玉米皮和大豆皮组合替代玉米和玉米秸秆对育肥羊生长性能和瘤胃代谢的影响

张牧州; 郝小燕; 项斌伟; 张文佳; 张宏祥; 张建新

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.02.032

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 765 - 774

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.02.032

反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

玉米皮和大豆皮组合替代玉米和玉米秸秆对育肥羊生长性能和瘤胃代谢的影响

张牧州 ,
郝小燕 ,
项斌伟 ,
张文佳 ,
张宏祥 ,
张建新

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1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院, 太谷 030801;
2. 山西省右玉县畜牧局, 右玉 037200;
3. 山西祥和岭上农牧开发有限公司, 右玉 037200

张牧州(1994-),男,辽宁朝阳人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学的研究。E-mail:937795235@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-08-19

网络出版日期: 2020-02-21

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目（CARS-38）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0502104）；山西省1331工程建设项目（J201811301）；山西省肉羊繁育工程技术中心项目

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Effects of Replacing Corn and Corn Straw with Corn Husk and Soybean Hulls Combination on Growth Performance and Rumen Metabolism in Fattening Sheep

ZHANG Muzhou ,
HAO Xiaoyan ,
XIANG Binwei ,
ZHANG Wenjia ,
ZHANG Hongxiang ,
ZHANG Jianxin

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China;
2. Animal Husbandry Bureau of Youyu County, Youyu 037200, China;
3. Shanxi Xianghe Lingshang Farm Animal Husbandry Development Co., Ltd., Youyu 037200, China

Received date: 2019-08-19

Online published: 2020-02-21

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摘要

本试验旨在研究玉米皮和大豆皮组合代替饲粮中部分玉米和玉米秸秆对育肥羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵和微生物区系的影响。试验选用36只健康、（120±11）日龄和体重[（22.20±0.92）kg]相近的杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交公羔为试验动物，随机分为3组，每组12只，分别饲喂3种不同的饲粮：1）0玉米皮+0大豆皮（对照组）；2）9%玉米皮+9%大豆皮（18MIX组）；3）17%玉米皮+17%大豆皮（34MIX组）。试验期共85 d，其中预试期15 d。结果表明：1）34MIX组的末体重和干物质采食量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），与18MIX组差异不显著（P>0.05）；34MIX组和18MIX组的平均日增重和饲料转化率显著高于对照组（P<0.05），34MIX组的平均日增重最高。2）34MIX组的瘤胃乙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著高于对照组（P<0.05），而瘤胃氨态氮浓度显著低于对照组（P<0.05），与18MIX组差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）18MIX组和34MIX组瘤胃液中羟甲基纤维素酶和木聚糖酶活性均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。4）18MIX组和34MIX组瘤胃中黄色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌、产琥珀酸丝状杆菌和溶纤维丁酸弧菌的数量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综上，利用玉米皮和大豆皮组合代替饲粮中一定比例的玉米和玉米秸秆有利于育肥羊生长和瘤胃代谢效率。

关键词： 玉米皮; 大豆皮; 育肥羊; 生长性能; 瘤胃发酵; 微生物菌群

本文引用格式

张牧州 , 郝小燕 , 项斌伟 , 张文佳 , 张宏祥 , 张建新 . 玉米皮和大豆皮组合替代玉米和玉米秸秆对育肥羊生长性能和瘤胃代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(2) : 765 -774 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.02.032

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate growth performance, rumen fermentation and microflora when a portion of corn and corn straw was replaced with combinations of corn husk and soybean hulls in the diet of fattening sheep. A total of 36 Doper×Small Tail Han sheep hybrid male lambs with similar age[(120±11) days of age] and body weight[(22.20±0.92) kg] were randomly divided into 3 groups, with 12 sheep in each group. Lambs were randomly allocated to one of three diets:1) 0 corn husk+0 soybean hull (control group); 2) 9% corn husk+9% soybean hull (18MIX group); 3) 17% corn husk+17% soybean hull (34MIX group). The experiment was conducted over 85 d, with the first 15 d for adaptation. The results showed as follows:1) the final body weight and dry matter intake in 34MIX group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), with no difference between 18MIX and 34MIX groups (P>0.05). The average daily gain and feed conversion ratio in 34MIX and 18MIX groups were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), with the highest value in 34MIX group. 2) The concentrations of acetic acid and total volatile fatty acids in 34MIX group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The concentration of ammonia nitrogen in 34MIX group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), with no difference between 18MIX and 43MIX groups (P>0.05). 3) The activity of hydroxymethyl cellulase and xylanase in the rumen fluid in 18MIX and 34MIX groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). 4) The counts of Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Ruminococcus albus, Fibrobacter succinogenes and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens in 18MIX and 34MIX groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). It is concluded that replacing corn and corn straw in diet for fattening sheep with corn husk and soybean hulls combination can promote growth and improve rumen metabolism efficiency.

Key words： corn husk; soybean hull; fattening sheep; growth performance; rumen fermentation; microflora

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