植物精油制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能及舍内空气中微生物气溶胶、氨气浓度的影响

吴胜; 彭艳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.038

动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 10: 4729 - 4736

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.038

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

植物精油制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能及舍内空气中微生物气溶胶、氨气浓度的影响

吴胜 ,
彭艳

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上海美农生物科技股份有限公司, 上海 201821

吴胜(1993-),男,安徽铜陵人,硕士,研究方向为动物营养与饲料。E-mail:1207092042@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-03-15

网络出版日期: 2019-10-17

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Effects of Plant Essential Oil Preparation on Growth Performance of Weaned Piglets and Concentration of Microbial Aerosol and Ammonia in Air in House

WU Sheng ,
PENG Yan

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Shanghai Menon Animal Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201821, China

Received date: 2019-03-15

Online published: 2019-10-17

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摘要

本试验旨在研究植物精油制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能及舍内空气中微生物气溶胶、氨气（NH₃）浓度的影响。试验选择淮安市某集约化猪场3栋结构相似的猪舍作为试验猪舍，选择660头体重（10.84±0.28）kg的28日龄健康"杜×长×大"仔猪，随机分到3个猪舍内，每个舍有20个重复，每个重复11头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组1（EO1组）饲喂基础饲粮+100 mg/kg植物精油制剂，试验组2（EO2组）饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg植物精油制剂。预试期3 d，正试期7 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，EO2组的末重提高了1.15%（P<0.05），EO2和EO1组的平均日增重（ADG）分别提高了4.19%（P<0.05）和2.79%（P<0.05）。2）EO2组舍内空气中气载需氧菌浓度显著低于EO1组和对照组（P<0.05），EO1组舍内空气中真菌浓度显著低于EO2组和对照组（P<0.05）。EO2组和EO1组在Ⅰ、Ⅱ级层上微生物气溶胶浓度分别比对照组下降了16.60%、27.07%和10.34%、18.04%。3）不同猪舍之间，对照组舍内不同时间的NH₃浓度均极显著高于EO2组和EO1组（P<0.01），EO1组舍内NH₃极显著高于EO2组（P<0.01）；EO2组舍内不同位置的平均NH₃浓度极显著低于EO1组和对照组（P<0.01），EO1组极显著低于对照组（P<0.01）。由此可见，仔猪饲粮中添加植物精油制剂能够提高仔猪生长性能，降低仔猪舍内微生物气溶胶和NH₃浓度，有效减少空气中有害物质对动物和人类的危害。

关键词： 植物精油制剂; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 微生物气溶胶; 氨气

本文引用格式

吴胜 , 彭艳 . 植物精油制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能及舍内空气中微生物气溶胶、氨气浓度的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(10) : 4729 -4736 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.038

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of plant essential oil preparation on growth performance of weaned piglets and concentration of microbial aerosol and ammonia (NH₃) in the air in house. The experiment selected 3 pig houses with similar structure in an intensive pig farm in Huaian city as the experimental pig house. A total of 660 healthy 28-day-old "Duroc×Langdrance×Large White" piglets with an average body weight of (10.84±0.28) kg were randomly allocated to 3 houses with 20 replicates per house and 11 piglets per replicates. Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet, piglets in the test group 1 (EO1 group) were fed the basal diet+100 mg/kg plant essential oil preparation, and piglets in the test group 2 (EO2 group) were fed the basal diet+200 mg/kg plant essential oil preparation. The pre-experimental period lasted for 3 days, and the experimental period lasted for 7 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the final weight of EO2 group was increased by 1.15% (P<0.05), the average daily gain of EO2 group and EO1 group was increased by 4.19% (P<0.05) and 2.79% (P<0.05), respectively. 2) The concentration of airborne aerobic bacteria in the air of EO2 group was significantly lower than that of EO1 group and control group (P<0.05), and the concentration of fungus in the air of EO1 group was significantly lower than that of EO2 group and control group (P<0.05). The concentration of microbial aerosols in the levels Ⅰ and Ⅱ of EO2 group and EO1 group was decreased by 16.6%, 27.07% and 10.34%, 18.04% compared with the control group, respectively. 3) Among different pig house, the concentration of NH₃ in house at different times of the control group was significantly higher than that of EO1 group and EO2 group (P<0.01); the average concentration of NH₃ in house at different locations in EO2 group was significantly lower than that of EO1 group and control group (P<0.01), and that of EO1 group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of plant essential oil preparation can improve the growth performance of piglets, decrease the concentration of microbial aerosol and NH₃ in piglet houses, and can effectively reduce the harm of harmful substances in the air to animals and humans.

Key words： plant essential oil preparation; weaned piglets; growth performance; micobial aerosoal; ammonia

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