动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 12: 5571 - 5581

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.12.023

反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminant and herbivore nutrition

母带犊牛与离母犊牛生长性能和血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标的比较研究

  • 李梦雅 ,
  • 袁梅 ,
  • 王之盛 ,
  • 万发春 ,
  • 薛白 ,
  • 王立志 ,
  • 安添午 ,
  • 彭全辉
展开
  • 1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 牛低碳养殖与安全生产重点实验室, 成都 611130;
    2. 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 济南 250100;
    3. 四川省草原科学研究院, 成都 611731
李梦雅(1996-),女,安徽亳州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:mengyali33@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-06-15

  网络出版日期: 2019-12-13

基金资助

“十三五”国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0501801）

收起

Comparative Study on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical, Antioxidant and Immune Indexes between Calves with Dam and Calves without Dam

  • LI Mengya ,
  • YUAN Mei ,
  • WANG Zhisheng ,
  • WAN Fachun ,
  • XUE Bai ,
  • WANG Lizhi ,
  • AN Tianwu ,
  • PENG Quanhui
Expand
  • 1. Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China;
    3. Sichuan Institute of Grassland Science, Chengdu 611731, China

Received date: 2019-06-15

  Online published: 2019-12-13

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在比较母带犊牛与离母犊牛生长性能和血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标的差异。选取10头出生日期和体重相近的健康新生犊牛（西杂牛×犏牛♀）作为对照组，采用母带犊牛的方式进行培育；另外购进相同品种的出生日期和体重相近的健康犊牛25头作为试验组，犊牛出生后未采食初乳，全程饲喂代乳粉。2组犊牛10日龄后自由采食相同的饲粮。试验期为90 d。结果表明：1）离母犊牛的体重在30、60和90日龄均显著低于母带犊牛（P<0.05），离母犊牛的平均日增重在1~30日龄、31~60日龄、61~90日龄和1~90日龄均显著低于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。离母犊牛的死亡率高于母带犊牛。2）30日龄时，离母犊牛血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）的活性显著高于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。60日龄时，离母犊牛血清AST和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的活性显著高于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。90日龄时，2组间血清ALT、AST和ALP的活性差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）30和90日龄时，离母犊牛血清总抗氧化能力显著低于母带犊牛（P<0.05），血清丙二醛的含量显著高于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。4）30、60和90日龄时，离母犊牛血清免疫球蛋白G的含量显著低于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。30日龄时，离母犊牛血清干扰素-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-2（IL-2）的含量显著高于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。60日龄时，离母犊牛血清IL-2和TNF-α的含量显著低于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。90日龄时，离母犊牛血清白细胞介素-4的含量显著高于母带犊牛（P<0.05）。综上，离母犊牛的机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能均低于母带犊牛，因而死亡率高。但60日龄后，离母犊牛与母带犊牛间的免疫功能差异降低。新生犊牛在不能采食初乳情况下，完全采用代乳粉饲喂，可以存活一部分。

关键词： 离母犊牛; 母带犊牛; 抗氧化; 免疫; 死亡率

本文引用格式

李梦雅 , 袁梅 , 王之盛 , 万发春 , 薛白 , 王立志 , 安添午 , 彭全辉 . 母带犊牛与离母犊牛生长性能和血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标的比较研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(12) : 5571 -5581 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.12.023

