动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 691 - 705

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.02.025

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

胍基乙酸对肉鸡的适用阶段及饲粮蛋氨酸配套强化效果研究

  • 赵景鹏 ,
  • 孙明发 ,
  • 李培勇 ,
  • 张俊玲 ,
  • 杨立彬 ,
  • 林海
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  • 1. 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室, 泰安 271018;
    2. 北京君德同创农牧科技股份有限公司, 北京 100085
赵景鹏(1981-),男,山东泰安人,副教授,博士,主要从事家禽健康养殖技术研究。E-mail:zjp1299@sdau.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2019-07-31

  网络出版日期: 2020-02-21

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0500510）；国家自然科学基金（31672442）；山东省"双一流"建设奖补资金；北京君德同创农牧科技股份有限公司委托项目

收起

Appropriate Period of Guanidinoacetic Acid for Broiler Chickens and Effects of Dietary Methionine Fortification

  • ZHAO Jingpeng ,
  • SUN Mingfa ,
  • LI Peiyong ,
  • ZHANG Junling ,
  • YANG Libin ,
  • LIN Hai
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  • 1. Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China;
    2. Beijing Gendone Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100085, China

Received date: 2019-07-31

  Online published: 2020-02-21

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摘要

本研究基于生长性能和肉品质，评价胍基乙酸（GAA）对肉鸡的适用阶段和饲粮蛋氨酸（Met）配套强化效果。选取1日龄雄性爱拔益加肉仔鸡1 920只，随机分为16组，每组设6个重复，每个重复20只鸡。试验分前期（1~21日龄）和后期（22~42日龄）2个饲养阶段，1组为对照组，饲喂常规饲粮（Met水平前期为0.50%，后期为0.40%）。2~6组仅在前期设置Met或GAA处理，其中，2组只把饲粮Met的水平提高至0.65%；3~6组采用双因素完全随机设计，2个饲粮Met水平分别为0.50%和0.65%，2个GAA添加量分别为300和600 mg/kg。7~11组仅在后期设置Met或GAA处理，其中，7组只把饲粮Met水平提高至0.55%；8~11组采用双因素完全随机设计，2个饲粮Met水平分别为0.40%和0.55%，2个GAA添加量分别为400和800 mg/kg。12~16组在全期（1~42日龄）设置Met或GAA处理，前期和后期饲粮设置分别同2~6组和7~11组。试验期42 d。结果发现：1）与对照组相比，只在前期饲喂高剂量GAA并强化Met供应能够显著提高1~21日龄平均日增重和21日龄体重（P<0.05），显著降低1~21日龄料重比（P<0.05）；仅在后期饲喂高剂量GAA能够显著提高22~42日龄平均日增重，显著降低22~42日龄料重比（P<0.05），同时强化Met供应还可显著提高1~42日龄平均日增重及42日龄体重、胸肌指数（P<0.05），显著降低22~42日龄和1~42日龄料重比及42日龄腹脂指数（P<0.05）；全期饲喂高剂量GAA能够提高22~42日龄和1~42日龄平均日增重及42日龄体重和胸肌指数（P<0.05），显著降低22~42日龄和1~42日龄料重比及42日龄腹脂指数（P<0.05），同时强化Met供应还可显著提高1~21日龄平均日增重和21日龄体重（P<0.05），显著降低1~21日龄、22~42日龄和1~42日龄料重比（P<0.05）。2）与对照组相比，全期单独强化饲粮Met或联合添加低剂量GAA可以显著降低42日龄胸肌、腿肌亮度（L*）值和剪切力（P<0.05），提高红度（a*）值和24 h pH（pHu）（P<0.05）；单独饲喂GAA对肉品质无显著影响（P>0.05）。由此可见，当全程饲喂高剂量GAA时，无需额外补充Met就可使肉鸡终末体重和胴体质量达到最佳；若要阶段性使用GAA，宜在后期高剂量添加且同时补充Met。

关键词： 胍基乙酸; 蛋氨酸; 饲养阶段; 生长性能; 肉品质; 肉鸡

本文引用格式

赵景鹏 , 孙明发 , 李培勇 , 张俊玲 , 杨立彬 , 林海 . 胍基乙酸对肉鸡的适用阶段及饲粮蛋氨酸配套强化效果研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(2) : 691 -705 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.02.025

Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the appropriate period of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) for broiler chickens and the effects of dietary methionine (Met) fortification, in terms of growth performance and meat quality. A total of 1 920 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly allotted into 16 groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 birds per replicate. The experiment was divided into starter period (1 to 21 days of age) and later period (22 to 42 days of age). Chickens in group 1 served as the control group, and fed a normal diet (Met level in starter period was 0.50%, and in later period was 0.40%). Groups 2 to 6 were treated with Met or GAA only during the starter period, among them, dietary Met level increased to 0.65% in group 2, a completely randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement was applied to groups 3 to 6, dietary Met levels were 0.50% and 0.65%, and GAA supplementation was 300 and 600 mg/kg. Groups 7 to 11 were treated with Met or GAA only during the later period; among them, dietary Met level increased to 0.55% in group 7, a completely randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement was applied to groups 8 to 11, dietary Met levels were 0.40% and 0.55%, and GAA supplementation was 400 and 800 mg/kg. Groups 12 to 16 were treated with Met or GAA during the whole period (1 to 42 days of age); starter period and later period diets were identical to groups 2 to 6 and groups 7 to 11, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared to the control group, feeding a high dose of GAA plus Met fortification only during the starter period could significantly increase the average daily gain during 1 to 21 days of age and body weight at 21 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain during 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05); feeding a high dose of GAA only during the later period could significantly increase the average daily gain during 22 to 42 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain during 22 to 42 days of age (P<0.05), and the combination with Met fortification also significantly increased the average daily gain during 1 to 42 days of age and body weight and breast muscle index at 42 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain during 22 to 42 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age and abdominal fat index at 42 days of age (P<0.05); feeding a high dose of GAA during the whole period could significantly increase the average daily gain during 22 to 42 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age and body weight and breast muscle index at 42 days of age (P<0.05), significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain during 22 to 42 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age and abdominal fat index at 42 days of age (P<0.05), and the combination with Met fortification also significantly increased the average daily gain during 1 to 21 days of age and body weight at 21 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain during 1 to 21 days of age, 22 to 42 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age (P<0.05). 2) Compared to the control group, feeding Met fortification alone or in combination with a low dose of GAA during the whole period could significantly decreased the brightness (L*) value and shear force in breast and thigh muscles at 42 days of age (P<0.05), significantly increased the redness (a*) value and 24 h pH (pHu) (P<0.05); feeding GAA alone had no influence on meat quality(P>0.05). In conclusion, the final body weight and carcass quality can achieve desirable results when broiler chickens are fed a high dose GAA diet throughout the whole period, without need of Met fortification. It is recommended to provide a high dose of GAA plus additional Met in the later period for short-term feeding.

Key words： guanidinoacetic acid; methionine; feeding period; growth performance; meat quality; broiler chickens

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