脱酚棉籽蛋白质型饲粮中亮氨酸对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋清品质的影响

车彦卓; 尹小凤; 王晓翠; 王晶; 张海军; 齐广海; 史兆国; 武书庚

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.01.024

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 1: 189 - 198

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.01.024

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

脱酚棉籽蛋白质型饲粮中亮氨酸对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋清品质的影响

车彦卓 ,
尹小凤 ,
王晓翠 ,
王晶 ,
张海军 ,
齐广海 ,
史兆国 ,
武书庚

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1. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 兰州 730070;
2. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 生物饲料开发国家工程研究中心, 北京 100081;
3. 北京农学院动物科学技术学院, 北京 100081

车彦卓(1995-),女,甘肃白银人,硕士研究生,从事蛋鸡营养研究。E-mail:18894311096@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-07-12

网络出版日期: 2020-01-19

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0501302）；家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目（BAIC04-2018）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目（CARS-40-K12）；中国农业科学院农业科技创新工程；天津市科技计划项目——新型生物发酵饲料产品核心技术的研发[17PTYJNC00010]；人才培养质量建设——高水平人才交叉培养实培计划（市级）（PXM2019-014207-000035）

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Effects of Leucine in Low-Gossypol Cottonseed Meal Diets on Performance and Albumen Quality of Laying Hens

CHE Yanzhuo ,
YIN Xiaofeng ,
WANG Xiaocui ,
WANG Jing ,
ZHANG Haijun ,
QI Guanghai ,
SHI Zhaoguo ,
WU Shugeng

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
2. Key Open Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Feed Research Institute, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
3. College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing Agricultural Collage, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2019-07-12

Online published: 2020-01-19

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摘要

本试验旨在评价脱酚棉籽蛋白质型饲粮中亮氨酸（Leu）对产蛋高峰期蛋鸡生产性能、蛋清品质和血清生化指标的影响。采用单因子完全随机试验设计，选用产蛋率和体重相近、28周龄的健康海兰褐产蛋高峰期蛋鸡288只，随机分为4个组，每组6个重复，每个重复12只鸡。等能（11.11 MJ/kg）、等氮（16.5%粗蛋白质）、标准回肠可消化氨基酸（SID AA）模式条件下，对照组（SBM组）饲喂豆粕型饲粮，试验组分别饲喂脱酚棉籽蛋白质型饲粮（LCSM组）、脱酚棉籽蛋白质型饲粮+Leu（LCSM+Leu组）和脱酚棉籽蛋白质型饲粮+2倍Leu（LCSM+2Leu组）。预试期1周，正试期12周。结果表明：1）整个试验期，与SBM组相比，LCSM、LCSM+Leu和LCSM+2Leu组蛋鸡的产蛋率、平均蛋重、平均日产蛋量和料蛋比均无显著差异（P>0.05），1~12周时的平均日采食量显著降低（P<0.05）。2）整个试验期，各组的哈氏单位、浓蛋白重、蛋清比例和浓蛋白/蛋白无显著差异（P>0.05）。第12周时，与SBM相比，LCSM、LCSM+Leu和LCSM+2Leu组的蛋清重、浓蛋白的干物质重和粗蛋白质含量均显著降低（P<0.05）。3）整个试验期，各组蛋鸡的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性及白蛋白（ALB）、尿酸（UA）含量无显著差异（P>0.05）。第12周时，与SBM组相比，LCSM+2Leu组的血清总蛋白（TP）含量显著降低（P<0.05）；LCSM和LCSM+2Leu组的血清球蛋白（GLB）含量显著降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，Leu不能改善由脱酚棉籽蛋白质作为产蛋高峰期蛋鸡饲粮的唯一蛋白质来源导致的鸡蛋蛋清品质下降。

关键词： 亮氨酸; 脱酚棉籽蛋白质; 生产性能; 蛋清品质

本文引用格式

车彦卓 , 尹小凤 , 王晓翠 , 王晶 , 张海军 , 齐广海 , 史兆国 , 武书庚 . 脱酚棉籽蛋白质型饲粮中亮氨酸对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋清品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(1) : 189 -198 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.01.024

Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of leucine (Leu) in low-gossypol cottonseed meal diets on performance, albumen quality and serum biochemical parameters of laying hens in peak stage. Two hundred and eighty eight healthy Hy-Line brown laying hens in peak stage at 28-week-old with the similar egg production and body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 12 laying hens per replicate according to single factor completely random experimental design. All diets were isoenergical (11.11 MJ/kg), isonitrogenous (16.5% crude protein)and had the similar standard ileum digestible amino acids (SID AA) model. Laying hens in control group (SBM group) were fed a soybean meal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed low-gossypol cottonseed meal diet (LCSM group), low-gossypol cottonseed meal and Leu (LCSM+Leu group), low-gossypol cottonseed meal and double Leu (LCSM+2Leu group). The pretest lasted for 1 week, and the experiment lasted for 12 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) compared with SBM group, egg production, average egg weight, average daily egg mass and the ratio of feed to egg of laying hens during the whole experiment period in groups LCSM, LCSM+Leu and LCSM+2Leu had no significant differences (P>0.05), and average daily feed intake during 1 to 12 weeks was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Haugh unit, thick albumen weight, albumen ratio and the ratio of thick albumen to albumen among all groups during the whole experiment period had no significant differences (P>0.05). Compared with SBM group, albumen weight, dry matter weight and crude protein content of thick albumen at 12 weeks in groups LCSM, LCSM+Leu and LCSM+2Leu were significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) The activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the contents of albumin (ALB) and uric acid (UA) in serum of laying hens among all groups during the whole experiment period had no significant differences (P>0.05). Compared with SBM group, the content of total protein (TP) in serum at 12 weeks in group LCSM+2Leu was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the content of globulin (GLB) in serum at 12 weeks in groups LCSM and LCSM+2Leu was significantly decreased (P<0.05). It is concluded that Leu can not improve egg albumen quality decline caused by low-gossypol cottonseed meal as the only protein source of laying hens diets in peak stage.

Key words： leucine; low-gossypol cottonseed meal; performance; albumen quality

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