金针菇菌渣对草鱼生长性能、肠道组织结构及血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

朱波; 钟蕾; 赵青海; 戴振炎; 陈开健; 胡毅

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.053

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 6: 2921 - 2929

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.053

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

金针菇菌渣对草鱼生长性能、肠道组织结构及血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

朱波 ,
钟蕾 ,
赵青海 ,
戴振炎 ,
陈开健 ,
胡毅

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1. 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128;
2. 水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心, 常德 415000

朱波(1996-),男,湖南溆浦人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物营养与饲料。E-mail:782753266@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-12-03

网络出版日期: 2020-06-16

基金资助

湖南省科技重大专项（2017NK1030）

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Effects of Flammulina velutipes Medium Residue on Growth Performance, Intestinal Tissue Structure and Serum Biochemical, Immune and Antioxidant Indexes of Grass Carp

ZHU Bo ,
ZHONG Lei ,
ZHAO Qinghai ,
DAI Zhenyan ,
CHEN Kaijian ,
HU Yi

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agriculture University, Changsha 410128, China;
2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde 415000, China

Received date: 2019-12-03

Online published: 2020-06-16

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摘要

本试验旨在研究金针菇菌渣对草鱼生长性能、肠道组织结构及血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响。选择初始体重（20.02±0.03） g的草鱼480尾，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复40尾。对照组饲喂基础饲料，试验组分别饲喂金针菇菌渣添加水平为5%（Ⅰ组）、10%（Ⅱ组）和15%（Ⅲ组）的等氮等脂试验饲料。试验期56 d。结果表明：1）Ⅰ组草鱼增重率显著高于对照组和Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（P<0.05）；各组间草鱼的饲料系数、存活率、肥满度、肝体比和肠体比无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）Ⅰ组肠道淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性显著高于Ⅲ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ组肠道胰蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）。3）Ⅰ组肠道绒毛高度、杯状细胞数量显著高于对照组（P<0.05），Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肠道肌层厚度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，Ⅰ组血清谷草转氨酶活性显著降低（P<0.05），Ⅰ组血清补体4含量显著升高（P<0.05），Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清补体3、免疫球蛋白M含量和碱性磷酸酶活性显著降低（P<0.05），Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清过氧化氢酶活性显著降低（P<0.05），Ⅲ组血清抗超氧阴离子活性显著降低（P<0.05），Ⅲ组血清丙二醛含量显著升高（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲料金针菇菌渣添加水平为5%时可提高草鱼生长性能，改善肠道组织结构，提高肠道消化酶活性。综合草鱼生长性能、肠道组织结构及血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标，饲料金针菇菌渣添加水平以不高于10%为宜。

关键词： 金针菇菌渣; 草鱼; 血清生化; 免疫; 肠道组织结构

本文引用格式

朱波 , 钟蕾 , 赵青海 , 戴振炎 , 陈开健 , 胡毅 . 金针菇菌渣对草鱼生长性能、肠道组织结构及血清生化、免疫和抗氧化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(6) : 2921 -2929 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.06.053

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Flammulina velutipes medium residue on growth performance, intestinal tissue structure and serum biochemical, immune and antioxidant indexes of grass carp. A total of 480 grass carp with initial body weight of (20.02±0.03) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 fish per replicate. Fish in the control group were fed a basal diet, and others in the experimental groups were fed equal nitrogen and equal lipid experimental diets which Flammulina velutipes medium residue supplemental levels were 5% (group Ⅰ), 10% (group Ⅱ) and 15% (group Ⅲ), respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the weight gain rate of grass carp in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in control group and groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in the feed conversion rate, survival rate, condition factor, hepatosmatic index and viserosomatic index of grass carp among all groups (P>0.05). 2) The activities of amylase and lipase in intestine in group Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅲ (P>0.05), and the intestinal trypsin activity in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in control group and group Ⅲ (P>0.05). 3) The intestinal villus height and goblet cell number in group Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), and the intestinal muscle layer thickness in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the serum glutamic oxaloacetylase activity in group Ⅰ was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum complement 4 content in group Ⅰ was significantly increased (P<0.05), the complement 3, immunoglobulin M contents and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum catalase activity in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum antisuperoxideanion free radical activity in group Ⅲ was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the serum malondialdehyde content in group Ⅲ was significantly increased (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplemented 5% Flammulina mushroom medium residue can improve the growth performance of grass carp, improve intestinal tissue structure and digestive enzyme activity. It is suggested that the suitable dietary Flammulina mushroom medium residue supplemental level is less than 10% according to the growth performance, intestinal tissue structure and serum biochemical, immune and antioxidant indexes of grass carp.

Key words： Flammulina mushroom medium residue; grass carp; serum biochemical; immune; intestinal tissue structure

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