动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 10: 4637 - 4646

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.028

特种经济动物营养 Special economic animal nutrition

意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮中花生四烯酸的适宜添加水平

  • 于静 ,
  • 张卫星 ,
  • 陈文凤 ,
  • 刘振国 ,
  • 胥保华
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  • 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 泰安 271018
于静(1995-),女,山东威海人,硕士研究生,从事蜜蜂营养研究。E-mail:1391031996@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-03-07

  网络出版日期: 2019-10-17

基金资助

山东省农业良种工程（南种北繁）项目（2017LZN006）；山东省"双一流"学科建设经费（2016—2020）；国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-44）

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Dietary Appropriate Supplemental Level of Arachidonic Acid for Worker Bee Larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica

  • YU Jing ,
  • ZHANG Weixing ,
  • CHEN Wenfeng ,
  • LIU Zhenguo ,
  • XU Baohua
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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

Received date: 2019-03-07

  Online published: 2019-10-17

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摘要

本试验旨在探究意大利蜜蜂（Apis mellifera ligustica）工蜂幼虫饲粮中花生四烯酸的适宜添加水平，为制订意大利蜜蜂饲养标准提供科学依据。试验选取1 200只意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫，随机分为5组，包含1个对照组和4个试验组，每组5个重复，每个重复48只。对照组工蜂幼虫饲喂基础饲粮，4个试验组工蜂幼虫分别饲喂在基础饲粮基础上添加0.1、0.3、0.5和0.7 g/kg花生四烯酸的试验饲粮，按照室内蜜蜂幼虫饲养方法饲养至羽化出房。各组分别取5、6和7日龄工蜂幼虫测定生理生化指标及花生四烯酸代谢相关基因表达量，并统计工蜂幼虫化蛹率和羽化率。结果显示：1）饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1和0.3 g/kg时，化蛹率和羽化率显著高于其他试验组（P<0.05），与对照组差异不显著（P>0.05）。2）与对照组相比，饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.3 g/kg时，6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）活性显著升高（P<0.05），丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低（P<0.05）。3）饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1和0.3 g/kg时，6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体前列腺素合成酶（PTGE）活性显著高于其他组（P<0.05）；饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1和0.3 g/kg时，5日龄工蜂幼虫虫体PTGE和磷脂酶A2（PLA2）基因相对表达量显著高于其他组（P<0.05）；饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.3 g/kg时，5和7日龄工蜂幼虫虫体谷胱甘肽硫转移酶（GST）基因相对表达量显著高于其他组（P<0.05）。4）饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.1、0.3和0.5 g/kg时，6日龄工蜂幼虫虫体溶菌酶（LZM）和酚氧化酶（PO）活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；饲粮中花生四烯酸添加水平为0.3 g/kg时，5日龄工蜂幼虫虫体酚氧化酶原（PPO）和LZM基因的相对表达量以及7日龄工蜂幼虫虫体abaecin和LZM基因的相对表达量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综上可知，意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮中花生四烯酸的适宜添加水平为0.1~0.3 g/kg。

关键词： 意大利蜜蜂; 花生四烯酸; 工蜂幼虫; 添加水平

本文引用格式

于静 , 张卫星 , 陈文凤 , 刘振国 , 胥保华 . 意大利蜜蜂工蜂幼虫饲粮中花生四烯酸的适宜添加水平[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(10) : 4637 -4646 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.028

Abstract

The objective of this study was to find an appropriate supplemental level of arachidonic acid which added in the diet of worker bee larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating the feeding standards of Apis mellifera ligustica. In the experiment, a total of 1 200 one-day-old worker bee larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica were randomly assigned to 5 groups, among which 4 groups were experimental groups and 1 group was control group, with 5 replicates in each group and 48 worker bee larvae in each replicate. The worker bee larvae in the control group were fed a basal diet, and those in the 4 experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with arachidonic acid at the levels of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 g/kg based on the basal diet, respectively. The technique of the indoor feeding in vitro method was used for rearing honeybee from larvae to newly emerged workers. The physiological and biochemical indexes of 5-, 6- and 7-day-old worker bee larvae of each group were measured, and the pupation rate and eclosion rate were calculated. The results showed as follows:1) when the supplemental levels of arachidonic acid in the diet were 0.1 and 0.3 g/kg, the pupation rate and eclosion rate was significantly increased compared with the other experimental groups (P<0.05), but had no significant differences compared with the control group (P>0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in body of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly increased when the supplemental level of arachidonic acid was 0.3 g/kg (P<0.05), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) When the supplemental levels of arachidonic acid were 0.1 and 0.3 g/kg, the activity prostaglandin synthetase (PTGE) in body of 6-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05); when the supplemental levels of arachidonic acid were 0.1 and 0.3 g/kg, the relative expression levels of PTGE and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in body of 5-day-old worker bee larvae were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P<0.05); when the supplemental level of arachidonic acid was 0.3 g/kg, the relative expression level of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in body of 5- and 7-day-old worker bee larvae was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P<0.05). 4) When the supplemental levels of arachidonic acid were 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 g/kg, the activities of lysozyme (LZM) and phenoloxidase (PO) in body of 6-day-old worker bee larvae were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05); when the supplemental level of arachidonic acid was 0.3 g/kg, the relative expression levels of LZM and prophenoloxidase (PPO) of 5-day-old worker bee larvae and the relative expression levels of abaecin and LZM of 7-day-old worker bee larvae were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the appropriate supplemental levels of arachidonic acid which added in the diet of worker bee larvae of Apis mellifera ligustica are 0.1 to 0.3 g/kg.

Key words： Apis mellifera ligustica; arachidonic acid; worker bee larvae; supplemental level

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