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to compare the growth performance and serum biochemical, antioxidant and immune indexes between calves with dam and calves without dam. Ten healthy newborn calves (Simmental crossbred♂×Pian cattle ♀) with similar birth and body weight were selected as the control group, and the calves were cultivated with heifers; whereas another 25 same breed calves with similar birth and body weight were bought as the experimental group, and the calves were cultivated without feeding colostrum and fed with milk replacer during the whole experimental period. Calves in the two groups were fed the same diet after 10 days of age. The experiment lasted for 90 days. The results showed as follows:1) the body weight of calves without dam at 30, 60 and 90 days of age was significantly lower than that of calves with dam (P<0.05), and the average daily gain of calves without dam during 1 to 30 days of age, 31 to 60 days of age, 61 to 90 days of age and 1 to 90 days of age was significantly lower than that of calves with dam (P<0.05). The mortality rate of calves without dam was significantly higher than that of calves with dam (P<0.05). 2) On 30 days of age, the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum of calves without dam were significantly higher than those of calves with dam (P<0.05). On 60 days of age, the activities of AST and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum of calves without dam were significantly higher than those of calves with dam (P<0.05). On 90 days of age, no significant differences were observed in activities of ALT, AST and ALP in serum between two groups (P>0.05). 3) On 30 and 90 days of age, the serum total antioxidant capacity of calves without dam was significantly lower than that of calves with dam (P<0.05), and the serum malondialdehyde content was significantly higher than that of calves with dam (P<0.05). 4) On 30, 60 and 90 days of age, the serum immunoglobulin G content of calves without dam was significantly lower than that of calves with dam (P<0.05). On 30 days of age, the contents of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in serum of calves with dam were significantly higher than those of calves without dam (P<0.05). On 60 days of age, the contents of IL-2 and TNF-α in serum of calves without dam were significantly lower than those of calves with dam (P<0.05). On 90 days of age, the serum interleukin-4 content of calves without dam was significantly higher than that of calves with dam (P<0.05). In conclusion, the antioxidant capacity and immune function of calves without dam are lower than those of calves with dam, therefore the mortality rate is high. However, after 60 days of age, the difference of immune function between calves with dam and calves without dam is lower. A part of newborn calves can survive in the condition of completely fed with milk replacer when colostrum cannot be eaten.

Key words： calves with dam; calves without dam; antioxidant; immune; mortality rate

