,2011,76(3):183-186.
[19] KOUBA M,ENSER M,WHITTINGTON F M,et al.Effect of a high-linolenic acid diet on lipogenic enzyme activities,fatty acid composition,and meat quality in the growing pig[J].Journal of Animal Science,2003,81(8):1967-1979.  
[20] MATTHEWS K R,HOMER D B,THIES F,et al.Effect of whole linseed (Linum usitatissimum) in the diet of finishing pigs on growth performance and on the quality and fatty acid composition of various tissues[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2000,83(6):637-643.  
[21] OKROUHLÁ M,STUPKA R,?ÍTEK J,et al.Effect of dietary linseed supplementation on the performance,meat quality,and fatty acid profile of pigs[J].Czech Journal of Animal Science,2013,58(6):279-288.  
[22] VAN DECKEL M J,CASTEELS M,WARNANTS N,et al.Omega-3 fatty acids in pig nutrition:implications for the intrinsic and sensory quality of the meat[J].Meat Science,1996,44(1/2):55-63.
[23] BRYHNI E A,KJOS N P,OFSTAD R,et al.Polyunsaturated fat and fish oil in diets for growing-finishing pigs:effects on fatty acid composition and meat,fat,and sausage quality[J].Meat Science,2002,62(1):1-8.  
[24] 徐彬,李绍钰.多不饱和脂肪酸在养猪生产上的应用研究[J].河南畜牧兽医(综合版),2008,29(1):11-12.
[25] EASTWOOD L,KISH P R,BEAULIEU A D,et al.Nutritional value of flaxseed meal for swine and its effects on the fatty acid profile of the carcass[J].Journal of Animal Science,2009,87(11):3607-3619.  
[26] HUANG F R,ZHAN Z P,LUO J,et al.Duration of dietary linseed feeding affects the intramuscular fat,muscle mass and fatty acid composition in pig muscle[J].Livestock Science,2008,118(1/2):132-139.
[27] DOYCHEV V,MIHAYLOVA G.Effect of flaxseed and alpha tocopherol supplementation of pig diets on fatty acid content and lipid oxidation stability of m. Longissimus[J].Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science,2013,19(6):1416-1424.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2