动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 1: 346 - 356

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.01.041

水产动物营养与饲料 AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

饲料中添加植物乳杆菌对细鳞鲑生长及肠道菌群多样性的影响

  • 胡宗福 ,
  • 牛化欣 ,
  • 于建华 ,
  • 李树国 ,
  • 常杰
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  • 1. 内蒙古民族大学动物科学技术学院, 通辽 028000;
    2. 内蒙古毒物监控及毒理学重点实验室, 通辽 028000
胡宗福(1979-),男,黑龙江拜泉人,讲师,博士研究生,主要研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:huzongfusohu@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-06-11

  网络出版日期: 2020-01-19

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31860730，31460692）；内蒙古民族大学科学研究基金项目（NMDYB1705）；内蒙古自治区"草原英才工程"青年创新创业人才第一层次培养项目（Q2017022）；内蒙古毒物监控及毒理学重点实验室开放课题（MDK2018031）

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Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum Supplementation on Growth and Intestinal Microbial Flora Diversity of Brachymystax lenok

  • HU Zongfu ,
  • NIU Huaxin ,
  • YU Jianhua ,
  • LI Shuguo ,
  • CHANG Jie
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China

Received date: 2019-06-11

  Online published: 2020-01-19

Supported by

 

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）对细鳞鲑生长及肠道菌群多样性的影响。以基础饲料为对照组，在基础饲料中添加1×106 CFU/g植物乳杆菌为试验组，每组3个重复，每个重复25尾平均体重5~8 g的细鳞鲑，在室内养殖56 d后，取中后肠段内容物及其黏膜，提取微生物DNA，采用高通量测序技术检测肠道菌群多样性。结果显示：与对照组相比，饲料中添加植物乳杆菌可显著增加细鳞鲑的特定生长率（P<0.05）。α多样性分析显示试验组肠道菌群多样性（Shannon指数、Simpson指数）和丰富度（Ace指数、Chao指数）均较对照组显著降低（P<0.05）。β多样性分析发现试验组和对照组肠道菌群分群明显。在门水平上，试验组肠道菌群中厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）的丰度达96.03%，而对照组主要由几个丰度较大的菌门组成，分别为厚壁菌门（23.79%）、蓝细菌门（Cyanobacteria）（23.30%）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）（8.95%）、螺旋菌门（Spirochaetae）（6.67%）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）（5.35%）。在属水平上，试验组肠道菌群中丰度大于1%的菌属仅有3个，为乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus）（58.94%）、微小杆菌属（Exiguobacterium）（26.00%）和肠球菌属（Enterococcus）（10.62%），总丰度达95.66%，而对照组丰度大于1%的菌属达11个，但总丰度仅为58.24%，主要有未命名_蓝细菌门（unclassified_Cyanobacteria）（23.30%）、劳尔氏菌属（Ralstonia）（11.70%）、短螺旋体属（Brevinema）（6.67%）和普氏菌属（Prevotella）（3.90%）。综上，饲料中添加植物乳杆菌能促进细鳞鲑的生长，提高其肠道中乳酸菌的比例，抑制其他菌群的生长，降低肠道菌群的多样性。

关键词： 细鳞鲑; 植物乳杆菌; 肠道菌群; 高通量测序

本文引用格式

胡宗福 , 牛化欣 , 于建华 , 李树国 , 常杰 . 饲料中添加植物乳杆菌对细鳞鲑生长及肠道菌群多样性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(1) : 346 -356 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.01.041

Abstract

This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) supplementation on the growth and intestinal microbial flora diversity of Brachymystax lenok (B. lenok). A basal diet was used in control group, while the diet of trial group was added L. plantarum in a dose of 1×106 CFU/g based on the basal diet. Each group had 3 replicates and each replicate cultured 25 B. lenok (average body weight:5 to 8 g). After indoor feeding for 56 days, the contents and mucosa of mid and hind intestine were sampled, and used for microorganism DNA extraction. Then, the intestinal microbial flora diversity was detected for high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that L. plantarum supplementation significantly increased the specific growth rate (SGR) compared the control group (P<0.05). The α diversity analysis showed that the diversity (Shannon and Simpson indexes) and richness (Ace and Chao indexes) of intestinal microbial flora of trial group was significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the β diversity analysis revealed the obvious separation of intestinal microbial flora from trial group and control group. At phylum level, the abundance of Firmicutes in the trial group was 96.03%, while the control group was composed of several phyla, they were Firmicutes (23.79%), Cyanobacteria (23.30%), Bacteroidetes (8.95%), Spirochaetae (6.67%) and Actinobacteria (5.35%). At genus level, there were only 3 genera with abundance>1% in the trial group, they were Lactobacillus (58.94%), Exiguobacterium (26.00%) and Enterococcus (10.62%), occupied for 95.66% of all intestinal microbial flora. While in the control group, there were 11 genera with abundance>1% and occupied for 58.24% of all intestinal microbial flora, such as unclassified_Cyanobacteria (23.30%), Ralstonia (11.70%), Brevinema (6.67%) and Prevotella (3.90%). It is concluded that L. plantarum supplementation improves the growth of B. lenok, decreases the diversity of intestinal microbial flora, increases the proportion of Lactobaccilus and inhibits the growth of other bacteria.

Key words： Brachymystax lenok; Lactobacillu plantarum; intestinal microbial flora; high-throughput sequencing

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