动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 7: 3099 - 3108

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.019

猪营养与饲料 SWINE NUTRITION AND FEED

甘露寡糖和复合益生菌对断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道形态结构、挥发性脂肪酸含量和菌群结构的影响

  • 钟晓霞 ,
  • 黄健 ,
  • 刘志云 ,
  • 周晓容 ,
  • 黄金秀
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  • 1. 重庆市畜牧科学院, 重庆 402460;
    2. 农业部养猪科学重点实验室, 重庆 402460
钟晓霞(1991-),女,重庆荣昌人,助理研究员,硕士,从事非常规饲料的开发与应用研究。E-mail:zhongchuck@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-01-13

  网络出版日期: 2020-07-15

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（02017YFD0500500）；重庆市财政专项资金项目（19513）；国家农用微生物数据观测监测任务（18501）

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Effects of Mannan Oligosaccharides and Complex Probiotics on Growth Performance and Intestinal Morphology, Volatile Fatty Acid Contents and Microbial Structure of Weaned Piglets

  • ZHONG Xiaoxia ,
  • HUANG Jian ,
  • LIU Zhiyun ,
  • ZHOU Xiaorong ,
  • HUANG Jinxiu
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  • 1. Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Pig Industry Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 402460, China

Received date: 2020-01-13

  Online published: 2020-07-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加甘露寡糖和复合益生菌对断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道形态结构、挥发性脂肪酸含量和菌群结构的影响。选择144头体重（8.50±0.11）kg、28~30日龄的"杜×长×大"断奶仔猪，随机分成4组，每组6个重复，每个重复6头猪。Ⅰ组为对照组，饲喂基础饲粮；Ⅱ组为甘露寡糖组，饲喂基础饲粮+0.1%甘露寡糖；Ⅲ组为复合益生菌组，饲喂基础饲粮+0.1%复合益生菌；Ⅳ组为甘露寡糖和复合益生菌合用组，饲喂基础饲粮+0.1%甘露寡糖+0.1%复合益生菌。预试期5 d，正试期28 d。结果表明：1）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅱ和Ⅳ组平均日采食量显著提高（P<0.05），Ⅳ组腹泻率显著降低（P<0.05）。2）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组空肠和回肠绒毛高度、隐窝深度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的盲肠内容物中丁酸和总挥发性脂肪酸含量呈升高趋势（P=0.10）；Ⅲ和Ⅳ组的结肠内容物中丁酸含量分别提高了59.67%和60.84%（P<0.05），总挥发性脂肪酸含量呈升高趋势（P=0.06）。4）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅱ组盲肠内容物的Shannon指数显著降低（P<0.05），Simpson指数显著升高（P<0.05）。在门水平上，盲肠和结肠内容物的主要优势菌群为厚壁菌门、变形杆菌门、拟杆菌门、软壁菌门。在属水平上，盲肠内容物的主要优势菌群为乳杆菌属、梭状芽孢杆菌属、罕见小球菌属、毛螺菌属和罗斯氏菌属；结肠内容物的主要优势菌群为乳杆菌属、不可培养拟杆菌目S24-7群、梭状芽孢杆菌属和罗斯氏菌属。综上所述，饲粮中添加0.1%甘露寡糖改善了断奶仔猪平均日采食量及后肠菌群结构；饲粮中添加0.1%复合益生菌对后肠内容物挥发性脂肪酸特别是丁酸的含量有正面影响；两者合用对提高断奶仔猪平均日采食量、降低腹泻率、提高挥发性脂肪酸含量、改善后肠菌群结构均有正面影响。

关键词： 甘露寡糖; 复合益生菌; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 菌群结构

本文引用格式

钟晓霞 , 黄健 , 刘志云 , 周晓容 , 黄金秀 . 甘露寡糖和复合益生菌对断奶仔猪生长性能及肠道形态结构、挥发性脂肪酸含量和菌群结构的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(7) : 3099 -3108 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.019

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) and complex probiotics on growth performance and intestinal morphology, volatile fatty acid contents and microbial structure of weaned piglets. A total of 144 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned piglets aged from 28 to 30 days with body weight of (8.50±0.11) kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 6 pigs in each replicate. Group Ⅰ was the control group, fed a basal diet; group Ⅱ was a MOS group, fed the basal diet+0.1% MOS; group Ⅲ was a complex probiotics group, fed the basal diet+0.1% complex probiotics; group Ⅳ was a MOS and complex probiotics combined group, fed the basal diet+0.1% MOS+0.1% compound probiotic. The pre-experimental period lasted for 5 days, and the experimental period lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with group Ⅰ, the average daily feed intake of groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the diarrhea rate of group Ⅳ was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 2) Compared with group Ⅰ, the villus height, crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth in jejunum and ileum of groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ had no significant difference (P>0.05). 3) Compared with group Ⅰ, the contents of butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid in cecum contents of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ showed an increasing trend (P=0.10); the colon butyric acid content of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ increased by 59.67% and 60.84% (P<0.05), respectively, and the total volatile fatty acid content showed an increasing trend (P=0.06). 4) Compared with group Ⅰ, the Shannon index in cecum contents of group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the Simpson index was significantly increased (P<0.05). At the phylum level, the main dominant floras in cecum and colon contents were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Tenericutes. At the genus level, the main dominant floras in cecum contents were Lactobacillus, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Subdoligranulum, Lachnospira and Roseburia, and the main dominant floras in colon contents were Lactobacillus, uncultured_bacterium_f_Bacteroidales_S24-7_group, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Roseburia. In summary, dietary 0.1% MOS improve the average daily feed intake and hindgut microbial structure of weaned piglets; dietary 0.1% complex probiotics have a positive effect on the hindgut volatile fatty acid contents, especially butyric acid; MOS and complex probiotics combined use have a positive effect on improve the average daily feed intake, reduce diarrhea rate, improve volatile fatty acid contents and improve hindgut microbial structure of weaned piglets.

Key words： mannan oligosaccharides; complex probiotics; weaned piglets; growth performance; microbial structure

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