吸附剂对饲喂含黄曲霉毒素B1和T-2毒素饲粮肉鸡生长性能、器官指数、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响

田莎; 孙鑫东; 宋泽和; 吴媛媛; 陈宇光; 贺喜

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.024

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 7: 3143 - 3153

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.024

禽营养与饲料 POULTRY NUTRITION AND FEED

吸附剂对饲喂含黄曲霉毒素B₁和T-2毒素饲粮肉鸡生长性能、器官指数、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响

田莎 ,
孙鑫东 ,
宋泽和 ,
吴媛媛 ,
陈宇光 ,
贺喜

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1. 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 湖南家禽安全生产工程技术研究中心, 湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心, 饲料安全与高效利用教育部工程研究中心, 长沙 410128;
2. 泰高营养科技有限公司, 北京 100089

田莎(1996-),女,湖南汨罗人,硕士研究生,研究方向为单胃动物营养生理。E-mail:Tiansha1111@126.com

收稿日期: 2020-02-03

网络出版日期: 2020-07-15

基金资助

国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项（2018YFE0101700）；湖南农业大学重大科研项目暨创新团队培育工程资助项目（17PYXM04）；湖南农业大学"双一流"建设项目（SYL201802015）

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Effects of Adsorbent on Growth Performance, Organ Indexes, Serum Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Capacity of Broilers Fed Diets Contaminated with Aflatoxin B₁ and T-2 Toxin

TIAN Sha ,
SUN Xindong ,
SONG Zehe ,
WU Yuanyuan ,
CHEN Yuguang ,
HE Xi

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Engineering Research Center of Feed Safety and Efficient Use of Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
2. Trouw Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100089, China

Received date: 2020-02-03

Online published: 2020-07-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究黄曲霉毒素B₁（AFB₁）和T-2毒素联合使用对肉鸡生长性能、器官指数、血清抗氧化指标和生化指标的影响，同时评价吸附剂的脱毒效果。选取1日龄健康爱拔益加（AA）肉仔鸡448羽，采用2×2双因子完全随机试验设计，随机分为4个组，每组8个重复，每个重复14羽（公母各占1/2）。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，Ⅰ组在基础饲粮中添加0.25%吸附剂，Ⅱ组在基础饲粮中添加0.2 mg/kg AFB₁+1.0 mg/kg T-2毒素，Ⅲ组在基础饲粮中添加0.25%吸附剂+0.2 mg/kg AFB₁+1.0 mg/kg T-2毒素。对照组和Ⅰ组为空白组，Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组为霉菌毒素组。试验期42 d。结果表明：与空白组相比，1）添加霉菌毒素显著提高肉鸡1~21日龄时的料重比（F/G）（P<0.05），显著降低22~42日龄时的末重和平均日增重（ADG）（P<0.05）；添加吸附剂显著提高22~42日龄时的末重和平均日采食量（ADFI）（P<0.05）。2）添加霉菌毒素显著提高肉鸡21日龄时的脾脏指数（P<0.05），显著降低42日龄时的法氏囊指数（P<0.05）；添加吸附剂缓解了42日龄时的法氏囊萎缩，但效果不显著（P>0.05）。3）添加霉菌毒素显著降低肉鸡21日龄时的血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和42日龄时的血清总蛋白（TP）含量（P<0.05），显著提高21日龄时的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性（P<0.05）；添加吸附剂对血清抗氧化能力改善效果不显著（P>0.05），显著降低21日龄时的血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性（P<0.05），显著提高42日龄时的血清白蛋白（ALB）含量（P<0.05）。综上所述，吸附剂可有效缓解AFB₁和T-2毒素对肉鸡生长性能、器官指数和血清生化指标带来的负面影响，可作为一种有效脱毒剂添加到肉鸡饲粮中。

关键词： 肉鸡; 黄曲霉毒素B₁; T-2毒素; 吸附剂; 生长性能; 抗氧化指标; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

田莎 , 孙鑫东 , 宋泽和 , 吴媛媛 , 陈宇光 , 贺喜 . 吸附剂对饲喂含黄曲霉毒素B₁和T-2毒素饲粮肉鸡生长性能、器官指数、血清生化指标和抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(7) : 3143 -3153 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.07.024

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of combination of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) and T-2 toxin on growth performance, organ indexes, serum antioxidant indexes and biochemical indexes of broilers, and to evaluate the detoxification effects of adsorbent. Four hundred and forty-eight one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 14 broilers per replicate (males and females in half) by a 2×2 two factor completely randomized experiment design. Broilers in control group were fed a basal diet, that in group I were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.25% adsorbent, that in group II were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.2 mg/kg AFB₁+1.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin, and the others in group III were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.25% adsorbent+0.2 mg/kg AFB₁+1.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin. Control group and group I were blank groups, and group II and group III were mycotoxin groups. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:compared with blank groups, 1) supplemented with mycotoxin significantly increased the feed gain ratio(F/G)of broilers at 1 to 21 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased final body weight and average daily gain (ADG) at 22 to 42 days of age (P<0.05); supplemented with adsorbent significantly increased final body weight and average daily feed intake (ADFI) at 22 to 42 days of age (P<0.05). 2) Supplemented with mycotoxin significantly increased spleen index of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly decreased bursa of Fabricius index at 42 days of age (P<0.05); supplemented with adsorbent alleviated bursa of Fabricius atrophy at 42 days of age, but the effect was not significant (P>0.05). 3) Supplemented with mycotoxin significantly decreased serum catalase (CAT) activity of broilers at 21 days of age and serum total protein (TP) content at 42 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity at 21 days of age (P<0.05); supplemented with adsorbent had no significant effects on improvement of serum antioxidant capacity (P>0.05), significantly decreased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity at 21 days of age (P<0.05), and significantly increased serum albumin (ALB) content at 42 days of age (P<0.05). In conclusion, adsorbent can effectively alleviate the negative effects of AFB₁ and T-2 toxin on growth performance, organ indexes and serum biochemical indexes of broilers, so it can be added to broiler's diets as an effective detoxification agent.

Key words： broiler; aflatoxin B₁; T-2 toxin; adsorbent; growth performance; antioxidant index; serum biochemical index

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