动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 10: 4746 - 4756

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.040

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

植物精油对体外瘤胃发酵、甲烷产量及底物降解率的影响

  • 曹玉伟 ,
  • 寇占英 ,
  • 贾淼 ,
  • 李艳玲
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  • 1. 北京农学院动物科学技术学院, 北京 102206;
    2. 中国动物疫病预防控制中心, 北京 100125
曹玉伟(1994-),女,北京人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养学。E-mail:1024061466@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-04-11

  网络出版日期: 2019-10-17

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目（30302000）

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Effects of Plant Essential Oils on Rumen Fermentation, Methane Production and Substrate Degradation Rate in Vitro

  • CAO Yuwei ,
  • KOU Zhanying ,
  • JIA Miao ,
  • LI Yanling
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  • 1. Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
    2. China Animal Disease Control Center, Beijing 100125, China

Received date: 2019-04-11

  Online published: 2019-10-17

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摘要

本试验旨在通过体外产气法研究不同植物精油对体外瘤胃发酵、底物降解率和甲烷（CH4）产量的影响。采用4×5的双因子试验设计，在培养底物精粗比6∶4条件下，分别添加不同浓度（0、50、100、200和400 mg/L）的丁子香酚、香芹酚、桉叶油和茴香油，每种植物精油的每个浓度设3个重复，分别在体外模拟瘤胃培养24和96 h，测定产气量和气体中的CH4含量以及体外发酵液的挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）含量、底物干物质（DM）降解率以及96 h产气参数。结果表明：1）植物精油种类及其浓度均显著影响24 h体外瘤胃发酵液总VFA和丙酸含量、乙丙比、24 h产气量、CH4含量及产量、24 h底物DM降解率、96 h产气量、96 h理论最大产气量（P<0.05），且二者的互作对上述指标均有显著影响（P<0.05）。2）添加香芹酚显著影响体外发酵液总VFA含量（P<0.05），且随浓度的增加呈二次曲线下降，在400 mg/L浓度下，香芹酚的体外瘤胃发酵液总VFA含量显著低于其他3种植物精油（P<0.05）；丁子香酚、香芹酚、茴香油均显著影响各VFA含量（P<0.05），在400 mg/L浓度下，茴香油的体外瘤胃发酵液乙丙比显著高于其他3种植物精油（P<0.05）。3）随浓度的增加，香芹酚的体外瘤胃发酵24 h产气量、CH4含量及产量均呈显著二次曲线下降（P<0.05），其中在400 mg/L浓度下，均显著低于其他3种植物精油（P<0.05）。4）随浓度的增加，丁子香酚、香芹酚和茴香油的体外瘤胃发酵96 h产气量分别呈显著线性和二次曲线下降（P<0.05），其中在200、400 mg/L浓度下，香芹酚的体外瘤胃发酵96 h产气量显著低于其他3种植物精油（P<0.05）。5）随浓度的增加，丁子香酚、香芹酚和茴香油的体外瘤胃发酵24 h底物DM降解率均呈显著线性下降（P<0.05），其中在200、400 mg/L浓度下，香芹酚的体外瘤胃发酵24 h底物DM降解率均显著低于其他3种植物精油（P<0.05）。以上试验结果表明，除桉叶油外，添加丁子香酚、香芹酚和茴香油均可影响体外瘤胃发酵，且除低浓度的丁子香酚和香芹酚外，4种植物精油的不同浓度均影响24 h体外瘤胃DM降解率，同时高浓度香芹酚可以降低24 h体外瘤胃发酵产气量和CH4产量。

关键词： 植物精油; 瘤胃发酵; 甲烷产量; 底物降解率

本文引用格式

曹玉伟 , 寇占英 , 贾淼 , 李艳玲 . 植物精油对体外瘤胃发酵、甲烷产量及底物降解率的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(10) : 4746 -4756 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.10.040

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different plant essential oils (EOs) on rumen fermentation, substrate degradation rate and methane (CH4) production in vitro using in vitro gas production technique. A 4×5 two-factor test design was used. The cultivation substrate was consisted of concentrate to forage ratio with 6:4, adding different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/L) of EOs including eugenol, carvacrol, eucalyptus oil, and anise oil, each plant EO was given 3 replicates for each concentration, and the rumen culture was simulated in vitro for 24 and 96 h, respectively. The 24 h gas production, CH4 content in the gas, the concentration of volatile fatty acid (VFA), substrate dry matter (DM) digestibility were measured and also the gas production and gas production parameters for 96 h. The results showed as follows:1) plant EOs and concentration had significant effects on total VFA and propionic acid content in rumen fermentation fluid, acetic acid/propionic acid, 24 h gas production, CH4 content and yield, 24 h substrate DM degradation rate, 96 h gas production, and 96 h theoretical maximum yield gas (P<0.05), and the interaction had significant effect on above indexes (P<0.05). 2) The addition of carvacrol significantly affected the total VFA content of the in vitro fermentation fluid (P<0.05), and it showed a quadratic curve trend with the increase of the concentration, at the concentration of 400 mg/L, the total VFA content of carvacrol in vitro rumen fermentation fluid was significantly lower than that of other three plant EOs (P<0.05); eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil significantly changed the VFA contents (P<0.05), at the concentration of 400 mg/L, the acetic acid/propionic acid of anise oil in vitro rumen fermentation fluid was significantly higher than that of other three plant EOs (P<0.05). 3) With the increase of the concentration, the 24 h gas production, CH4 content and production of carvacrol in vitro showed a quadratic curve trend (P<0.05), and at the concentration of 400 mg/L, they were significantly lower than those of other three EOs (P<0.05). 4) With the increase of the concentration, the 96 h gas production of eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil in vitro was linear and quadratic curve decrease (P<0.05), at the concentration of 200 and 400 mg/L, the 96 h gas production of carvacrol in vitro was significantly lower than that of other three plant EOs (P<0.05). 5) With the increase of the concentration, the degradation rate of DM in the rumen fermentation of eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil decreased linearly (P<0.05), and at the concentration of 200 and 400 mg/L, the DM degradation rate of carvacrol in vitro rumen fermentation for 24 h was significantly lower than that of the other 3 plant EOs (P<0.05). In conclusion, except for the eucalyptus oil, the eugenol, carvacrol and anise oil can affect rumen fermentation in vitro, and in addition to the low concentration of eugenol and carvacrol, the four different plant EOs influence the 24 h rumen DM degradation rate in vitro, and high concentration of carvacrol can reduce 24 h rumen fermentation gas production and CH4 production in vitro.

Key words： plant essential oil; rumen fermentation; methane production; substrate degradation rate

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