饲粮中不同水平豌豆对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及器官指数的影响

邵彩梅; 张鑫; 郭耀棋; 李易红; 张卫辉; 王玉璘

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.12.041

动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 12: 5750 - 5759

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.12.041

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

饲粮中不同水平豌豆对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及器官指数的影响

邵彩梅 ,
张鑫 ,
郭耀棋 ,
李易红 ,
张卫辉 ,
王玉璘

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辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司, 沈阳 110866

邵彩梅(1966-),女,北京人,高级畜牧师,博士,研究方向为动物营养与饲料加工。E-mail:cmshao@wellhope.com

收稿日期: 2019-05-28

网络出版日期: 2019-12-13

基金资助

沈阳市科技攻关项目（F16-127-3-00）

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Effects of Different Levels of Pea in Diets on Performance, Egg Quality and Organ Indexes of Layers

SHAO Caimei ,
ZHANG Xin ,
GUO Yaoqi ,
LI Yihong ,
ZHANG Weihui ,
WANG Yulin

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Liaoning Wellhope Agri-Tech Joint Stock Co., Ltd., Shenyang 110866, China

Received date: 2019-05-28

Online published: 2019-12-13

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中不同水平豌豆对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、粪便状态和器官指数的影响。选取355日龄、体重相近的健康海兰褐蛋鸡1 620只，随机分成3组，每组6个重复，每个重复90只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂用15%的豌豆替代7.5%的玉米和7.5%的豆粕（15%豌豆组）及用30%的豌豆替代15%的玉米和15%的豆粕（30%豌豆组）的试验饲粮。试验期60 d，全程饲喂125 g/（d·只）。结果表明：1）30%豌豆组蛋鸡的产蛋率和产蛋量显著低于对照组和15%豌豆组（P<0.05），而料蛋比显著高于对照组和15%豌豆组（P<0.05）；各组的平均蛋重差异显著（P<0.05），随着豌豆添加水平的增加，平均蛋重显著下降（P<0.05）；各组的体重无显著差异（P>0.05），15%豌豆组的体重损失低于对照组，30%豌豆组的体重损失高于对照组。2）各组蛋鸡的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋壳比例、破蛋率、蛋黄比例、蛋黄系数均无显著差异（P>0.05）；30%豌豆组的哈氏单位和蛋白高度显著低于对照组和15%豌豆组（P<0.05）；30%豌豆组的蛋黄颜色显著高于对照组和15%豌豆组（P<0.05），15%豌豆组的蛋黄颜色显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；15%豌豆组的蛋壳颜色略优于对照组，30%豌豆组最差。3）第4次粪便评分15%豌豆组蛋鸡的粪便状态显著优于30%豌豆组（P<0.05）。4）30%豌豆组蛋鸡的十二指肠指数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；15%和30%豌豆组的胃肠道指数、肠道相对长度、输卵管相对长度和重量高于对照组。综上，饲粮中添加15%豌豆对蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质无显著影响，有利于粪便成形；饲粮中添加30%豌豆显著影响蛋鸡的生产性能，降低蛋品质，不利于粪便成形；豌豆有利于胃肠道和输卵管生长，建议在蛋鸡饲粮中用15%豌豆等量替代玉米和豆粕。

关键词： 豌豆; 蛋鸡; 生产性能; 蛋品质; 粪便状态; 器官指数

本文引用格式

邵彩梅 , 张鑫 , 郭耀棋 , 李易红 , 张卫辉 , 王玉璘 . 饲粮中不同水平豌豆对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及器官指数的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(12) : 5750 -5759 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.12.041

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different level of peas in diets on performance, egg quality, feces state and organ indexes of layers. A total of 1 620 healthy Hyline brown layers of 355-day-old with similar body weight were randomly assigned to 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 90 layers per replicate. Layers in control group were fed a basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed the experimental diets of 15% pea replaced 7.5% corn and 7.5% soybean meal (15% pea group), and 30% pea replaced 15% corn and 15% soybean meal (30% pea group), respectively. The experiment lasted for 60 days and feed intake 125 g/d per layer. The results showed as follows:1) laying rate and egg production of layers in 30% pea group were significantly lower than those in control group and 15% pea group (P<0.05), but the ratio of feed to egg was significantly higher than that in control group and 15% pea group (P<0.05). There was significant difference in average egg weight among groups (P<0.05), average egg weight was significantly decreased with the increasing of pea supplemented level (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight among groups (P>0.05), body weight loss in 15% pea group was lower than that in control group, and body weight loss in 30% pea group was higher than that in control group. 2) There were no significant differences in eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, eggshell ratio, broken egg rate, egg yolk ratio and egg yolk index of layers among groups (P>0.05). Haugh unit and albumen height in 30% pea group were significantly lower than those in control group and 15% pea group (P<0.05). Egg yolk color in 30% pea group was significantly higher than that in control group and 15% pea group (P<0.05), and egg yolk color in 15% pea group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Eggshell color in 15% pea group was better than that in control group, and eggshell color in 30% pea group was the worst. 3) Feces state of layers in 15% pea group was significantly better than that in 30% pea group in the forth feces grade (P<0.05). 4) Duodenum index of layers in 30% pea group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05), and gastrointestinal index, intestine relative length, relative length and weight of oviduct in 15% and 30% pea groups were higher than those in control group. In summary, adding 15% pea in diets has no significant effects on performance and egg quality of layers, and is better for fecal formation, and adding 30% pea in diets has significant effect on performance of layers, decrease egg quality, and is bad for fecal formation. The pea is beneficial to the growth of gastrointestinal tract and oviduct, and it is suggested that equivalent corn and soybean meal is replaced with 15% pea in diets of layers.

Key words： pea; layer; performance; egg quality; feces state; organ indexes

参考文献

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