不同循环饥饿-投喂策略对草鱼生长、代谢酶活性及体成分的影响

钟娟; 李鹏程; 姚峰; 岳鼎鼎; 陈路; 杨严鸥

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.03.051

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 3: 1445 - 1453

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.03.051

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

不同循环饥饿-投喂策略对草鱼生长、代谢酶活性及体成分的影响

钟娟 ,
李鹏程 ,
姚峰 ,
岳鼎鼎 ,
陈路 ,
杨严鸥

展开

1. 安徽农业大学动物科技学院, 合肥 230036;
2. 农业农村部华南水产与畜禽饲料重点实验室, 广东恒兴饲料实业股份有限公司, 湛江 524094

钟娟(1995-),女,贵州兴义人,硕士研究生,从事水产动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:563693144@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-09-25

网络出版日期: 2020-03-13

基金资助

安徽省自然科学基金项目（1808085MC63）

收起

Effects of Different Cyclic Starvation and Refeeding Methods on Growth, Metabolic Enzymes Activities and Body Composition of Juvenile Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

ZHONG Juan ,
LI Pengcheng ,
YAO Feng ,
YUE Dingding ,
CHEN Lu ,
YANG Yanou

Expand

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang 524094, China

Received date: 2019-09-25

Online published: 2020-03-13

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同循环饥饿-投喂策略对草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）生长、代谢酶活性以及体成分的影响。选用初始体重为（7.69±0.05）g的草鱼480尾，随机分成4组，每组4个重复，每个重复30尾鱼。在（25±1）℃水温、自然光照条件下，设定4种循环饥饿-投喂方式饲养草鱼，第1种连续投喂（S₀，对照），第2种到第4种分别投喂6 d后饥饿1 d（S_1/6）、投喂5 d后饥饿2 d（S_2/5）以及投喂4 d后饥饿3 d（S_3/4）。循环饥饿-投喂8周后停止喂食，称量每缸鱼总重，并取鱼样作分析使用，再逐步关闭循环水加温系统，使水温逐渐下降到冬季的自然水温（4~9℃）。经过56 d越冬后，再取样测定体成分。结果显示：1）S_1/6与S_2/5组通过提高恢复投喂期间的摄食率（FR）获得补偿生长，其特定生长率（SGR）均与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）；S_3/4组FR有一定提升，但由于饲料转化效率（FCE）下降幅度大，因此SGR显著低于对照组（P<0.05），未获得补偿生长。2）随着饥饿时间增加，肝胰脏谷草转氨酶（AST）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著上升（P<0.05），肝胰脏谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶（γ-GT）活性先下降后上升，肝胰脏乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性先上升后下降（P<0.05）。3）血清总胆固醇（TCHO）及甘油三脂（TG）含量随着饥饿时间增加先下降后上升，血清脂蛋白脂酶（LPL）、肝脂酶（HL）以及总脂酶（TL）活性则先上升后显著下降（P<0.05）。4）养殖试验结束时，不同投喂策略的鱼体干物质、粗灰分、粗蛋白质与粗脂肪含量无显著差异（P>0.05），越冬后，投喂策略中饥饿时间越长的试验组，其鱼体粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量下降趋势越明显，但与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05），干物质含量则显著下降（P<0.05）。研究表明，间歇投喂时，草鱼通过显著提高FR获得补偿生长，同时草鱼通过提高肝胰脏LDH及血清LPL、HL活性，即提高对糖和脂肪利用的方式来应对间歇性饥饿胁迫。越冬前不同投喂策略下各组鱼的体成分含量无显著差异，越冬后投喂策略的影响表现出来，越冬前饥饿时间越长，越冬后鱼体粗蛋白质、粗脂肪损失越严重，干物质也越少。

关键词： 草鱼; 饥饿; 越冬; 补偿生长; 体成分; 代谢酶

本文引用格式

钟娟 , 李鹏程 , 姚峰 , 岳鼎鼎 , 陈路 , 杨严鸥 . 不同循环饥饿-投喂策略对草鱼生长、代谢酶活性及体成分的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(3) : 1445 -1453 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.03.051