参考文献

[1] GEORGIEV I.Differences in chemical composition between cow colostrum and milk[J].Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine,2008,11(1):3-12.
[2] BLUM J W.Nutritional physiology of neonatal calves[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2006,90(1/2):1-11.
[3] CABRAL R G,CABRAL M A,CHAPMAN C E,et al.Colostrum replacer feeding regimen,addition of sodium bicarbonate,and milk replacer:The combined effects on absorptive efficiency of immunoglobulin G in neonatal calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(4):2291-2296.  
[4] LAGO A,SOCHA M,GEIGER A,et al.Efficacy of colostrum replacer versus maternal colostrum on immunological status,health,and growth of pre-weaned dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2018,101(2):1344-1354.  
[5] 许先查,王建红,刁其玉,等.代乳粉的饲喂水平对犊牛消化代谢及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(4):654-661.
[6] 中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 815-2004肉牛饲养标准[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.
[7] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6435-2014饲料中水分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2015.
[8] 国家市场监督管理总局,国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6432-2018饲料中粗蛋白的测定凯氏定氮法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2018.
[9] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6433-2006饲料中粗脂肪的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[10] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6434-2006饲料中粗纤维的含量测定过滤法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[11] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 6438-2007饲料中粗灰分的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.
[12] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB/T 6436-2002饲料中钙的测定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[13] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB/T 6437-2002饲料中总磷的测定分光光度法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.
[14] 王建萍,杨曾乔,丁雪梅,等.高钼饲粮对产蛋后期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标和肝脏抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(1):140-147.
[15] YANG M,ZOU Y,WU Z H,et al.Colostrum quality affects immune system establishment and intestinal development of neonatal calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(10):7153-7163.  
[16] 赵晓静,李建国,李秋凤,等.不同营养水平代乳粉对犊牛生产性能和腹泻率的影响[J].动物营养学报,2007,19(2):124-128.
[17] HAMMON H M,STEINHOFF-WAGNER J,FLOR J,et al.Lactation biology symposium:role of colostrum and colostrum components on glucose metabolism in neonatal calves[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(2):685-695.  
[18] HAMMON H M,SAUTER S N,REIST M,et al.Dexamethasone and colostrum feeding affect hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes differently in neonatal calves[J].Journal of Animal Science,2003,81(12):3095-3106.  
[19] STANLEY C C,WILLIAMS C C,JENNY B F,et al.Effects of feeding milk replacer once versus twice daily on glucose metabolism in holstein and jersey calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2002,85(9):2335-2343.  
[20] 李博,张元庆,程景,等.不同饲粮结构对荷斯坦奶公犊生长发育及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(6):2672-2681.
[21] KOHN R A,DINNEEN M M,RUSSEK-COHEN E.Using blood urea nitrogen to predict nitrogen excretion and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle,sheep,goats,horses,pigs,and rats[J].Journal of Animal Science,2005,83(4):879-889.  
[22] 董金金,高艳霞,李妍,等.酵母多糖对哺乳犊牛生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(11):379-388.
[23] 高青山,张旭光,姚雪瑞,等.不同的犊牛培育技术对犊牛生长性能、免疫相关指标的影响[J].饲料工业,2017,38(7):51-56.
[24] ZOU Y,WANG Y J,DENG Y F,et al.Effects of feeding untreated,pasteurized and acidified waste milk and bunk tank milk on the performance,serum metabolic profiles,immunity,and intestinal development in Holstein calves[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2017,8:53.
[25] SU J L,SHI B L,ZHANG P F,et al.Effects of yucca extract on feed efficiency,immune and antioxidative functions in broilers[J].Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology,2016,59:e16150035.
[26] SOBERON M A,LIU R H,CHERNEY D J R.Short communication:antioxidant activity of calf milk replacers[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2012,95(5):2703-2706.  
[27] MCGRATH B A,FOX P F,MCSWEENEY P L H,et al.Composition and properties of bovine colostrum:a review[J].Dairy Science & Technology,2016,96(2):133-158.  
[28] 王海超,张乃锋,柴建民,等.人工哺育代乳粉对湖羊双胎羔羊生长发育、营养物质消化和血清学指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(2):436-447.
[29] JASTER E H.Evaluation of quality,quantity,and timing of colostrum feeding on immunoglobulin G1 absorption in Jersey calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2005,88(1):296-302.  
[30] FIDLER A P,ALLEY M L,SMITH G W.Short communication:serum immunoglobulin G and total protein concentrations in dairy calves fed a colostrum-replacement product[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(7):3609-3612.  
[31] PRIESTLEY D,BITTAR J H,IBARBIA L,et al.Effect of feeding maternal colostrum or plasma-derived or colostrum-derived colostrum replacer on passive transfer of immunity,health,and performance of preweaning heifer calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(5):3247-3256.  
[32] CARROLL J A,FORSBERG N E.Influence of stress and nutrition on cattle immunity[J].Veterinary Clinics of North America:Food Animal Practice,2007,23(1):105-149.  
[33] 殷术鑫,曲永利,高岩,等.酸化乳对犊牛生长性能和血清免疫指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2019,31(4):1655-1665.
[34] VAZIRINEJAD R,AHMADI Z,KAZEMI ARABABADI M,et al.The biological functions,structure and sources of CXCL10 and its outstanding part in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis[J].Neuroimmunomodulation,2014,21(6):322-330.  
[35] YANG L,WANG Y X,LI S J,et al.Differential expression of interferon-gamma,IL-4 and IL-10 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells during early pregnancy of the bovine[J].Reproductive Biology,2018,18(3):312-315.  
[36] MOSSER D M,ZHANG X.Interleukin-10:new perspectives on an old cytokine[J].Immunological Reviews,2008,226(1):205-218.  
[37] HAGIWARA K,KATAOKA S,YAMANAKA H,et al.Detection of cytokines in bovine colostrum[J].Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology,2000,76(3/4):183-190.
[38] HULBERT L E,COBB C J,CARROLL J A,et al.The effects of early weaning on innate immune responses of Holstein calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(5):2545-2556.  
[39] 柴建民,王海超,刁其玉,等.断奶时间对羔羊生长性能和器官发育及血清学指标的影响[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(24):4979-4988.
[40] HULBERT L E,COBB C J,CARROLL J A,et al.Effects of changing milk replacer feedings from twice to once daily on Holstein calf innate immune responses before and after weaning[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(5):2557-2565.  
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2