[1] DUQUE-SALDARRIAGA J C,POSADA-OCHOA S L,AGUDELO-TRUJILLO J H.Assessment of energy content in dog foods[J].Archivos de Zootecnia,2017,66(254):279-286.
[2] NRC.Nutrient requirements of dogs and cats[S].Washington,D.C.:National Acacemy Press,2006.
[3] THES M,KOEBER N,FRITZ J,et al.Metabolizable energy intake of client-owned adult dogs[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2016,100(5):813-819.

[4] BERMINGHAM E N,THOMAS D G,GAVE N J,et al.Energy requirements of adult dogs:a meta-analysis[J].PLoS One,2014,9(10):e109681.
[5] SERISIER S,WEBER M,FEUGIER A,et al.Maintenance energy requirements in miniature colony dogs[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2013,97(Suppl.1):60-67.
[6] 冯国亮,马馨,郑建婷.宠物犬能量营养研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(5):531-532,535.
[7] JEUSETTE I,DETILLEUX J,CUVELIER C,et al.Ad libitum feeding following ovariectomy in female Beagle dogs:effect on maintenance energy requirement and on blood metabolites[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2004,88(3/4):117-121.
[8] JEUSETTE I,DAMINET S,NGUYEN P,et al.Effect of ovariectomy and ad libitum feeding on body composition,thyroid status,ghrelin and leptin plasma concentrations in female dogs[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2006,90(1/2):12-18.
[9] GERMAN A J,HOLDEN S L,MATHER N J,et al.Low-maintenance energy requirements of obese dogs after weight loss[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2011,106(Suppl.1):S93-S96.
[10] BROOKS D,CHURCHILL J,FEIN K,et al.2014 AAHA weight management guidelines for dogs and cats[J].Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association,2014,50(1):1-11.

[11] ZORAN D L.Obesity in dogs and cats:a metabolic and endocrine disorder[J].Veterinary Clinics of North America:Small Animal Practice,2010,40(2):221-239.

[12] GERMAN A J.The growing problem of obesity in dogs and cats[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2006,136(7):1940S-1946S.
[13] AAFCO.Dog and cat food nutrient profiles[S].Champaign,IL:AAFCO,2016.
[14] HUMBERT B,BLEIS P,MARTIN L,et al.Effects of dietary protein restriction and amino acids deficiency on protein metabolism in dogs[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2001,85(7/8):255-262.
[15] WAKSHLAG J J,BARR S C,ORDWAY G A,et al.Effect of dietary protein on lean body wasting in dogs:correlation between loss of lean mass and markers of proteasome-dependent proteolysis[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2003,87(11/12):408-420.
[16] FRANTZ N Z,YAMKA R M,FRIESEN K G.The effect of dietary protein on body composition and renal function in geriatric dogs[J].Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine,2007,5(2):57-64.
[17] LEES G E,BROWN S A,ELLIOTT J,et al.Assessment and management of proteinuria in dogs and cats:2004 ACVIM forum consensus statement (small animal)[J].Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine,2005,19(3):377-385.

[18] LAFLAMME D P.Pet food safety:dietary protein[J].Topics in Companion Animal Medicine,2008,23(3):154-157.

[19] DUST J M,GRIESHOP C M,PARSONS C M,et al.Chemical composition,protein quality,palatability,and digestibility of alternative protein sources for dogs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2005,83(10):2414-2422.

[20] FABER T A,BECHTEL P J,HERNOT D C,et al.Protein digestibility evaluations of meat and fish substrates using laboratory,avian,and ileally cannulated dog assays[J].Journal of Animal Science,2010,88(4):1421-1432.

[21] BOSCH G,ZHANG S,OONINCX D G A B,et al.Protein quality of insects as potential ingredients for dog and cat foods[J].Journal of Nutritional Science,2014,3:e29.
[22] FIACCO D C,LOWE J A,WISEMAN J,et al.Evaluation of vegetable protein in canine diets:assessment of performance and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility using a broiler model[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2018,102(1):e442-e448.
[23] MOREAU M,TRONCY E,DEL CASTILLO J R E,et al.Effects of feeding a high omega-3 fatty acids diet in dogs with naturally occurring osteoarthritis[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2013,97(5):830-837.
[24] MEHLER S J,MAY L R,KING C,et al.A prospective,randomized,double blind,placebo-controlled evaluation of the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on the clinical signs and erythrocyte membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in dogs with osteoarthritis[J].Prostaglandins,Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids,2016,109:1-7.
[25] ADLER N,SCHOENIGER A,FUHRMANN H.Polyunsaturated fatty acids influence inflammatory markers in a cellular model for canine osteoarthritis[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2017,102(2):e623-e632.
[26] BAUER J E.The essential nature of dietary omega-3 fatty acids in dogs[J].Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,2016,249(11):1267-1272.

