综述 Review

氨基酸调控细胞自噬的分子机制

  • 宋志文 ,
  • 金成龙 ,
  • 严会超 ,
  • 王修启
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  • 华南农业大学动物科学学院, 广东省动物营养调控重点实验室, 国家生猪种业工程技术研究中心, 广州 510642
宋志文(1995-),男,山东德州人,硕士研究生,从事猪骨骼肌营养调控研究。E-mail:1927497089@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-04-03

  网络出版日期: 2019-10-17

基金资助

十三五国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0500403);国家自然科学基金项目(31872389)

Molecular Mechanisms of Amino Acids Regulating Cell Autophagy

  • SONG Zhiwen ,
  • JIN Chenglong ,
  • YAN Huichao ,
  • WANG Xiuqi
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  • College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received date: 2019-04-03

  Online published: 2019-10-17

摘要

自噬是普遍存在于真核细胞中的一种"自食"现象,主要表现为细胞中损伤的蛋白质或细胞器被自噬体包裹转运至溶酶体进行降解。导致细胞发生自噬的因素有很多,其中营养素缺乏诱导自噬发生的机制一直是研究热点和重点。早期研究表明,氨基酸缺乏诱导的细胞自噬主要是通过哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白质复合物1(mTORC1)信号通路介导完成。此外,也有研究发现一些非mTORC1信号通路在自噬的调控中扮演着重要的角色,且不同氨基酸缺乏诱导自噬发生的机制并不完全相同。因此,本文旨在对不同氨基酸调控细胞自噬的过程进行归纳总结,系统地综述氨基酸调控细胞自噬的分子机制,以期为精准营养调控提供理论基础。

本文引用格式

宋志文 , 金成龙 , 严会超 , 王修启 . 氨基酸调控细胞自噬的分子机制[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(10) : 4494 -4501 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.012

Abstract

Autophagy is a "self-feeding" phenomenon commonly found in eukaryotic cells, which mainly manifests that damaged proteins or organelles in cells are encapsulated by autophages and transported to lysosomes for degradation. There are many factors leading to autophagy, among which the mechanism of nutrient deficiency inducing autophagy has always been the focus of research. Early studies have shown that amino acid deficiency-induced autophagy is mainly mediated by mammalian rapamycin target protein complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway. In addition, some studies have found that some non-mTORC1 signaling pathways play an important role in the regulation of autophagy, and the mechanisms of autophagy induced by different amino acid deficiencies are not identical. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to summarize the process of cell autophagy regulated by different amino acids, and systematically review the molecular mechanism of cell autophagy regulated by amino acids, in order to provide a theoretical basis for precise nutritional regulation.

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