反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

环湖牦牛瘤胃微生物区系特征及性别之间的差异

  • 韩学平 ,
  • 刘宏金 ,
  • 胡林勇 ,
  • 徐世晓 ,
  • 艾德强 ,
  • 付弘贇 ,
  • 陈永伟 ,
  • 赵建忠
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  • 1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 西宁 810008;
    2. 中国科学院高原生物适应和进化重点实验室, 西宁 810008;
    3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    4. 青海省畜牧总站, 西宁 810001;
    5. 青海省农牧业工程项目咨询中心, 西宁 810001
韩学平(1980-),男,甘肃临夏人,高级畜牧师,博士研究生,从事放牧家畜生态学研究。E-mail:cupidhxp@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-07-09

  网络出版日期: 2020-01-19

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501905,2016YFC0501805);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA20050104);青海省科技支撑项目(2019-SF-149,2019-SF-153,2017-SF-A6,2017-NK-153);青海省创新平台建设专项(2017-ZJ-Y20)

Rumen Microbiota Characteristics and Its Difference between Sex of Huanhu Yaks

  • HAN Xueping ,
  • LIU Hongjin ,
  • HU Linyong ,
  • XU Shixiao ,
  • AI Deqiang ,
  • FU Hongyun ,
  • CHEN Yongwei ,
  • ZHAO Jianzhong
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  • 1. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China;
    4. Technology Extension Service of Animal Husbandry of Qinghai, Xining 810001, China;
    5. Consultation Center of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Engineering Project of Qinghai, Xining 810001, China

Received date: 2019-07-09

  Online published: 2020-01-19

Supported by

 

摘要

本试验旨在研究环湖牦牛瘤胃微生物区系特征及性别之间的差异。随机挑选4~5岁环湖牦牛健康公牛5头[平均体重为(228.0±19.4)kg]和母牛5头[平均体重为(198.0±8.4)kg],采用16S rDNA扩增子高通量测序的方法研究公、母牦牛瘤胃微生物区系特征和性别之间的差异。结果表明:2个性别间瘤胃微生物在门水平上组成相似,其中拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)是优势菌门,样品中平均相对丰度分别为51.74%、15.00%和14.34%。在属水平上,普氏菌属_1(Prevotella_1)、理研菌科RC9肠道群(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group)和普雷沃氏菌科_UCG-001(Prevotellaceae_UCG-001)是优势菌属,平均相对丰度分别为16.11%、7.74%和3.43%。Alpha多样性指数中,公牛的Sobs指数为2 689,极显著高于母牛(P<0.01),其余指数无显著性别差异(P>0.05)。主坐标分析(PCoA)和相似性分析(Anosim)结果说明2个性别之间瘤胃微生物区系存在明显差异。在属水平上,公牦牛Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group的相对丰度显著高于母牦牛(P<0.05),母牦牛Prevotella_1、毛螺菌科AC2044群(Lachnospiraceae_AC2044_group)、SaccharofermentansAnaerovoraxElusimicrobium的相对丰度显著高于公牦牛(P<0.05)。瘤胃微生物TAX4FUN预测功能比较发现,公、母牦牛瘤胃微生物功能在糖类代谢、氨基酸代谢、脂肪代谢及疾病相关等功能存在差异。从上述分析来看,性别对牦牛瘤胃微生物区系的组成有显著影响,尤其是在属水平上差异较大。

本文引用格式

韩学平 , 刘宏金 , 胡林勇 , 徐世晓 , 艾德强 , 付弘贇 , 陈永伟 , 赵建忠 . 环湖牦牛瘤胃微生物区系特征及性别之间的差异[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(1) : 234 -243 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.01.029

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the rumen microbiota characteristics and its difference between sex of Huanhu yaks. Five healthy male yaks[average body weight was (228.0±19.4) kg] and five healthy female yaks[average body weight was (198.0±8.4) kg] during 4 to 5 years were selected, and 16S rDNA amplicon high-throughput sequencing technology was applied to study the rumen microbiota characteristics and its difference between sex of yaks. The results showed that yaks of two sex had similar rumen microbiota composition at the phylum level, and Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia and Firmicutes were predominant phyla with relative abundances of 51.74%, 15.00% and 14.34%, respectively. Prevotella_1, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 were predominated at the genus level with relative abundance of 16.11%, 7.74% and 3.43%, respectively. Among alpha diversity indexes, the Sobs index of male yaks was 2 689, and significantly higher than that of female yaks (P<0.01), while other indexes were no significant differences between sex (P>0.05). The results of principle coordination analysis (PCoA) and analysis of similarity (Anosim) showed that there were obvious difference in microbiota between two sex. At the generic level, the relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group of male yaks was significantly higher than that of female yaks (P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Prevotella_1, Lachnospiraceae_AC2044 _group, Saccharofermentans, Anaerovorax and Elusimicrobium of female yaks were significantly higher those of male yaks (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the TAX4FUN predicted function comparison found that there were difference on sugar metabolism, amino acid metabolism, fat metabolism and disease-related functions of rumen microbial function of male and female yaks. In short, sex has significant effect on rumen microbiota composition of yaks, especially at genus level.

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