[27] MVLLER M R,LINEK M,LÖWENSTEIN C,et al.Evaluation of cyclosporine-sparing effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis[J].The Veterinary Journal,2016,210:77-81.
[28] ANGRIMANI D S R,NICHI M,LOSANO J D A,et al.Fatty acid content in epididymal fluid and spermatozoa during sperm maturation in dogs[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2017,8:18.
[29] ABDULMAJEED R,RAMADEEN A,MASSE S,et al.The effects of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on local activation properties in dogs vulnerable to atrial fibrillation[C]//The 36th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.Chicago,IL:IEEE,2014.
[30] WASIK M,MILUŁA M,JAN BARTYZEL B,et al.Polyunsaturated fatty acids in idiopathic epilepsy treatment in dogs[J].Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Zootechnica,2016,15(2):3-10.

[31] CARCIOFI A C,TAKAKURA F S,DE-OLIVERIRA L D,et al.Effects of six carbohydrate sources on dog diet digestibility and post-prandial glucose and insulin response[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2008,92(3):326-336.

[32] TWOMEY L N,PLUSKE J R,ROWE J B,et al.The effects of increasing levels of soluble non-starch polysaccharides and inclusion of feed enzymes in dog diets on faecal quality and digestibility[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2003,108(1/2/3/4):71-82.
[33] GOUDEZ R,WEBER M,BIOURGE V,et al.Influence of different levels and sources of resistant starch on faecal quality of dogs of various body sizes[J].The British Journal of Nutrition,2011,106(Suppl.1):S211-S215.
[34] BOSCH G,VERBRUGGHE A,HESTA M,et al.The effects of dietary fibre type on satiety-related hormones and voluntary food intake in dogs[J].The British Journal of Nutrition,2009,102(2):318-325.

[35] GRAHAM P A,MASKELL I E,RAWLINGS J M,et al.Influence of a high fibre diet on glycaemic control and quality of life in dogs with diabetes mellitus[J].Journal of Small Animal Practice,2002,43(2):67-73.

[36] AXELSSON E,RATNAKUMAR A,ARENDT M L,et al.The genomic signature of dog domestication reveals adaptation to a starch-rich diet[J].Nature,2013,495(7441):360-364.

[37] VERLINDEN A,HESTA M,MILLET S,et al.Food allergy in dogs and cats:a review[J].Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,2006,46(3):259-273.

[38] RADITIC D M,REMILLARD R L,TATER K C.ELISA testing for common food antigens in four dry dog foods used in dietary elimination trials[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2011,95(1):90-97.

[39] 王国华,李海云,冯杰.宠物犬、猫维生素营养需求研究进展[J].饲料研究,2018(6):29-32.
[40] JEWELL D E,TOLL P W,WEDEKIND K J,et al.Effect of increasing dietary antioxidants on concentrations of vitamin E and total alkenals in serum of dogs and cats[J].Veterinary Therapeutics:Research in Applied Veterinary Medicine,2000,1(4):264-272.
[41] 马馨,冯国亮,郑建婷.宠物犬脂溶性维生素营养研究进展[J].山西农业科学,2014,42(6):650-652.
[42] 李向阳,冯国亮.宠物犬钙磷营养研究进展[J].山西农业大学学报(自然科学版),2009,29(4):383-386.
[43] PEREIRA A M,PINTO E,MATOS E,et al.Mineral composition of dry dog foods:impact on nutrition and potential toxicity[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2018,66(29):7822-7830.

[44] 李素芬,罗绪刚,刘彬.有机微量元素对动物的效应及作用机理研究进展[J].中国畜牧杂志,2001,37(2):51-53.
[45] 范金莉.珍奇犬粮配方设计、加工工艺与饲喂试验[D].硕士学位论文.南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[46] 张明秀.高多不饱和脂肪酸含量犬粮的制备及应用研究[D].硕士学位论文.无锡:江南大学,2013.