Abstract

In order to investigate the effects of cyclic starvation and refeeding methods on the growth, metabolic enzyme activities and body composition of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), a total of 480 grass carp with an initial average body weight of (7.69±0.05) g were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates, and each replicate contains 30 fish. An 8-week growth trial was conducted at (25±1)℃ and natural photoperiod in four feeding methods. In the first method, fish were fed to satiation during the whole experimental period, and in the second, third and fourth methods, fish were fed to satiation for 6 days, 5 days and 4 days, individually, and then were deprived of diets for 1 day, 2 days and 3 days, individually. The four methods were repeated and regarded as S₀ (control), S_1/6, S_2/5 and S_3/4. After 8 weeks, weighed fish weights and took some fish for sample analysis, and then removed the electric heating rods gradually in water. Water temperature gradually drop down to natural temperature in winter, and fish body compositions were analyzed after 56 days overwintering at 4 to 9℃. The results showed as follows:1) groups S_1/6 and S_2/5 achieved compensatory growth by increasing feeding rate (FR), and specific growth rate (SGR) in the two groups had no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05); group S_3/4 had not achieved compensatory growth because of the lowest feed conversion efficiency (FCE), and its SGR was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). 2) With the starvation time prolongation, hepatopancreas γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities decreased firstly and then increased significantly (P<0.05), and hepatopancreas aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities increased significantly (P<0.05), and hepatopancreas lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity increased and then decreased significantly (P<0.05). 3) With the starvation time prolongation, the contents of serum total cholesterol (TCHO) and triglyceride (TG) contents firstly decreased and then increased significantly (P<0.05), and the activities of serum lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL) and total lipase (TL) increased and then decreased significantly (P<0.05). 4) Before wintering, the contents of fish body dry matter, ash, crude protein and ether extract had no significant difference among groups (P>0.05), and after wintering, groups with longer starvation time had obvious lower crude protein and ether extract contents, but had no significant difference compared with control group (P>0.05), while dry matter content significantly decreased (P<0.05). The study indicates that, intermittent feeding cause grass carp to product compensatory growth by increasing FR significantly. Juvenile grass carp adapt intermittent starvation stress by increasing the activities of hepatopancreas LDH, serum LPL and HL, and increasing sugar and fat utilization efficiency. The feeding strategies do not affect fish body composition contents before overwintering, while the effects of feeding strategies come out after overwintering, and the longer starvation time is before wintering, the less the contents of crude protein, ether extract and dry matter after wintering.

Key words： grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellcos); starvation; overwintering; compensatory growth; body composition; metabolizing enzyme

参考文献

[1] 周良星,韩冬,朱晓鸣,等.限食及恢复投喂对春鲤幼鱼摄食、生长和鱼体组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(1):172-176.
[2] 吴蒙蒙,李吉方,高海涛.饥饿和补偿生长对红鲫幼鱼生长和体组分的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2009,30(5):80-84.
[3] 李建,王琨,陈建春,等.不同循环饥饿投喂模式对尼罗罗非鱼补偿生长的影响[J].水产学报,2014,38(6):869-876.
[4] 杨严鸥,姚峰,何文平.长吻鮠、异育银鲫和草鱼补偿生长的比较研究[J].中国水产科学,2005,12(5):575-579.
[5] 杨严鸥.鱼类的补偿生长现象与启示[J].饲料与畜牧,2013(8):1.
[6] 楼宝,史会来,胡则辉,等.饥饿和再投喂对日本黄姑鱼生长及其体生化组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2008,32(2):280-285.
[7] 王万良,王建银,周建设,等.饥饿和恢复投喂对亚东鲑幼鱼的补偿生长[J].水产科学,2018,37(1):100-104.
[8] 王伟,张凯强,温海深,等.温度和限食对花鲈早期幼鱼摄食与生长的影响[J].海洋科学,2017,41(6):1-8.
[9] 陈路.蛋白质限量后恢复投喂对草鱼与青鱼生长及代谢酶活性的影响[D].硕士学位论文.合肥:安徽农业大学,2016.
[10] 张为民,张利红,沈文英,等.饥饿状态下草鱼生长激素的分泌[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(3):236-240.
[11] 施兆鸿,彭士明,宋国,等.饥饿与再投喂对条石鲷幼鱼组织和血清中主要代谢酶活性及糖元含量的影响[J].水产学报,2012,36(9):1435-1442.
[12] 邓君明,麦康森,艾庆辉,等.大豆低聚糖对牙鲆营养效应的研究:Ⅰ摄食、生长和代谢酶活性[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(1):7-14.
[13] 朱站英,华雪铭,于宁,等.草鱼蛋白质和脂肪代谢对饥饿胁迫的响应[J].水产学报,2012,36(5):756-763.
[14] 李锐鑫,刘泓宇,谭北平,等.饥饿及再投喂处理对草鱼生长、葡萄糖代谢和转运蛋白1表达的影响[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(1):74-85.
[15] 梁友光.长吻鮠越冬的生理生化适应[D].博士学位论文.武汉:华中农业大学,2005.
[16] 李昭林,刘庄鹏,何志刚,等.越冬对黄鳝(Monopterus albus)机体生化组成及部分血清生化指标的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2017,38(6):41-47.
[17] 杨志强,李潇轩,许郑超.锦鲤幼鱼循环饥饿后的补偿生长和体成分变化[J].渔业研究,2017,39(6):463-468.
[18] 谢雨欣,张木子,黎明,等.氨氮胁迫下饥饿和再投喂对黄颡鱼幼鱼生长性能、血液健康、抗氧化能力及免疫应答的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(8):3073-3081.
[19] RRUAN G,WAN Q,YAO F,et al.Compensatory growth,proximate composition and amino acid contents after experiencing cycles of feed deprivation and re-feeding in young yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco R.)[J].Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences,2015,14(1):201-216.
[20] DONG G F,YANG Y O,YAO F,et al.Responses of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Richardson) to low-protein diets and subsequent recovery[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2013,19(3):430-439.

