动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 6: 2624 - 2630

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.021

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

1~21日龄北京鸭维生素A需要量研究

  • 冯宇隆 ,
  • 唐静 ,
  • 李复煌 ,
  • 吴永保 ,
  • 谢明 ,
  • 侯水生
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  • 1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
    2. 贵州省农业科学院贵州畜牧兽医研究所, 贵阳 550005;
    3. 北京市畜牧总站, 北京 100107
冯宇隆(1988-),男,甘肃靖远人,博士研究生,从事家禽营养研究。E-mail:yulonfeng@126.com

收稿日期: 2019-12-24

  网络出版日期: 2020-06-16

基金资助

国家水禽产业技术体系（CARS-42）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS09）

收起

Vitamin A Requirement of Peking Ducks during 1 to 21 Days of Age

  • FENG Yulong ,
  • TANG Jing ,
  • LI Fuhuang ,
  • WU Yongbao ,
  • XIE Ming ,
  • HOU Shuisheng
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  • 1. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. Guizhou Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550005, China;
    3. Beijing Animal Husbandry Station, Beijing 100107, China

Received date: 2019-12-24

  Online published: 2020-06-16

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮维生素A添加水平对1~21日龄北京鸭生长性能和屠宰性能的影响，以估测维生素A需要量。试验采用单因子完全随机试验设计，选择512只1日龄雄性北京鸭，随机分为8个处理，每个处理8个重复，每个重复8只鸭。试验采用玉米-玉米淀粉-豆粕型基础饲粮，各处理饲粮维生素A添加水平分别为0、500、1 000、1 500、2 000、4 000、8 000和12 000 IU/kg。试验期21 d。结果表明：1）饲粮维生素A添加水平对1~21日龄北京鸭末重、平均日采食量、平均日增重均无显著影响（P>0.05），但对料重比有显著影响（P<0.05）。随着饲粮维生素A添加水平的增加，料重比呈线性下降趋势（P=0.062 5）。2）饲粮维生素A添加水平对北京鸭血浆视黄醇浓度有显著影响（P<0.05），随着饲粮维生素A添加水平的增加，血浆视黄醇浓度呈线性增加（P<0.05）。3）饲粮维生素A添加水平对1~21日龄北京鸭胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率、肝脏指数和肌胃指数均无显著影响（P>0.05）。4）以料重比和血浆视黄醇浓度为评定指标，利用线性折线模型估算的1~21日龄北京鸭维生素A需要量分别为5 176.6和3 744.2 IU/kg。综上所述，维生素A是1~21日龄北京鸭生长发育的必需营养素，以植物源饲料配制的饲粮中需添加维生素A，且添加水平应该高于NRC （1994）的推荐量（2 500 IU/kg）。

关键词： 维生素A; 北京鸭; 生长性能; 屠宰性能; 需要量

本文引用格式

冯宇隆 , 唐静 , 李复煌 , 吴永保 , 谢明 , 侯水生 . 1~21日龄北京鸭维生素A需要量研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(6) : 2624 -2630 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.021

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin A supplemental level on growth performance and slaughter performance of Peking ducks during 1 to 21 days of age, and to estimate the vitamin A requirement. A total of 512 one-day-old male Pekin ducks were randomly divided into 8 treatments with 8 replicates per treatment and 8 ducks per replicate. All ducks were fed corn-corn starch-soybean basal diets which vitamin A supplemental levels were 0, 500, 1 000, 1 500, 2 000, 4 000, 8 000 and 12 000 IU/kg, respectively. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) dietary vitamin A supplemental level had no significant effects on final body weight, average daily feed intake and average daily gain of Peking ducks during 1 to 21 days of age (P>0.05), but had significant effect on feed to gain ratio (P<0.05). With dietary vitamin A supplemental level increased, the feed to gain ratio showed a linear downward trend (P=0.062 5). 2) Dietary vitamin A supplemental level had significant effect on plasma retinol concentration of Peking ducks (P<0.05), with dietary vitamin A supplemental level increased, the plasma retinol concentration was linear increase (P<0.05). 3) Dietary vitamin A supplemental level had no significant effects on breast muscle percentage, leg muscle percentage, abdominal fat percentage, liver index and gizzard index of Peking ducks during 1 to 21 days of age (P>0.05). 4) Using feed to gain ratio and plasma retinol concentration as evaluation indexes, according to broken-line linear regression, the estimated vitamin A requirement were 5 176.6 and 3 744.2 IU/kg, respectively. It is concluded that vitamin A is an essential nutrient for the growth and development of Pekin ducks during 1 to 21 days of age, the diet made up of plant source feed should be added vitamin A, and the supplemental level should be higher than NRC (1994) recommendation (2 500 IU/kg).

Key words： vitamin A; Peking ducks; growth performance; slaughter performance; requirement

参考文献

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