猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

中草药添加剂对后备母猪生长性能、发情率、血清指标和肠道微生物的影响

  • 李琳倩 ,
  • 张云龙 ,
  • 刘日亮 ,
  • 段文辉 ,
  • 郑卫江 ,
  • 姚文
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  • 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京农业大学消化道微生物实验室, 江苏省消化道营养与动物健康重点实验室, 南京 210095
李琳倩(1993-),女,山西汾阳人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:15895883006@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-12-15

  网络出版日期: 2020-06-16

基金资助

江苏现代农业(生猪)产业技术体系营养调控岗位项目(SXGC[2019]430);2018年度镇江市"1+1+N"新型农业技术推广项目-抗生素替代品(中草药制剂)对母猪繁殖性能的影响试验及推广(ZJNJ[2018]02)

Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine on Growth Performance, Estrus Rate, Serum Indices and Intestinal Microflora of Replacement Gilts

  • LI Linqian ,
  • ZHANG Yunlong ,
  • LIU Riliang ,
  • DUAN Wenhui ,
  • ZHENG Weijiang ,
  • YAO Wen
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  • Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China

Received date: 2019-12-15

  Online published: 2020-06-16

摘要

本试验旨在研究中草药添加剂对后备母猪生长性能、发情率、血清指标和肠道微生物的影响。试验选取体况相近的185日龄后备母猪60头,随机分为对照组和中草药组(基础饲粮+0.1%中草药添加剂),均为单栏饲养,每组30个重复,进行为期40 d的试验。试验期间记录每头猪的体重、背膘厚及发情状况。预饲5 d,饲喂基础饲粮,于分组饲喂第28~30天采集粪样,测定表观消化率和微生物菌群结构;于分组饲喂第31天采集血清,测定血清生化指标和游离氨基酸含量。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,中草药添加剂显著提高了后备母猪的发情率,粗脂肪、粗灰分、粗蛋白质和总能的表观消化率,以及血清中葡萄糖、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和甘氨酸的含量(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,中草药添加剂显著提高了粪球菌属2(Coprococcus 2)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)和普雷沃氏菌科UCG-004(Prevotellaceae UCG-004)等有益菌的相对丰度(P<0.05),显著降低了普雷沃菌属2(Prevotella 2)和反刍真杆菌群([Eubacterium]ruminantium group)等有害菌的相对丰度(P<0.05)。综上,中草药添加剂通过调节肠道菌群结构和代谢生成有利于后备母猪健康的活性物质,提高后备母猪的发情率,促进其对营养物质的消化吸收,对机体产生有利影响。

本文引用格式

李琳倩 , 张云龙 , 刘日亮 , 段文辉 , 郑卫江 , 姚文 . 中草药添加剂对后备母猪生长性能、发情率、血清指标和肠道微生物的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(6) : 2586 -2600 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.018

Abstract

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine on the growth performance, estrus rate, serum indices and intestinal microflora of replacement gilts. Sixty 185-day-old replacement gilts were randomly divided into two groups: control group and Chinese herbal medicine group (the basal diet with the addition of 0.1% compound Chinese herbal medicine), and the experimental period lasted for 40 days. All pigs were pre-fed for 5 days and fed basic diets. Body weight, backfat thickness and estrus were recorded; blood samples were collected from each pig on 31th day to detect serum biochemical indices and free amino acids contents; fecal samples were collected on the 28th to 30th day for nutrient apparent digestibility determination and analysis of microbial community. The results showed as follows: 1) compared with the control group, the Chinese herbal medicine significantly increased the estrus rate of the gilts (P<0.05); significantly increased the apparent digestibility of ether extract, ash, crude protein and gross energy (P<0.05); significantly increased the serum glucose, lysine, methionine and glycine contents (P<0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, Chinese herbal medicine significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Coprococcus 2, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides and Prevotellaceae (P<0.05), but significantly reduced the relative abundance of Prevotella 2 and [Eubacterium] ruminantium group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of compound Chinese herbal medicine can improve the estrus rate of replacement gilts and promote their digestion of nutrients by producing directly active substances or regulating the structure and metabolism of the intestinal gut microbiota.

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