[21] 于淼,胡雪松,李池陶,等.松浦镜鲤越冬期的形态、组织结构及生化组成变化[J].中国水产科学,2015,22(3):460-468.
[22] 杨严鸥,姚峰,余文斌,等.饥饿时间对越冬期黄颡鱼血清及鱼体生化成分的影响[J].长江大学学报(自科版),2007,4(4):42-44.
[23] 桑八一.碎茶对草鱼生产性能及其肉中脂类的影响[D].硕士学位论文.合肥:安徽农业大学,2015.
[24] 王万良,王建银,周建设,等.饥饿和恢复投喂对亚东鲑幼鱼的补偿生长[J].水产科学,2018,37(1):100-104.
[25] 蒋步国.饲料中不同蛋白质和脂肪水平对美国红鱼脂肪肝病的研究[J].科学养鱼,2015(12):68-69.
[26] 张洪玉,夏磊,彭翔,等.西伯利亚鲟脂肪肝模型的建立[J].渔业科学进展,2014,35(2):60-65.
[27] 王玮玮,唐亮,周文龙,等.谷胱甘肽生物合成及代谢相关酶的研究进展[J].中国生物工程杂志,2014,34(7):89-95.
[28] HE L B,PEI Y Y,JIANG Y,et al.Global gene expression patterns of grass carp following compensatory growth[J].BMC Genomics,2015,16:184.
[29] 张珊,艾庆辉,麦康森,等.晶体氨基酸替代鱼粉蛋白对半滑舌鳎稚鱼消化酶和代谢酶活力的影响[J].水生生物学报,2014,38(5):801-808.
[30] 陈晨,黄峰,舒秋艳,等.共轭亚油酸对草鱼生长、肌肉成分、谷草转氨酶及谷丙转氨酶活性的影响[J].水生生物学报,2010,34(3):647-651.
[31] 邓君明.动植物蛋白源对牙鲆摄食、生长和蛋白质及脂肪代谢的影响[D].博士学位论文.青岛:中国海洋大学,2006.
[32] 王茜,姜美玲,武玉珑,等.苯酚对多刺裸腹溞糖及蛋白质代谢酶的影响[J].动物学杂志,2010,45(6):78-84.
[33] 陈标,焦彩红,朱选,等.谷胱甘肽对奥尼罗非鱼原代肝细胞增殖及生化功能的影响[J].华南农业大学学报,2017,38(5):7-12.
[34] 向枭,周兴华,陈建,等.饲料中豆粕蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长性能、体成分及血液生化指标的影响[J].水产学报,2012,36(5):723-731.
[35] PIPE R K.Hydrolytic enzymes associated with the granular haemocytes of the marine mussel Mytilus edulis[J].The Histochemical Journal,1990,22(11):595-603.

[36] 王静波,徐立蒲,王小亮,等.盐酸恩诺沙星对鲟鱼主要非特异免疫指标影响的研究[J].中国水产,2018(2):100-102.
[37] 宣雄智,李文嘉,卢玉标.龙须菜对异育银鲫消化吸收、免疫及抗氧化性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(6):1526-1534.
[38] 冯广朋,庄平,章龙珍,等.饥饿期间中华鲟幼鱼血液与肝脏酶活力的变化[J].海洋渔业,2011,33(2):165-171.
[39] BERMEJO-POZA R,DE LA FUENTE J,PÉREZ C,et al.Reducing the effect of pre-slaughter fasting on the stress response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J].Animal Welfare,2016,25(3):339-346.

[40] 张振宇,王秋荣,叶坤,等.禁食对养殖大黄鱼体成分、肌肉脂肪酸组成和血清生化指标的影响[J].水产学报,2016,40(9):1440-1450.
[41] 吴旭东,连总强,侯玉霞.砷对兰州鲇组织中代谢酶活性及RNA和蛋白质含量影响[J].水生生物学报,2013,37(6):1073-1078.
[42] 王宝维,舒常平,葛文华,等.填饲期肥肝鹅脂肪沉积、血脂成分和脂类代谢酶的变化规律[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(8):1600-1610.
[43] 王文谦,苏泽玲,吴永丽,等.饥饿和复投喂对虎龙斑生长及LPL、HL基因表达的影响[J].海南热带海洋学院学报,2018,25(5):8-12,85.
[44] 冯东.斑马鱼脂肪酶家族基因的表达模式、功能与进化研究[D].硕士学位论文.青岛:中国海洋大学,2014.
[45] 谢小军,邓利,张波.饥饿对鱼类生理生态学影响的研究进展[J].水生生物学报,1998,22(2):181-188.

Options

文章导航

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献

关于本刊

在线期刊

作者中心

相关单位

联系我们