动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 9: 4110 - 4117

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.09.023

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

投饲率对花羔红点鲑幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力、免疫应答及耐缺氧胁迫能力的影响

  • 刘伟 ,
  • 莫楠 ,
  • 李冰 ,
  • 张木子 ,
  • 王日昕 ,
  • 何晓燕 ,
  • 乔淑芬 ,
  • 黎明
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  • 1. 通化师范学院生命科学学院, 通化 134099;
    2. 宁波大学海洋学院, 宁波 315211
刘伟(1980-),男,吉林通化人,副教授,博士,从事动物学研究。E-mail:lwtong@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-02-16

  网络出版日期: 2019-09-17

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（31872541，31872222）

收起

Effects of Feeding Rate on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Ability, Immune Response and Hypoxia Stress Tolerance of Juvenile Salvelinus malma

  • LIU Wei ,
  • MO Nan ,
  • LI Bing ,
  • ZHANG Muzi ,
  • WANG Rixin ,
  • HE Xiaoyan ,
  • QIAO Shufen ,
  • LI Ming
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  • 1. College of Life Sciences, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134099, China;
    2. School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2019-02-16

  Online published: 2019-09-17

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摘要

为了确定花羔红点鲑的最佳投饲率，将360尾平均体质量为（9.42±0.27）g的花羔红点鲑幼鱼随机分为4组（每组3个养殖网箱，每个养殖网箱放养30尾），每日分别按照体质量的2.0%、4.0%、6.0%、8.0%投喂试验饲料，开展为期8周的摄食生长试验。结果表明：投饲率从2.0% BW/d增加到6.0% BW/d，试验鱼的增重和饲料效率显著增加（P<0.05），但投饲率进一步增加后则显著降低（P<0.05）；鱼体粗脂肪含量随着投饲率的增加而升高，除投饲率为4.0% BW/d和6.0% BW/d的2组间差异不显著（P>0.05）外，其他组间差异显著（P<0.05）；当投饲率从2.0% BW/d增加到6.0% BW/d，血清天冬氨酸转氨酶活性显著降低（P<0.05），而血清丙氨酸转氨酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）；投饲率达4.0% BW/d时，血清超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性达到最高，投饲率超过4.0% BW/d后有不同程度下降；血清丙二醛含量在投饲率为6.0% BW/d时最低，显著低于其他组（P<0.05）；缺氧胁迫60 min后，8.0% BW/d投饲率组试验鱼累积死亡率显著高于其他组（P<0.05）。综上可知，过低或过高的投饲率均会降低花羔红点鲑幼鱼的生长性能、血液健康、抗氧化能力及耐缺氧胁迫能力；基于特定生长率二次曲线拟合，获得花羔红点鲑幼鱼的最适日投饲率为体质量的5.49%。

关键词： 投饲率; 生长; 抗氧化酶; 免疫应答; 缺氧; 花羔红点鲑

本文引用格式

刘伟 , 莫楠 , 李冰 , 张木子 , 王日昕 , 何晓燕 , 乔淑芬 , 黎明 . 投饲率对花羔红点鲑幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力、免疫应答及耐缺氧胁迫能力的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(9) : 4110 -4117 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.09.023

Abstract

This experiment aimed to investigate the optimal feeding rate for juvenile Salvelinus malma (S. malma). A total of 360 juvenile S. malma with the average body weight of (9.42±0.27) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 culture nets per group and 30 fish per culture net. Fish in the 4 groups were fed an experiment diet at 4 feeding rates including 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0% and 8.0% of body weight (BW) per day for 8 weeks. The results showed that the weight gain and feed efficiency were significantly increased as feeding rate increased from 2.0%BW/d to 6.0%BW/d (P<0.05), but significantly decreased with further increasing feeding rate (P<0.05). Whole body crude lipid content was increased as feeding rate increasing, there was no significant difference between 4.0%BW/d and 6.0%BW/d groups (P>0.05), while there was significant difference among other groups (P<0.05). Serum aspartate transaminase activity was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but serum alanine transaminase activity was significantly increased as feeding rate increased from 2.0%BW/d to 8.0%BW/d (P<0.05). Serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities had the highest values when feeding rate was 4.0%BW/d, and then decreased to different extents when feeding rate exceeded 4.0%BW/d. The lowest serum malondialdehyde content was found in 6.0%BW/d group, which was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05). After 60 min post-challenge on hypoxia, the cumulative mortality of fish in 8.0%BW/d was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). This study indicates that both low and high feeding rates can attenuate the growth performance, blood health, antioxidant ability and hypoxia stress tolerance of juvenile S. malma. Based on the specific growth rate, the optimal feeding rate for juvenile S. malma is estimated to be 5.49%BW/d by quadratic curve fitting.

Key words： feeding rate; growth; antioxidant enzyme; immune response; hypoxia; Salvelinus malma

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