动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 12: 5509 - 5518

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.12.016

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

复合营养素对腹泻仔猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响

  • 钟琴 ,
  • 陈代文 ,
  • 余冰 ,
  • 何军 ,
  • 黄志清 ,
  • 毛湘冰 ,
  • 虞洁 ,
  • 罗玉衡 ,
  • 罗钧秋 ,
  • 郑萍
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  • 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室, 雅安 625014
钟琴(1993-),女,四川绵阳人,硕士研究生,从事猪营养研究。E-mail:2216562860@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-05-12

  网络出版日期: 2019-12-13

基金资助

十三五国家重点研发项目（2016YFD0501204）；四川省重点研发项目（2018NZ0094）；国家生猪产业体系（CARS-35）

收起

Effects of Compound Nutrients on Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Diarrhea Piglets

  • ZHONG Qin ,
  • CHEN Daiwen ,
  • YU Bing ,
  • HE Jun ,
  • HUANG Zhiqing ,
  • MAO Xiangbing ,
  • YU Jie ,
  • LUO Yuheng ,
  • LUO Junqiu ,
  • ZHENG Pin
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  • Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China

Received date: 2019-05-12

  Online published: 2019-12-13

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摘要

本试验旨在研究以乳酸、谷氨酰胺、酶制剂和枯草芽孢杆菌为主的复合营养素对变质鱼粉导致的腹泻仔猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响。从150头饲喂含有4%酸化变质鱼粉（酸价为8.67 mg/g，挥发性盐基氮含量为1 446.7 mg/kg）饲粮15 d的断奶仔猪中随机选取腹泻仔猪22头，平均体重为（7.23±0.89） kg，随机分为3组进行试验。腹泻对照组（DC组，n=6）直接进行屠宰采样，对照组（CT组，n=8）饲喂基础饲粮，复合营养素组（NUT组，n=8）饲喂以复合营养素替代3%基础饲粮的饲粮，试验期24 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，复合营养素能够显著提高仔猪在试验第15~24天的平均日采食量（ADFI）和平均日增重（ADG）（P<0.05），同时有降低该阶段料重比（F/G）的趋势（P=0.08）；复合营养素极显著降低了试验第15~24天的腹泻率及腹泻指数（P<0.01），显著降低了试验全期的腹泻率及腹泻指数（P<0.05）。2）与腹泻对照组相比，饲喂正常饲粮后，仔猪血清尿素氮含量和二胺氧化酶活性均显著降低（P<0.05），其中复合营养素还显著降低了血清肌酐、丙二醛和D-乳酸含量（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，复合营养素显著降低了仔猪血清D-乳酸含量（P<0.05）。3）与腹泻对照组相比，饲喂正常饲粮一段时间后，仔猪空肠黏膜蔗糖酶活性显著升高（P<0.05），空肠黏膜麦芽糖酶活性却显著降低（P<0.05），空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度极显著升高（P<0.01）；与对照组相比，复合营养素对空肠杯状细胞数的恢复有显著效果（P<0.05）。综上所述，变质鱼粉导致的腹泻引起仔猪肠道消化酶活性降低和肠道形态损伤，饲粮添加复合营养素可促进肠道形态恢复，减少仔猪腹泻，改善仔猪健康及生长性能。

关键词： 复合营养素; 腹泻; 仔猪; 生长性能; 肠道健康

本文引用格式

钟琴 , 陈代文 , 余冰 , 何军 , 黄志清 , 毛湘冰 , 虞洁 , 罗玉衡 , 罗钧秋 , 郑萍 . 复合营养素对腹泻仔猪生长性能及肠道健康的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(12) : 5509 -5518 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.12.016

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of complex nutrients mainly composed of lactic acid, glutamine, enzyme preparation and Bacillus subtilis on the growth performance and intestinal health of diarrhea piglets caused by metamorphic fishmeal. Twenty-two diarrhea piglets were selected from 150 weaned pigs fed with 4% acidified metamorphic fishmeal (acid price=8.67 mg/g and volatile base nitrogen content=1 446.7 mg/kg) for 15 days. Diarrhea piglets with an average body weight of (7.23±0.89) kg were randomly divided into three groups. Pigs in the diarrhea control group (DC group, n=6) were directly slaughtered and sampled, those in the control group (CT group, n=8) were fed a basal diet and the complex nutrient group (NUT group, n=8) were fed the basal diet supplemented with 3% compound nutrients, respectively, for 24 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CT group, the compound nutrients significantly increased the average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) of piglets form days 15 to 24 of the experiment (P<0.05), and tended to decrease the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) during this period (P=0.08); the compound nutrients extremely significantly reduced the diarrhea rate and diarrhea index of piglets from days 15 to 24 of the experiment (P<0.01), and significantly reduced the diarrhea rate and diarrhea index of piglets in the whole period of the trial (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the DC group, the serum urea nitrogen content and diamine oxidase activity of piglets were significantly decreased after feeding normal diet (P<0.05), and the compound nutrients also significantly reduced the serum contents of creatinine, malondialdehyde and D-lactic acid of piglets (P<0.05). The compound nutrients significantly decreased the serum D-lactic acid content of piglets compared with the CT group (P<0.05). 3) Compared with the DC group, the sucrase activity in jejunal mucosa of piglets was significantly increased (P<0.05), but the maltase activity in jejunal mucosa of piglets was significantly decreased after feeding the normal diet (P<0.05), meanwhile, the villus height and crypt depth were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the CT group, the compound nutrients had a significant effect on the recovery of the jejunal goblet cell number (P<0.05). In summary, feeding metamorphic fishmeal cause diarrhea in piglets, decrease intestinal digestive enzyme activity and damage intestinal morphology. Dietary complex nutrients can improve piglet health and growth performance by promoting intestinal morphology recovery and reducing piglet diarrhea.

Key words： compound nutrients; diarrhea; piglets; growth performance; intestinal health

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